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HomeMy WebLinkAboutVTN CONSOLIDATED INC. - 1973-01-15•Y� 'V1 City o 'ington Beach P.O. BOX 190 CALIFORNIA 92946 ENGINEERING DEPA PTMENI T April 8, 1974�,s(y ,fit Honorable Mayor]/g¢� d and City Council City of Huntington Beaz t l Subject Consultants Agreement 1 between City of Huntington Beach and VTN Consolidated' Inc. Gentlemen: Transmitted herewith is the Consultant's Agreement between the City of Huntington Beach and VTN Consolidated Mc. for the engagement for professional services for the Pacific Coast Highway (Warner Avenue to Santa Ana River) Street Improvements Project. This agreement directs VTN to prepare: 1. Project Report 2. Environmental Impact Report/F:vemption Declaration Engineering Plans 4. Project Specifications 5. Project Cost ES° 'Lmat9S In order for this project to qualify for FY 73-74 Federal Funds, all documents and engineering work must. be completed by May 23, 1974. This short time period precludes the preparation of the required project documents by City forces. Thz?refore it is respectively requested that the City Council approve this agreement and direct the Mayor and City Clerk to execut.c, this document. Very truly yours, .g e- W H. E, Hartge Dirertor of Public Works HEH: WEH: el CITV OF HUNTINGTON BEACH Hol - E 3 INTER -DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION KUNVINGION BEACH - I rn o DoBonfa, C.-Uty Attorney FromH. E. Hartge Director of Public Wo---v--= Stobject Consultants Agreement between Gate April 8, 1974 City of Huntington Beach Please have your oUice revlp:w this Consultants P,,ceement as to form. This agreement will be presented to the City Council of April 15, 1974, therefore please expedite. 4* Hartge Director of Public Works flEH,.WBH1-1a1 Encl. . ........... WK: ill: 4� 1 � CHANGES TO CONSULTANT'S AGREMENT (City Council Copy) Page 5: f. Should read $175, 877. 00 Page 5 & 6: g. Should rc-ad $16,830.00 Page 6. h. Should read $192,707.00 Page 6: j. Change ...P.S. & E.S... to P.S. & E's. (At two locations in paragraph. Page 7: ...to City within fifty-five calendar days... Change to... to Ca within thirty-nine calendar days. Page 20: not later than fifty-five (55). Change to ...not later than KhAly-nine (39) .. Page ?0: 4. Should read ($1.92,707..00) instead of ($1.96,919) and. ($1.12, 98) in8tead of ($106,253) x. ARTICLE 6. PROVISION FOR PAYMENT The basis of payment for ""he services provided under th' ACreement shall vary for various items of service as follows: f a. Surveying and work connecte/dc ser ces shall be compensated in accordance with establishedr 2, 3 and 4 man survey cre;.s per attached Schedule. b. Computer input and processimpensated by specific• rates of compensation for eachitem of spement'which rate shall include equipment operator. This work wilvely mi nor part of work required fcr project. C. Photogrammetry shall be 9mpensated by lump sum, d. Office work in connect' 'on with record search and office ialciflations for establi.hing monument control a limits of existing right of way shall be compensated by specific rates of compensation for each class of employee engaged in the work. This work will b relatively minor as compared to the total work required for PROJECT. e. Project rep rt, environmental assessment/negative declaration, preparation of Mans, s...cifications and estimates which will constitute the major pa,t of PROJECT ork shall be compensated on a cost plus net fee amount basis as delineated in Schedule "B", 7 f. CI shall reimburse CONSULTANT upon the submis.ir�n of propel; invoices for a1 costs (including labor costs, payroll burden, overhead, and other direct osts) incurred by CONSULTANT in performance of his undertakings hereunder i accord'ance with schedule "B" in an amount nut to exceed one- hundred_se�enty-give thousand eight -hundred seventy-seven dollars ($17,13t877), exclusive of any fixed fee, g. In addition to the costs referred to in paragraph "f" of this Arti-,le 6, CITY shall pay the CONSULTANT a fixed tee of sixteen -thousand M S 77� Ieig'it-hundred thirty dollars ($16,830). Said fixed fee shall not be �. ecomlexitor altered unless there is significant alteration in the sco/hereto character of the work to be performed. h. The maximutf, amount payable under this Agrendred ninety-two thousand seven -hundred seven dollars ($102,707is based upon the estimated costs listed in Sched�,e "B", ared made a part nereof. This table includes estimated cos s for each category of work plus a contingency of ten percent (10%). The -ixed fee is based upon estimated costs. i. CITY s.iall rriake partial paymen s to CONSULTANT in accordance with Schedule "6" and based upon the incur ence of labor costs (including pay- roll burden and estimated o.ierhead cost and direct costs plus a prorata percentage of the fixed fee (as defi d in paragraph "J" below), provided pro- gress is commensurate with expendi res and time used. Payments shall be made by CITY to CONSULTANT at monthly intervals during the course of the PROJECT. j. Fifty percent ' 0%j of the total fixed fee provided for in this article (paragraph "g") sha be paid in equal installments when requested or-, CONSU'_TANT invoice. An a ditional wenty-five percent (25%) shall be paid upor) submittal of P.S.&/S. to CALTRANS and FHWA. The balance of the fixed fee shall be withhel and set aside and paid to CONSULTANT following receipt and appro;ral of the fin 1 PROJECT required hereunder and upon compliance by CONSULTANT with t e terms of this Agreement. However should final approval not be foethcom'ng within six months following submitta':, through no fault of CONSULTANT, t en an additional fifteen percent (1F°L) shall be paid i.o CONSULTANT t the expiration of said six months; and the final ten percent (10%) wit in one year following submittal of P.S.&F'.S. to CALTRANS and FHWA or upon award of project by the City Council, whichever occurs sooner. 6 this Agreement except for construction consultation, not later/thanh nine (39) calendar days following -the official notification to CITY, exclusive of time Y.,quired for review of affected agenciextension of time is granted in writing by CITY, and approved and FNWA, �.fhich said extension of time, if any, shall be gr•antd onyfor causes determined in the sole discretion of CITY to be good nd sufficient causes for such extension. 4. CITY agrees to pay CONSULTANT, and CONS TANT agrees to accept, as full consideration for the services rendered her nder, the following: or Item 1.(a) through item 1.(k) clusive an amount as calculated in accordance with Schedule "B" ut not to exceed one -hundred ninety-two thousand seven-hund ed seven dollars ($192,70,7.). CITY shall reimburse CONSULT NT upon submission of proper invoices for all costs (exclusive o fixed fee) in an amount not tc ~,x- ceed fifty percent of hundred twelve thousand one -hundred ninety- eight ($112,108) upon ubmi,ttal of the preliminary P.S.&E.'s, an additional thirty p cent upon approval of the final P.S &E.'s an additional ten per, ent upon approval of the final P.S.&E.'s by CITY and the fi, 1 ten percent upon approval of th, final P.S.