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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 3452 - Amending Campaign Contribution Limitation al �8 &wir d17'L� Council/Agency Meeting Held: Deferred/Continued to: 0-Approved ❑ Conditionally Apprc -nrl ❑ Denied _ Oy Clerk's Signature Council Meeting Date: January 18, 2000 Depa ment ID Number: 99-24 ydo-4eW W. o• 341,62 6-/ AWera-6se. r CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH REQUEST FOR ACTION =µ SUBMITTED TO: HONORABLE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL MEMEBERS - --�" 0 SUBMITTED BY: eGA'IL HUTTON, City Attorney d > -60 PREPARED BY: ' GAIL HUTTON, City Attorne 5 Fl rya SUBJECT: Adopt Ordinance Amending Limitation on Campaign Contribu i ns:> Statement of Issue,Funding Source,Recommended Action,Alternative Action(s),Analysis,Environmental Status,Attachment(s) Statement of Issue: Whether to revise the City Campaign Reform law to conform with current administrative practice, allowing for the pooling of contributions. Funding Source: No funds are required. Recommended Action: Introduce and adopt Ordinance No. 3115Z. amending the campaign contribution limitation of the City of Huntington Beach Campaign Reform Law. Alternative Action(s): Do not introduce the Ordinance. Analysis:: In 1995, the City Council requested a written report from the City Attorney's office regarding whether the Council should amend the current Huntington Beach Campaign Reform Law to more closely resemble the Orange County Campaign Reform Law and to address any infirmities in the law that were identified in the litigation entitled Righeimer v. City of Huntington Beach. In February of 1996, that report was provided to the Council. (Attachment No. 2.) It recommended an amendment to the Campaign Reform Law to codify an existing administrative interpretation, which allows for joint, independent expenditures to publish advertisements that exceeded the contribution limit, provided that no individual exceeded the contribution limit. However, the Council did not amend the ordinance at that time. Since then, we have been notified that the City of Irvine has been sued on similar grounds as were raised in the Righeimer case. Although the City Attorney believes that the City has administratively cured any potential infirmity with the City's ordinance, it is still recommended that Council actually amend the law to reflect this administrative interpretation. Consequently it is recommended that the Council adopt Ordinance No. 3 452 , which is attached as Attachment No. 1. This ordinance will provide that the City limits contributions by individuals and committees to under$300, but that individuals and committees may pool expenditures. REQUEST FOR ACTION MEETING DATE: January 18, 2000 DEPARTMENT ID NUMBER: 99-24 Environmental Status: N/A Attachment(s): City Clerk's . . • NumberDescription 1 Ordinance No. 5z 2 February 1996 report RCA Author: SFF 99-24-Campaign Ordinance -2- 01/05/00 4:57 PM 5 ORDINANCE NO. 3 4 5 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH AMENDING SECTION 2.07.050(b) OF THE HUNTINGTON BEACH MUNICIPAL CODE REGARDING THE CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTION L'IMITATON OF THE CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH CAMPAIGN REFORM LAW WHEREAS, the City Council adopted in 1994 the "City of Huntington Beach Campaign Reform Law"; and The purpose of the Campaign Reform Law is to ensure that the financial strength of certain individuals or organizations would not permit them to exercise a disproportionate or controlling influence on the election of City candidates. To achieve such purpose, the Campaign Reform Law was designed to reduce the influence of large contributions,to ensure that multiple contributions in excess of the contribution limits do not originate from the same source of funds, to ensure that individuals and interest groups continue to have a fair and equal opportunity to participate in electing City candidates, and to maintain public trust in governmental institutions and the electoral process; and The City was sued in the case entitled Righeimer, et al. v. City of Huntington Beach, U.S.D.C., Central District of California, Case No. SACV94-676-AH5(EEx), in which the Plaintiffs alleged that Section 2.07.050(b) of the Campaign Reform Law prohibited them from making joint independent expenditures to publish advertisements to support or oppose candidates for election; and The City has interpreted Section 2107.050(b) to only limit contributions to persons and committees, and not joint independent expenditures; and The City Council is desirous of codifying this interpretation to avoid further litigation; NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach does hereby ordain as follows: 1 SF-2000 Ordinance:Campaign Contributions SECTION 1. That Section 2107.050(b) of the Huntington Beach Municipal Code is hereby amended to read as follows: "(b) Any person or committee, during the twelve (12)months preceding a City election, that makes independent expenditures or incurs obligations supporting or opposing city candidate(s) shall not accept any contribution(s) from any person in excess of the amounts set forth in Section 2.07.070 of this Chapter. This subsection does not prohibit individuals from making joint independent expenditures for purchasing advertisements and engaging in similar expressive activity, provided they pay the vendor directly and separately." SECTION 2. This codification of an existing administrative interpretation of the Campaign Reform Law should not be interpreted as excusing compliance with the California Political Reform Act, and particularly, any requirements that persons acting in concert to make joint independent expenditures to vendors are subject to the Political Reform Act's reporting requirements. 