&E.'s by CALTRANS an FHWA, except that said final ten percent shall not be withheld onger than six months following submittal of P.S.&'E.'c to CALTRAN and FHWA for review and approval if consultant is free of cause of such approval being withheld. CONSULTANT Vi11 bill CITY separately for reproductions in accordance with actual invoice , for field surveying and computer processing in accoi°dance with the hourly r. es of Schedule "B" and photogrammetry in accordance with the lump sum amount of Schedule "B" and shall also review and transmit invoice from authorized special consultant for pavement deflection and subsurface investigation. 20 5. CONSULTANT shall maintain books, documents, papers, accounting records and other evidence pertaining to the costs incurred and take such material available at its office at all reasonatle times duri the contract period and for three years from t•,,e date of final payment der the contract, for inspection by the State, the Federal Highway Admini ration, or any authorized representatives of the Federal Government nd copies thereof shall be furnished if requested. 6. The contract further- provides that C SULTANT shall not engage the services of any person or persons now in th employ of the State of California, or CITY, for work covered by the terms of the contract without the written consent of the witployers of such perso s. 7. Redes4,;7n or redrafting nec,. fated by conditions beyond the control of CONSULTANT, will be considere,' s extra work and will be a basis for negotiation of additional fee, o claim -for said additional work shall be made unless specifically authorized in writing by CITY. All controversies arising out of the work wh`h cannot be settled by mutual agreement shall be resolved as provided in ie January, 1973, Standard Specifications of the California Department f Pub,lic Works, Division of Highways, for the settlement :f such disputes. 8. Duly aut orized representatives of CALTRANS, CITY, and Federal Government shall have the right of access to the CONSULTANT`s plans and files and reco'ds relating to the projects included in this Agreement. 9. I is expressly understood' that in the performace of the engineering services I:rein provided for, CONSULTANT shall be., and is, an independent CONSULTANT, and is not an agent or employee of CITY and shall retain the E SCHEDULE "B" G Basi'� for establis,hi.ng estimated project costs CONSULTANT I. SERVICES; Preparation of project report, environment impact statement/ negative declaration, plans, specificatio and estimates (cost plus net fee) STAFF CATEGORY HOURLY RATE MA/300 EYTENSION Project Manager 11.69 $ 3,507 Registered Engineer, Street Design 9.81 1,962 Registered Engineer, Drainage 9.81 785 Registered Engineer, Water 8.66 1,732 Registered Engineer, Specifications i1.40 684 Senior, Designer, Streets 800 8.,^3 6,584 Designer, Drainage 100 7.65 765 Designer, Water 400 7.65 3,060 Senior Transp./Traffic 80 13.47 1,078 Assist. Transp./Traffic 260 8,08 2,101 Engineering Draftsman 1000 6.78 6,780 Engineering Draftsman 2200 6.2E 13,772 Computer Storage & Retrieval 40 6.45 258 Report Typing 60 4.25 255 Environmental Scientist/Engineeri g 60 9.23 554 Environmental Specialist 60 7.27 433 Salary Payroll Costs 44,3iO Payroll Additives, 27.6% 12,230 Total Salary Costs 56,540 Indirect Overhead Costs, 80.4% 45,458 Services $lC1,998 Contingencies, 10% 10,200 Sub -total $112,198 Net Fee 16,,830 Sub -total. Services 1291.028 II. SERVICES: Engir.eerincSurveying ($57/Hr. f r 3-mar, crewperrate schedule) Aerial Contra; Surve 80 Hrs. @ $57/Hr. Station Canterline or X-Sections 40 Hrs. @ $5/Hr. X-Sections at 00 ft. Stations' 360 Hrs. @ $57/Hr. Sub -tot Surveying $ 4,560 2,280 20,520- 27,360 SCHEDULE "Q" (cont'd) III. SERVICES: Computer Processing of Field Data and Computer Plotter Operation (Rates per established rate schedule) Key Punch & Verify 40 Hrs. @ $ 7.,50/Hr. $ 300 GA1830-Computer & Plotter 20 Hrs. @ $84.00/Hr. ✓ 1,680 Systems Programmer 10 Ilrs. @ $35.00/Hr. ,/ 350 Sub -total, Computer Programming 2,330 IV. SERVICES: Photogrammetric Mapping & Compile Plan and Profile Sheets at 1" = 40' AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY Mobilization & Demobilization of Aircraft $ 250 34 exposures @ $15 510 102. Contact Prints 0 $3 306 Photo Index Map (1" = 400') 200 $7 ,266 STEREO COMPILATION 1" = 40' 34 Diapositives @ $8 $ 272 Materials 150 Manuscript Layout 425 Stereo Compilation, 170 Hrs @ $30 5,100 5,947 DRAFTING' Scribing Materials $ 250 Scribing., 180 Hrs @ 21.50 3,870 Prepar;stion of 45 St Shts @ $80 3,600 Edit, 24 Hrs. @ $21 0 516 Miscellaneous 200 Lump Sum--S -total, Photogrammetry 8,436T 5 650' V. SERVICES: Ground Co trol Research & Coordination of field Survey, Photogrammetry & Computer Programming (Rates established rate schedule) Licensed Land Sur eyjr 20 Hr. @ $32 $ 640 Supervising .Sure y & Title Analyst 120 Hr. @ $28 3,360 Sub- tai, Ground Control & Coordination �,4,000 Sub -total Items II to V Inclusiwe 49,340 SCHEDULE "D" (cont d) (Forward) Sub -total Items. II to V Inclusive $ 49,340 Contingencies, 10% 4,934 Sub -total 54, 27 4 Total, Services (Prior to Direct Non -Labor Ch rges7 183,302 DIRECT NON -LABOR CHARGES Travel, 25G Miles @ $0.12JMileZInvesgatiorn�'1,00n $ 30 Communication 20 Reproduction Expense 7,500 Pavement DeflL, tion and Subsurface Sub -tonal Non --Labor Charges $ 18,550 Contingencies, In% 1,855 Total, Non -Labor Charges 20,405 Total Estimated Cost, Co $293,707 CITV OF HUNTINGTON &ACH i COUNCIL ADMINISTRATOR COMMUNICATION CA 73-7 HUNTINGTON BEACH To Honorable Mayor F City Council Members Subject SELECTION OF CONSULTANT FOR TEWATIVE TRACT #7850, #8039 & #8040 From City Administrator -- Date Januar �11r 903� t�--~ 19il clTy The Environmental Review Board met on January 11, 1973, to consider $ proposals by three major firms to write an objective EIR for the subject tracts. The three firms considered were ranked in the following order; 1. Voorheis, Trindle & Nelson (VTN) Irvine, California 2. Boyle Engineering Santa Ana, California. 4. 3. ,Voodward-Envicon Los Angeles, California : The firms were evaluated as to their background work in coastal environmen-al and water reclamation projects, particularly those projects involving estuarine systems. A i,eview was made ,>f their respective abilities to identify technical and social issues, evaluatQ the environmental interactions, and predict the environ- mrta1 effects. The firms were further rated as to inhouse inter- j disriplz.ary sti{f. Among criteria specified for the report are the following. 1. Three separate reports will be prepared, each report will consider the other projects as related to segments of a common environment and the cumulative environmental impacts will be weighed. 2. The consultant will conduct interviews testing validity of critiques received: on the EIS submitted by Huntington Harbour. Some of the advantages- and disadvantages of the throe firms were: 1. VTN and Boyle have both agreed to meet the City's t.Liao, frame. Woodward-Envi.con woul& require L�pproximatcly four weeks to do only Phase I, which does not include preparation of an EIR. 2. 'VTN has prepared in excess of 60 EISs which include Aliso Creek and the New Orleans Airport Study involving computer modeling 01 a complex brackish water estuary system. January 12, 1973 CA 73-7 Page 2 3. The fees for VTN and Boyle were very similar. Y RECOMMENDATION City Council concur with the selection of VTN as author of th. EIR on Tract #7850, #8039 and #8040 pursuant to ordinances #1800 and #V12. Respectfully s�, ; tted, a David D. Rowlands City Administrator DDR/gbs i6 IV t 1% consolidated Inc. ENGiNIEERS ARCHITECTS PLANNERS 2301 CAMPUS DRIVE, IRVINE, CALIFORNIA 92664 (714) 833-2450 (P.O. BOX 1890, NEWPORT BEACH, CALIFORNIA 92660) January 15, 1973 Mr. Richard Harlow Chairman, Environmental Review Board City of Huntington Beach P. 0. Box 190 Huntington Beach, California 92648 Ref: (1) draft Environmental Impact Statement for Huntington Harbour Tract 8039, dated December 13, 1972 12 Hun.tington Harbour Tract 8040, dated December 1972 3 Huntington Harbour Tract 7850, dated December 18, i972 Dear Mr. Harlow: We are pleased that your Board has selected VTN to prepare the city's Environmental Impact Reports (EIR) for Tracts 7850, 8039 and 8040 in Huntington Harbour. Pursuant to the conversation on Thursday, January 11, 197, between Mr. Thomas Severns of your Board and Dr. Paul Epley of our company, we would, at this time, like to pre- sent., a more specific and detailed scope of work to be performed by VTN. 1) First, VTN will present -a complete and unbiased assessment of the probable environmental impacts (beneficial and adverse) that would result from the construction and operation of Tracts 7850 8039 and 8040 as delineated by tract plans and ('ascribed on ref- erences 1, 2 and 3. It should be noted at this tirrre that VTN has performed wank for one of the developers (Christiana Companies, Inc.). However, this relationship will in no way affect the quality or integrity c7f the proposed,-EIR's. These will be public documents whose contents and implications must be defensible in a court of law. The reports .gill include resumes of VTN staff assigned to the project and data presented will be carefully documented. 2) The EIR for Tract 7850 will be presented to the city for review three weeks following authorization to proc4ed; and Tracts 8039 and 8040 will be tendered within four weeks. 3) VTN will provide 50 copies of each EIR and will give presenta- tions at a maximum of three public meetings. 4) VTN will prepare new EIRs incorporating existing data, and developing npw data, particularly with regard to those areas indicat%..d as "poor" ,or "fair" on the enclosed matrix. The final reports will be in compliance with guidelines o both the pity of Huntington Beach and the State. of California. Mr. Richard Marlow January 15, i973 Page 2 5) Per our proposal of January 10, 1973 we will complete the reports for a lump sum of $10,600 payable within thirty days of the submission of the final reports. 6) We propose that this transmittal, together with our proposal dated 10 January 1973, serve as a professional agreement as to the scope of n. rk, relative time frame and compensation. If the terms of the agreement are satisfactory, we would appreciate the return of a signed copy for our files. We are looking forward to assisting you on this most interesting project and hope we can be of further assistance on future projects. Very truly yours, VTN CONSOLIDATED INC. Curtis E. Spencer, P.E. Director Environmental Sciences Enclooure CES:ae Accepted by c Title Date k-- n- 7 C I#Xh OF HUNT INGT ON DF ATTEST Y APPROVED AS. TO FORM RR P. City Att y Vtrl, Mr. Richard Harlow January 15, 1973. Page 2 5) Per our proposal of January 10, 1973 we will complete the reports for a lump sum of $10,600 payable within thirty days of the submission of the final reports. 6) We propose that this transmittal, together with our proposal dated 10 January 1973, serve as a professional agreement as to the scope of work, relative :ime frame and compensation. If the terms of the agreement are satisfactory, we would appreciate the return of a signed copy for our files. We are looking forward to assisting you on this most interesting project and hope we can be of further assistance on future projects. Very truly yours, VTN CONSOLIDATED INC. Curtis E. Spencer, P.E. Director Environmental Sciences Enclosure CESae Accepted by__, `, : Titl e �`=k�' iT�t Date CTT ;4a_ Mi TUGTON ' iE yo ATTEST DON P. FXI APRROV�R A$ TO FORM City Atty :;onsolidated Inc. ENGINEERS ARCHITECTS PLANNERS 2301 CAMPUS DRIVE, IRVINE, CALIFORNIA 92664 (714) 833.2450 (P.O. BOX 1890, NEWPORT BEACH, CALIFORNIA 92660) January 10, 1973 Mr. T. Severns Secretary to Environmental Review Board City of Huntington Beach P. 0. Box 190 Huntington Beach, CA 92648 Lear Mr. Severns: VTN is pleased to present herewith our proposal to prepare three environmental impact statements for proposed developments in Huntingtor Harbour. We have care- fully developed this proposal based upon available source material, public comments and concerns, and the requirements of the City of Huntington Beach. VTN is most qualified to undertake these studies. We have been intimately involved in a number of controversial projects marked by environmental group or individual protests and actual or potential court action. In each case we have completed an impact statement that has been acceptable to both parties, even though objections to the projects may remain. These studies include: 1. Environmental Assessment. Pollution Abatement Project, Las Vegas Wash and Bay, for the Las Vegas Valley Water Distr.ct. 2. Environmental Impact Statement for Aliso Creei, 3. Environmental Impact Statement for the Church of Perfect Liberty property (EIS prepared pursuant to court order for proposed development in Santa Monica Mountains open space). 4. Environmental ;Assessment for Sea Village, Santa Barbara. 5. Environmental Impact Statement for New Orleans_ Metropolitan Airport, to be located in Lake Ponchartrain. VTN has just completed an EIS for a portion of Dana Point Harbor, and is now begin- ning a more comprehensive study for the remaining ut.developed areas of the harbor for the County of Orange. Also, we prepared an EIS for the City of Huntington Beach Adams -Delaware Storm Drain project to meet Regional Water Quality Control Board concerns. A Mr. T. Severns oanuary 10, 1973 Page 2 These projects have given us a strong background in coastal environmental work in Orange County. Some of the other 60 plus EIS's that VTN has completed also involved coastal considerations, particularly our current New Orleans Airport EIS which involves computer modeling of a complex brackish water estuary system. The project team for the Huntington Harbour reports will be directed by, and public testimony presented by, Paul J. Epley, Ph.D. Dr. Epley received his doctorate in biology from the University of Southern California. Prior to joining VTN, Dr. Epley designed and coordinated the Navy's biological survey of Pearl Harbor. Since join- ing VTN, he has directed the n"eparation of numerous impact statements (including Dana Point) and has represent- the firm at numerous public presentations and