2 SF-2000 Ordinance:Campaign Contributions SECTION 3. This ordinance shall become effective thirty days after its adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach at a regular meeting thereof held on the 7th day of February , 2000. Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: 41 City Clerk City Attorney REVIEWED AND APPROVED: INITIATED AND APPROVED: Cit dministrator City Attorney 3 SF-2000 Ordinance:Campaign Contributions Ord. No. 3452 STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF ORANGE ) ss: CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH ) I, CONNIB BROCKWAY, the duly elected, qualified City Clerk of the City of Huntington Beach, and ex-officio Clerk of the City Council of said City, do hereby certify that the whole number of members of the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach is seven; that the foregoing ordinance was read to said City Council at a regular meeting thereof held on the 18th day of January, 2000, and was again read to said City Council at a re ular meeting thereof held on the 7th day of February, 2000, and was passed and adopted by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of all the members of said City Council. AYES: Julien, Sullivan, Harman, Garofalo, Green, Dettloff NOES: None ABSENT: Bauer ABSTAIN: None I,Connie Brockway CITY CLERK of the City of Huntington Beach and ex-officio Clerk of the City Council, do hereby certify that a synopsis of this ordinance has been published in the Independent on • ,19 In accordance with the City Charter of said City City Clerk and ex-officio Cletv Connie Brockway City Clerk of the City Council of the City Deputy City Clerk of Huntington Beach, California G/ordinanc/ordbkpg 2/8/00 LEGISLATIVE DRAFT CHAPTER 2.07 CAMPAIGN REFORM Sections: 2.07.010 Name 2.07.020 Purpose 2.07.030 Relation to Political Reform Act of 1974 2.07.040 Definitions 2.07.050 Campaign contribution limitations 2.07.060 Aggregation of contributions 2.07.070 Election cycle 2.07.080 Prohibition on multiple campaign committees 2.07.090 Prohibition on transfers 2.07.100 Loans to city candidates and elective city officers and their controlled committee 2.07.110 Money received by officials treated as contributions 2.07.120 Solicitation of contributions from persons who have city business dealings 2.07.130 Transmittal of campaign contributions in city office buildings 2.07.140 Disclosure of occupation and employer 2.07.150 Reporting of cumulative contributions 2.07.160 Reporting of late contributions 2.07.170 Criminal misdemeanor actions 2.07.180 Civil actions 2.07.190 Injunctive relief 2.07.200 Cost of litigation 2.07.210 Statute of limitations 2.07.220 Applicability of other laws 2.07.230 Severability 2.07.240 Interpretation of chapter 2,07.250 Amendments and additional requirements 2.07.260 Effective date 2.07.010 Name. This Chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "City of Huntington Beach Campaign Reform Law." (3220-1/94) 2.07.020 Purpose. The purpose of this Chapter is to ensure that the financial strength of certain individuals or organizations does not permit them to exercise a disproportionate or controlling influence on the election of City candidates. To achieve such purpose, this Chapter is designed to reduce the influence of large contributions, to ensure that multiple contributions in excess of the contribution limits do not originate from the same source of funds, to ensure that individuals and interest groups continue to have a fair and equal opportunity to participate in electing City candidates, and to maintain public trust in governmental institutions and the electoral process. (3220-1/94) 2.07.030 Relation to Political Reform Act of 1974. This Chapter is intended to supplement the Political Reform Act of 1974. Unless the term is specifically defined in this Chapter, or the contrary is stated or clearly appears from the context, words and phrases shall have the same meaning as when they are used in Title 9 of the California Government Code, in which the Political Reform Act of 1974 is codified, as the same may be, from time to time amended. (3220-1/94) 2.07.040 Definitions. (3220-1/94) (a) "City Candidate" means any person who is a candidate for the city Council, City Clerk, City Treasurer, or City Attorney of the City of Huntington Beach. (3220-1/94) 1 G:SF:Legdraft:Campaign Chapter 2.07.050(b) (b) "Elective City Officer" means any person who is Mayor, a member of the City Council, City Clerk, City Treasurer, or City Attorney of the City of Huntington Beach, whether appointed or elected. (3220-1/94) (c) "Non-elected City Official" means any person who is a member of a City of Huntington Beach board, committee, or commission, and who is not elected to that position. (3220-1/94) (d) "Person" means an individual, proprietorship, firm, partnership,joint venture, syndicate, business trust, company, corporation, association, committee, and any other organization or group of persons acting in concert. (3220-1/94) 2.07.050 Campaign contribution