hear- ings. In formulating our budgets and schedules, we have made a thorough review of the impact statements prepared by EIR Inc. We have evaluated each point in terms of its adequacy and useability, estimating the amount of effort required to satisfy the public concerns and legal requirements. Based upon this analysis, we propose to prepare the three environmental impact reports for a total lump sum fee of $10,600, including publishing 25 copies of each report, and presentations +t a maximum of three public meetings. We oropose to submit our EIR's for City review according to the following schedule: Tract 7850, 3 weeks following authorization to proceed; and Tracts 8039 and, 8040, 4 weeks following authorization to proceed Enclosed are staff resumes and a list of some of the major environmental impact statements completed by VTN for public agencies. If you have ar,y further ques- tions, please call me at 893-7548. Very truly yours, VTN CONSOLIDATED, INC. Curtis E. Spencer Director Environmental Sciences CES;mt AP_P-RO,VZD A$ TO FORM A or DQK PBONF -. Mayo City Attorney __ ATTEST DIRECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CURTIS E. SPENCER CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIVISION University of Rochester, New York Registered Civil Engineer: California Member: American Society of Civil Engineers American, Public Works Association Orange County Water Association As Director of Environmental Sciences for VTN, Mr. Spencer is responsible for all environmental astssments, Environmental impact Statements, and environmental research projects undertaken by the fs-irv, This includes presentations and testimony at public hearings, coordinating with federal, state, and ',oral agencies, meeting with environmental groups, a tablishing work programs for environmental studies, ad insuring comprehensive objectivity in completes statements. In addition, Mr, Spencer is involved in :ordinating the efforts of a wide range of professionals including biologists, ecologists, meteorologists, sociologists, economists, archaeologists, and various engineering disciplines, including acoustics, Mr. Spencer recently directed a team of consultants in preparing a complex environmental assessment covering both the ,Amended Interim Water Quality Management Plan for the Las Vegas Vailey Water District, and the construction of the recommended project contained in the Plan. Nine major alternatives were evaltl tegf gnu rnrrS?ent311s! in clos� co-op—+raticm, will Una a Ply a5 paft of a seleciion process to implement a regional wastewater management system alleviating pollution of Las Vegas Wash and Lake Mead. Another recent environmental study covered transportation, flood control, water conservation, and open space preservation along a three mile reach of Aliso Creek in Orange County, California. Mr. Spencer directed a joint venture in the preparation of this study, which evaluated the environmental effects of five alternative creek development actions and a multitude of highway alternatives. He is responsible for numerous other studies, both completed and underway. Both as Project Manager and as Manager of the Flood Control and Drainage Department, Mr. Spencer managed a number of complex interdisciplinary studies and designs. He directed professional engineers, designers, and consultants in the preparation of master plans of drainage, flood control facility designs, natural greenbelt channel designs, and natural floodplain studies. He has a strong background in working with federal and state agencies on environmental and engineering projects, He is famih► ,r with a wide variety of federal funding programs and impact statement requirements, and has assisted clients in obtaining federal, state, and local project financing through program identification, application preparation, and environmental impact statement preparation. Mr. Spencer is experienced in the digital modeling of the behavior of natural river systems during varied environmental conditions. He has also been instrumental in developing an impressive library of computer` programs which model responses in water resor+rces and structural systems. Prior to joining VTN, Mr, Spencer worked with the California Division of Highways in the Freeway Des;gn and Drainage Special Studies Sections, in these positions he designed freeway projects, prepared engineering exhibits and testimony for court actions, investigated and recommended disposition of citizen compliants, x and prepared procedural outlinesfor departmental use. k ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES PAUL j. EPLEY, Ph.D. CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIVISION University of Southern California, B.A., Zoology University of Southern California, Ph.D., Biology University of Southern California, Graduate Courses, School of Engineering Member; Phi Sigma, National Biology Honorary, Past President American Environmental Institute, Technical Vice President American Society of Zoologists American Association for the Advancement of Scienca Smithsonian Associate Citizens Advisory Committee, Research and Planning, Los Angeles Unified School District As Assistant Director of Environmental Engineering for VTN, Dr. Epley is responsible for insuring quality and integrity in all environmental assessments, environmental impact statements, and environmental research projects undertaken by the firm. His duties require the coordination and integration of efforts of a wide range of professionals, inch,, i- 'biologists, meteorologists, sociologists, economists, physicists, archaeologists, and various engine:; ,g disciplines to insure comprehensive objentivity in completed statements. Further, his activities include coordination with federal, state, and local agencies, meeting with environmental groups and other concerned citizens, and making presentations and giving testimony on behalf of the client at public hearings. Prig to joining VTId, Dr. Epley was, senior ecologist flit the U.S, Naval Environmental Protection Data Base Office at Port Huenemt, .r ,;fornia. Hu was project engineer responsible for methode and techniques, `ruments and instru ,ent vstems, and instrument adaptation for the Navy Environmental Data Adection Effort.. His responsibilities included the design and coordination of the Navy's Biological Survey of Pearl Harbor contracted to the Applied Biology Group of the NAVAL UNDERSEA CENTER HAWAI I LABORATORY. The summary report for the first Survey Cycle was completed in August, 1972. Dr. Epley's duties also included instrument acquisition and evaluation as well as method selection and adaptation for the Navy's Pearl Harbor Laboratory Chemical and Physical Data Collection Effort. After lengthy dialogue with the EPA and Army Corps of Engineers to secure necessary permits, Dr. Epley wrote the specifications and negotiated the contract with the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office for the Dredge Spoil Study being conducted at Mayport, Florida. Earlier, Dr. Epley was Environmental Consultant to the City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, He conducted a study of the Department's effects on the environment and his report together with recommendations was adopted and implemented by the Board of Public Works, He prepared environmental impact studies for the City on proposed storm drain projects, street widening projects and heliports. He testified before the Council on the environmental effects of proposed ordinances to ban the sale of DDT and other chlorinated hydrot,arbons and prohibit the sale of phosphate containing detergents. Dr. Epley's eight years of teaching exr•;:rience include the University of Southern California, California State College at Dominguez Hills, and Cerritos College. He currently holds the rank of visiting Professor at Dominguez Hills where he has taught Ecology for the past two years, Yi PROJL( T LNGINEER WATLR RLSOURCLS LNGINEERING RICHARD B. BELL CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL LIJGIN'EERING DIVISION University of California, Los Angeles, B.S., Water Resources Engineering University of Southern California, M.S.C.E., Civil -Environmental Engineering University of Southern California, Doctoral Candidate, Environmental Sciences Relistered Civil Engineer: California Member: American Society of Civil Engineers American Water Works Association Water Pollution Control Federation American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Ecological Society of America In his capacity as Project Engineer, Mr, Bell has project responsibility for a wide variety of environmental engineering and water resource planning and level, pment projects. Types of projects include environmental impact studies, assessments, and statements, river basin and estuarine mathematical computer rr,idcling for water quality management, water basin quality studies, ,advanced water treatment studies and designs, and resource management programs; comprehensive basin management plans, water resource development studies, master water plans for public agencies, water system analysea, design of water facilities such as storage reservoirs, pumping stations, treatment plants, irrigation systems, aqueducts and, pipelines, and distribution systems; and financing studies, Mr. Bell °s,isted In the ~reparation of the City of Inglewood; Water Treatment Facility Study, in which he was responsible for the crater quality enhancement investigations and preliminary design for the 2J-MGD, $2,9 million water treatment facility. In addition, Mr. Bell was responsible for the preparation of a Master Plan for Water System Development for the 70,000-acre, West Valley County Water District in Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County, and preparation of a Water Resources Investigation and Water System Master Plan for the City of Banning. Mr. Bell was also responsible for the preparation of several environmental impact statements, including an environmental inpact statement for the High Desert County Water District, involving an assessment of the potential environmental impacts from water system improvements as indicated from a Master Plan. Prior to joining VTN, Mr. Bell spent five years with that _Department of Water and Power, City of Los Angeles, While in the Source Water Quality Control Section, Sanitary Engineering Division) Water System, he was responsible for water quality investigations for the Owens Valley. Among some of the reports he prepared were: Mammoth Basin Water Quality Study; Recreational Use and Effect on Water Quality, Lake Crowley; the Owens Valley Mono Basin Water Quality Master Plan Compendium; and Arsenic Occurrence in the Owens Valley, Earlier, Mr, Bell spent three and a half years in the Master Plan Section, Water Engineering Design Division. While there, he participated in the preparation of the can Fernando Valley and Los Angeles Harbor Area Water Supply Master plans, was responsible for the hydraulic design for a 40-million gallon multiple tank peaking storage reservoir (Kittridge Tanks); prepared hydrauk data for the Van Norman 99-inch bypass line; and designed the 1,000•cubic feet per second capacity inlet flow i;o:ntrol and energy dissipation structure to the Van Norman Bypass Reservoir, In e,;rlicr assignments with the Department of Water and Power, Mr, Bell was involved in water use slut; :s, right -of' -way, and geodetics for the second Los Angeles Aqueduct, and small distribution system design. V� MICHAEL N. KING ENViRONM,ENTAL ENGINEER CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIVISION California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, B.S., Civil Engineering California State University, Long Beach, Graduate School of Civil Engineering;, Sanitat'y Option University of California at Irvine, Professional Courses in the School of Environmental Biology Member: American Society of Civil Engineers in his position as Environmental Engineer, Mr. King is involved in the preparation of all environmental assessments, Environmental Impact Statements and research projects for the Civil and Environmental Engineering Division, and coordinates the preparation of similar statements by other VTN divisions. LI addition, he is engaged in various flood mitigation and water resources pL.rining and development projects, includira, special hydrologic, hydraulic and environmental analyses of flood plains, master drainage plans, and river marinz developments, Mr. King was responsible for the preparation of environmcia,?I impact statements for the Green Valley Lake sewage collection system and the San Bernardino County Service Area 79 interceptor sewer line_, and also participated in the Aliso Creek EIS, which involved the evaluation 4 impacts for five alternate florid protection and highway crossing treatments of a three-mile reach of urban watercourse, He is familiar with NEPA and CEQ guidelines, which form the basis of these and similar environmental statements. As a hydrologist and engineering designer with the Flood Control & Drainage Department, Mr. King participated in various phases of design of major storm drain projects, preparation of master drainage plans, sediment transport studies, and development of computer simulation programs for watershed Oydrology, flood plain and storm channel hydraulics, and analysis of complex natural and man-made hydraulic systems. Prior to joining VTN, Mr. King was employed in the Water Conservation Division of Los Angeles County Flood Control District where he conducted .hydrologic studies and determined criteria for storm drain bond issue preparation, He was also involved in the design of seawater intrusion barrier injection projects, spreading grounds, water transmission systems, and conducted stu,iies relating to flocculation and percolation rates for runoff waters. Earlier, Mr. King was a Civil Engineering Tecrnician with the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, where he participated in studies of nutrient removal from waste waters, reverse osmosis and activated carbon treatment reclamation methods nd ammonia -nitrogen removal from secondary effluents, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES BERNARD A. MANISCALCO CIVIL & ENViRONME' .AL ENGINEERING DIVISION California State