limitations. (3220-1/94) (a) No person shall make to any City candidate or the controlled committee of any such City candidate, and no such candidate or committee shall accept from any such person, a contribution or contributions totaling more than: (3220-1/94) (1) Three hundred dollars ($300.00) in a City Council, City Clerk, City Treasurer, or City Attorney election cycle; or (3220-1/94) (2) Two hundred dollars ($200.00) in a recall election cycle. (3220-1/94) (b) Any person or committee, during the twelve(12) months preceding a City election, that makes independent expenditures or incurs obligations supporting or opposing city candidate(s) shall not accept any contribution(s)from any person in excess of the amounts set forth in Section 2.07.050(a) during the applicable time periods as set forth in Section 2.07.070 of this Chapter. This subsection does not prohibit individuals from making joint independent expenditures for purchasing advertisements and engaging in similar expressive activity, provided they pay the vendor directly and separately. (c) The provision of this section shall not apply to a candidate's contribution of his or her personal funds to his or her own campaign committee. (3220-1/94) 2.07.060 Aggregation of contributions. For purposes of the limitations in this Chapter, the following shall apply: (3220-1/94) (a) All contributions made by a sponsored committee to a City candidate or to an elective City officer(or to a committee controlled by such candidate or officer) shall be combined with those contributions made by the sponsor(s) of the committee and the combined amount,shall not exceed the contribution limits specified in Section 2.07.050 within the applicable time periods set forth in Section 2.07.070 of this Chapter. (3220-1/94) (b) Two (2) or more entities shall be treated as one person when any of the following circumstances apply: (3220-1/94) (1) The entities share the majority of members of their boards of directors. (3220-1/94) (2) The entities share two (2) or more officers. (3220-1/94) (3) The entities are owned or controlled by the same majority shareholder or shareholders. (3220-1/94) (4) The entities are in a parent-subsidiary relationship. (3220-1/94) 2 G:S F:L.egdraft:Campai gn Chapter 2.07.050(b) (c) An individual and an., eneral or limited.partnership in which i. _ individual has a ten(10%) percent or more share, or an individual and any corporation in which the individual owns a controlling interest (fifty (50%) percent or more,) shall be treated as one person. (3220-1/94) (d) No committee which supports or opposes a City candidate shall have as a majority of its officers individuals who serve as the majority of officers on any other committee which supports or opposes the same City candidate. No such committee shall act in concert with or solicit or make contributions on behalf of any other committee. This subdivision shall not apply to treasurers of committees if these treasurers do not participate in or control in any way a decision on whether the candidate or candidates receive contributions. (3220-1/94) (e) Contributions by children under eighteen (18)years of age shall be treated as contributions by their parents. (3220-1/94) 2.07.070 Election cycle. (3220-1/94) (a) City Council, City Clerk, City Treasurer, and City Attorney Elections. For purposes of the limits of this Chapter, as applied to elections for City Council, City Clerk, City Treasurer, and City Attorney, the final date for contributions shall be December 31 of the year in which the election for the open position was held. Contributions made after the final date shall be deemed contributions for the next election cycle. (3220-1/94) (b) Examples of the Election Cycle. January 1, 1987, to December 31, 1990, was the "Election Cycle" for the 1990 election. Pursuant to Section 2.07.070 Election Cycle, the four(4)year period for purposes of applying the interpretation of the Campaign Ordinance Election Cycle 2.07.070(a) shall be as follows: (3220-1/94) Example 1. (3220-1/94) 1992 Election Cycle-Three Council Seats and City Clerk and City Treasurer: January 1, 1989 -December 31, 1992. (1) The "last election" was November 1988. (2) December 31, 1988, was the last or final date for receipt of campaign contributions for the 1988 election. (3) January 1, 1989, began the election cycle for the 1992 election. (4) December 31, 1992, ended the election cycle for the 1992 election. Example 2. (3220-1194) 1994 Election Cycle -Four (4) Council Seats and City Attorney: January 1, 1991 -December 31, 1994. (1) The "last election" was November 1990. (2) December 31, 1990, was the last or final date for receipt of campaign contributions for the 1990 election. (3) January 1, 1991, began the election cycle for the 1994 election. (4) December 31, 1994, ends the election cycle for the 1994 election. Example 3. (3220-1194) 1996 Election Cycle - Three (3) Council Seats and City Clerk and City Treasurer: January 1, 1993 -December 31, 1996. (1) The "last election" was November 1992. 