University, San Diego, B.S. Zoology California State University, San Diego, M.S, Biology California Teaching Credential: Biological Sciences Mr. Maniscalco's responsibilities at VTN include the research and preparation of Environmental Impact Statements, Prior to his association with VTN, Mr. Maniscalco was employed by th(' Gaunty of San Diego Environmental Development Agency (EDA) in the Integrated Regional Environmental Management (IREM) Project where he performed environmental studies, developed rucurnmendatiuns, a,sistcd with thou intpleme.,tation of the Natural Resource Inventory, and researched material for Development Planning. In addition, he assisted the City of San Diego, Community Development Department in the construction of the City's guidelines for processing LoviionmLntal Impact Statetnenls and in a quantitative assessment study of environmental impact of three proposed dc-�elopmcots. During his undergraduate and graduate work, Mr. Maniscalco participated in field Studies directed at different ecosystems in their interaction with each other. Thee studies included the wildlife and plant communities in the Rocky Mountains near Aspen, Colorado; San Diego area studies in conducting chemical evaluations of the forest floor with reference to the environment necessary for the germination of gametes from the overstory trees, general, vege,ative LUVO with emphasis placed on the degree of weed encroachment in areas disturbed by ma�,; analyzing the effects of natural disturbances on the plants in the mountains; and Aquatic Biology studies )f the aquatic environment and stage of development of lakes in San Diego County. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES FRED PROBY CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIVISION University of California, Santa Barbara; B.A., Environmental Biology Member: Ventura County Marine Biology Institute Western Society of Naturalists Sierra Club As an Environmental Assistant for VTN, Mr. Peoby is responsible for the research and preparation of Environmental Impact Statements. This involw:is description of the land resources, water resources a resources, and Mological resources of the area aJ region under consideration, and evaluation of the effects of a proposed project on these and other relevant factors. Mr. Proby is a certified SCUBA diver participating in the marine biology phase of the firm's environmental projects. Mr. rroby has a broad educational background in the Biological and Physical Scicoces including courses in California Native Plants, Plant Ecology, Natw.,i' History of Vertebrates, Entomology, Geology, and Climatology. As an active member of the Ventura County Marine Biology Institute he did a study of the Eelgrass Community in Mugu Lagoon, a quantitative study of Marine Zooplankton in the waters around the Richfield Oilwell Island, and a survey of the tidepool life in Ventura County. While at Ventura Junior College, he was active in a citizens group bringing about the removal of a pipeline dumping industrial wastes onto the beach at the Ventura River mouth. He was able to demonstrate damage to the marin- life for the Regional Water Quality Control Board by comparing his previous tidepool study with existing tidepool conditions in the area. At U.C. Santa Barbara he did research on culturing and transpl,,,.nting kelp. He also took part in an ecolcaical study of the Chaparral Community of Dos Pueblos Canyon in the Santa Ynez Mountains. RICHARD M. HOLBROOK ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIVISION University of California, Berkeiey University of California, Santa Barbara, B.A. Environmental Biology In his position with VTN, Mr. Holbrook is involved with the investigation and compilation of Biological Inventories, and the preparation of Environmenta! Assessments of Biological impacts for extensive and comprehensive environmental impact statements. Mr. Holbrook *was responsible for the preparation of a number of environmental impact statements including statements for the Alpha Beta Shopping Center in Laguna Niguel, the Park Niguel Residential housing Development, The Grant Company Housing Development in San Clemente, and the Oceanside Housing Development in Dana Point. Prior to joining VTN, M . Holbrook was associated with the Alameda County Planning Department. He was responsible for coordinating and integrating a broad range of data necessary to the decision making processes of the department. He conducted special studies on County tax revenues as related to density and land use and developed internal organizational and procedural guidelines. Earlier, Mr. Holbrook was associated with the California Division of Highways. He was responsible for conducting traffic flow studies, surveying, and designing portions of Los Angeles freeways and arterial highways. His varied academic background includes extensive studies in the taxonomy and physiology of plants, biochemistry of plant metabolism, natural history of vertebrates, theory of ecology and ecological genetics, human ecology, physical anthropology, archaeology, and architectural design. YT6 El C ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES SUMMARY OF PROJECTS V VTN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES SUMMARY OF PROJECTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT NEW ORLEANS REGIONAL AIRPORT FACILITY NEW ORLEANS, LOUiSIANA VTN has recently initia'.ed preparation of a major environmental impact statement for the New Orleans Aviation Board, The environmental study covers three feasible sites for a new regional airport to serve an anticipated 21.5 million passengers annually by t;ie year 2000. One possible site involves construction of an offshore island in the shallow estuary set ing of Lake Pontchartrain, the second requires extensive filling o; _wampland and part of Lake Mauiep:s, and the third involves expansion of existing Moisant Field, presently bordered by intense urban development. The preferred site, in .ake Pontchartrain, would cost 300 to 400 million dollars to construct, replacing Moisant Field as the primary commercial aviation facility in the area. The study schedule allows a full year for ecological and meteorological research in the estuary —svvam p I and areas to enable monitoring of seasonal phenomena. The environmental statement will consider changes in the estuary ecology, air quality, noise exposure, influences on area growth and economy, sociological impacts, peripheral transportation facilities and their impacts, and effects on regional utility systems. Because of ',ts magnitude and complexity, this study will comprise a milestone in the United States, serving as a guideline for studies that follow. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT w• LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA VTN was the lead firm in a consortium of specialists which prepared an Environmental Assessment of 90 million dollar regional wastewater systems for the Las Vegas Valley Water District, EPA instituted enforcement proceedings aainst numerous municipal and industrial polluters of Las Vegas Wash and Lake Mead, and the Nevada State Legislature des; 'inated the Las Vegas Valley Water District as the agency responsible for coordinating a regional solution to the problem, The VTN consortium prepared the assessment to cover nine alternative plans for wastewater management involving combinations of tertiarytreatment, desalinization, injection to aquifers, irrigation, export over 20 miles for large-scale evaporation, and recycling for domestic reuse. St)ccial concerns included maintaining the riparian habitat of Las Vegas Wash, presently nourished by secondary treated effluent; investigating percolation potential at the dry lake evaporation areas; evaluating impacts on groundwater quant cy and quality resulting from irrigation with effluent; and analyzing impacts of the alternatives on Lake Mead and the Colorado River System, Close coordination was maintained with EPA ar-' the public to insure preparation of an assessment both responsive to community concerns and useable by CPA as the federal Environmental impact Statement required by NEPA. V� ENVIRONMENTAL'IMPACT STATEMENT ORANGE COUNTY, ALISO CREEK CALIFORNIA VTN prepared an environmental impact statement for the Orange County Flood Control District and the Orange County Road Department on alternative methods of flood control, water conservation, open space preservation, and transportation along Aliso Creek near El Toro, California Concrete channelization, flood plain preservation, multiple use retarding basins, and step -sided accessible floodways were assessed in the study, Transportation demands across the corridor, rapidly increasing due to conversion of agriculture' lands to residential use, and pedestrian -equestrian -cyclist demands along the creek were considered in the environmental impact statement. The alternative adopted by the County Planning Commission features significar,i open space and multiple use areas, a maximum preservation of natural flood plains consistent with flood plains consistent with '.'food protection requirements, and coordination with plans for local parks. Development of the study featured periodic open meetings with local citizens groups, conservation organizations, land owners, and public agencies. PROPOSED MARINA VEGAS CLARK COUNTY, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSES NEVADA V-fN prepared detailed environmental impact analyses for a marina comprised ov over 16 miles of channels proposed as part of a $60,000,000 development adjacent to the Colorado River in southern Nevada. VTN developed computer models of the marina channels and the river to predict flow characteristics in the interconnected water bodies caused by rapidly changing discharges from power generation installations at Davis Dam on the Colorado River. Additional computer models were designed to trace the flow of individual increments of water in the river -marina system through various operational alternatives. The results were analyzed to provide indications of the environment of the marina itself and the marina's effects on the Colorado River relative to water temperature, sediment transport, turbidity, maximum velocities, flushing actions, oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, hydrogen ion concentrations, phosphate concentrations, sali'iity and other &emical quality parameters. A paper on the environmental analysis was presented at the National Water Resources Engineering Meeting of the American Society of Civil -'ngineers in Phoenix, Arizona in January, 1971. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT KANEWHA COUNTY, FOR U.S. ROUTE 60 WESTVIRGINIA VTN prepared a comprehensive environmental impact statement under the provisions of PL 91-190 covering construction of seven miles of U.S. Highway 60 in Kanewha County, West. Virginia. Six alignments and a "no action" alternative were studied prior to a final route selection. The desired traffic c4 encompassed !ow -lying river frontage and high ridge areas, generally parallel to the Kanewha River, kesearch on the various alignments within the corridor encompassed stream biota, hydraulic characteristics, fish and wildlife values, socioeconomic factors, air, noise, and water pollution, as well as user benefits and potential environmental enhancements. Highland routes involving extensive cut and fill, river encroaching alignments, the no -action alternative, and other alignments were rejected due tv environmental factors, adverse user benefits, or intolerable socio-economic impacts. A specially designed terrain -hugging lowland route affecting a r'mited number o- residences and incorporating special environmental enhancement features was finally adopted. Additionally, construction will be conducted within limited time frames to avoid interference with fish spawr' in the river, and will include provision of temporary check dams and special channelization to control turbidity and sediment transport. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT - GREEN VALLEY LAKE SEWAGE COLLECTION SYSTEM SAN BERNf.RDIN(? COUNTY, CALIFORNIA The community of Green Valley Lake and surrounding national forest recreational areas are formulating a special assessment district to provide sewerage facilities and eliminate waste discharges from existing septic tank and leaching systems. The proposed sewage collection system will result in impacts due to construction noise and vibration from rock blasting, air quality reductions from construction equipment exhaust and dust, disposal of construction spoil, disruption of vehicular and pedestrian traffic, removal of some existing vegetation, improvement of groundwater and surface water quality, and alteration of wildlife and bird habitats. Specific mitigation measures were examined for each adverse impact, possible environmental enhancement through landscaping was evaluated; and the effects of increased residential and commercial growth upon neighborhood socioeconomic value were evaluated. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT BIG HORN COUNTY, INTERSTATE ROUTE 9rD MONTANA VTN has prepared an impact statement for 23 miles of interstate 90 in southeastern Montana. Several alignments including a no improvement alternative were studied, with regards to their impact on human and natural environments. Social values received particular emphasis since the selected route will pass through the Crow Indian Reservation and will pass near Lodge Grass and Wyola, Montana, and Parkman, Wyoming. The statement included specific recommendations to prevent erosion and consequent water pollution and measures to prevent air pollution during the construction phase. Increased user benefits, local safety enhancement, and air and noise pollution reduction on the existing high speed two-lane highway were major positive factors in favor of the project's construction. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT -- OLD TOWN STORM DRAIN SYSTEM HUNTINGTON BEACH, CALIFORNIA VTN provided an independent disclosure of physical, aesthetic and socio-economic impacts resulting from aproposed urban storm drain system in Huntington Beach. Land use enhancement opportunities wore investigated in the 550 acre project area, which =xperiences flooding problems many times each year. Property damage, health and sanitary hazards, mosquito proliferation, and decreased development activity will all be alleviated, Impacts such as construction -related noise, vibration, dust, air -pollution, traffic and pedestrian disruptions, effects on groundwater levels and surface water quality, and possible overburdening of local school facilities due to increased growth were considered, Special emphasis was placed on the disclosure and mitigation of impacts on the coastal tidal prism resulting from possible introduction of silt -laden and oil -carrying storm runoff. DEMONSTRATION PROJECT SANITARY LANDFILL ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA VTN has developed, and is assisting in the implementation of, a comprehensive solid waste management i )gram for the high water table environment prevalent in central Florida, After careful study of the potential impacts of a sanitary landfill in such areas, VTN prepared a successful demonstration grant application to the Bureau of Solid Waste Management of the Environmental Protection Agency on behalf of Orange County. The project, under the direction of VTN staff, is designed to develop methods and techniques for minimizing environmental impacts in high water table areas, The project includes extensive experimental work on surface and groundwater pollution monitoring and control techniques in order to carefully evaluate the effectiveness of the impact mitigation techniques. n ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FLORIDA STATE ROUTE 44 VOLUSiA COUNTY, FLORIDA VTN has prepared a draft environmental impact stateme-it for the construction of a 3.3 rnile relocation of State Route 44 in Voiusia County, Florida. The stat( nent presents evaluations of three alternatives including a no project alternative, and presents analyse, of human and natural environmental impacts caused by the project. A particular aspect of the construction, namely the problem of removing and disposing of unsuitable material and the excavation and import of adequate material, is handled in some depth. Recommendations for disposal limitations and restrictions are made, and methods of obtaining suitable material and utilizing the borrow area for recreational pursuits are presented. The statement also summarizes the project benefits and recommends visual enhancement through speciai structural designs and carefully planned landscaping. ENVIRONMENTAL. IMPACTSTATEMI:NT SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS INTLRCI.I'l OR SEWER -CALIFORNIA V'I N prepared a draft environmental impact statement for an interceptor sewer extending from the proposed Green Valley Lake sewage collection system to the Running Springs Sewage Treatment Plant, San Bernardino County, California, The interceptor line will consist of about S miles of buried pipeline, at lerst two pumping stations, most of which will be within the right-of-way of a state highway and a busy two-lane mountain road. A determination of the project's impact concentrated upon an assessment of noise, vibrations, dust, air pollution, and traffic disruptions along the state highway and the local road, with particular concern for the ecology of a heavily vegetated perennial watercourse. Long-term impacts and related mitigation measures were identified, with emphasis on existing landforms and the riparian ecosystems of the perennial watercourse. The environmental impact statement conformed to guidelines of the State Water Resources Control Board and NEPA, and will be used as a basis for public hearings to resolve conflicts and local controversy, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS CULVER CITY, ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION CALIFORNIA This project involved a : :,i, rmination of the environmental impact of a Southern California. Edison Company electrical distribution facility on an urban neighborhood (Culver City, California). The principal adverse impacts of the proposed improvements wer,r fo,,ad to be visual and aesthetic, since equipment designs precluded noise or air pollution sources from the site. VTN developed impact mitigation techniques including carefully determined routings for power lines, protective grading, screening and landscping to create environmental enhancement, and evaluated the relationship of the improvements to present and projected land uses. The project illustrates that careful design of normally unsightly facilities In relationship to their natural setting can result in an environmental enhancement, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT — BROWARD COUNTY, DEERFiELD PARKWAY FLORIDA VTN prepared a draft environmental impact statement as part of the Parkway Corridor Location Study for ten miles of Deerfield Parkway in North Broward County, Florida. The statement considered natural, social, and economic impacts for four alternate alignments within the two mile corridor, in addition to evaluating a "no project" alternative, The completed six-larre parkway will include a reserved corridor for rapid transit purposes and a passenger terminal. The environmental impact statement recommended special pollution control measures during construction, and outlines criteria for selective clearing to preserve a maximum amoun! of existing vegetation for its aesthetic values in relationship to the parkway theme. van ENVIRONMENTAL OVERLAY STUDY DENVI_R, INTERSTATE 80SOUTH COLORADO V-rN prepared a "! ocation and Preliminary D"ign Study of Interstate 80 South [ ten ism" ui the Denver, Colorado, area for the Colorado Division of Highways. The study encompassed a five and one-half mile semi -urban corridor and incorporated an environmental overlay study in order to help select a route with minimum social and environmental impact, The study encompassed wildlife, recreation and scenic values, land, institutional, and residential values, and physical factors including flood plains, swamps, highwater tables, natural slopes, and susceptibility to erosion. The recommended route was selected from seven alternate rr rtes with additional variations. The report also recommended landscaping techniques, greenbelt concepts, and noise and erosion reduction measures to lessen the natural and social impacts of the projects. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT YUCAIPA, YUCAIPA VALLEY COUNTY WATER DISTRICT CALIFORNIA VTN prepared a draft environmental impact statement for an interceptor sewer treatment plant and outfall facilities for the Yucaipa Valley County Water District, The impact statement for this 3.6 million dollar project conformed to guidelines of both the State Water Resources Control Board and NEPA and meets the requirements necessary to qualify the project for funding under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and the California State Clean Water Bond Act. -rho EIS disclosed pos5ible short term effects of construction as well as long term considerations of land commitment, air pollution, aesthetics and ground water quality. Alternatives and mitigating measures were also identified.