3 G:SF:Legdraft:Campaign Chapter 2.07.050(b) (2) December 31, 15_ , was the last or final date for receipt o. _ anpaign contributions for the 1992 election. (3) January 1, 1993, began the election cycle for the 1996 election. (4) December 31, 1996, ends the election cycle for the 1996 election. (c)Recalls. For purposes of the limits of this Chapter, campaign contributions made at any time after a committee has been formed, pursuant to the provisions of the Political Reform Act, in support of a recall election or after the City Clerk has approved a recall petition for circulation and gathering of signatures, whichever occurs first, shall be considered contributions during a recall election cycle. A recall election cycle shall end whenever any of the following occur: (3220-1/94) (1) The recall proponents fail to return signed petitions to the City Clerk within the time limits set forth in the California Elections Code. (3220-1/94) (2) All committees formed in support of the recall have been terminated pursuant to the provisions of the Political Reform Act. (3220-1/94) (3) Ten(10) days after a recall election has been held. (3220-1/94) This section shall be interpreted to allow the maximum amount which can be contributed by any person to any candidate or anyone who has been a candidate, during a four(4)year period, to be the maximum amount specified in Section 2.07.050. (3220-1/94) 2.07.080 Prohibition on multiple campaign committees. A City candidate or an elective City officer shall have no more than one campaign committee which shall have only one bank account out of which all qualified campaign and office holder expenses related to that City office shall be made. This section does not prevent a City candidate or an elective City officer from establishing another campaign committee solely for the purpose of running for a state, federal, local, or other City office. This section also does not prevent an elective City officer from establishing another campaign committee solely for the purpose of opposing his or her own recall. (3220-1/94) 2.07.090 Prohibition on transfers. (3220-1/94) (a) No funds may be transferred into any city candidate or elective city officer's campaign committee from any other campaign committee controlled by a candidate(including said City candidate) or by an elective City officer(including said elective City officer.) (3220-1/94) (b) No City candidate and no committee controlled by a City candidate or elective City officer shall make any contribution to any other City candidate running for office or to any committee supporting or opposing a City candidate for elective City office, nor to any committee supporting or opposing a recall of an elective City officer. This section shall not prohibit a City candidate from making a contribution from his or her own personal funds to his or her own candidacy or to the candidacy of any other candidate for elective City office. (3220-1/94) The provision of this section shall not apply to the candidate or elected officer who forms a new committee for purposes of reelection to the same office and, to close out the prior committee, transfers the money or debt from the prior committee to the new committee and, in so doing, complies with all regulations of the political Reform Act of 1974, and as amended. (3220-1/94) 2.07.100 Loans to city candidates and elective city officers and their controlled committee. (3220- 1/94) (a) A loan shall be considered a contribution from the maker and the guarantor of the loan and shall be subject to the contribution limitations of this Chapter. (3220-1/94) 4 G:SF:LegdraR:Campaign Chapter 2.07.050(b) (b) Every loan to a City candidate or elective City officer or their controlled committees shall be by written agreement which shall be filed with the candidate's or committee's Campaign Statement on which the loan is first reported. (3220-1/94) (c) The proceeds of a loan made to a City candidate or elective City officer by a commercial lending institution in the regular course of business on the same terms available to members of the public shall not be subject to the contribution limitations of this Chapter if the loan is made directly to the City Candidate or elective City officer or his or her controlled committee. The guarantors of such a loan shall remain subject to the contribution limits of this Chapter. (3220-1/94) (d) Extensions of credit (other than loans pursuant to Section 2.07.100(c) for a period of more than thirty(30) days are subject to the contribution limitations of this Chapter. (3220-1/94) (e) This section shall apply only to loans and extensions of credit used or intended for use for campaign purposes or which are otherwise connected with the holding of public office. (3220-1/94) (f) The monetary limitations or provisions of this section shall not apply to a candidate's loan of his or her personal funds to his or her own campaign committee. (3220-1/94) (g) No City candidate and no committee controlled by a City candidate or elective City officer shall make any contribution to any other City candidate running for office or to any committee supporting or opposing a City candidate for elective City office, nor to any committee supporting or opposing a recall of an elective City officer. This section shall not prohibit a City candidate from making a contribution from his or her own personal funds to his or her own candidacy or to the candidacy of any other candidate for elective City office. (3220-1/94) 2.07.110 Money received by officials treated as contributions. Any funds, property, goods or services, other than government funds, received by elective City officers which are used, or intended by the donor or by the recipient to be used, for expenses (including legal expenses) related to holding public office, shall be considered campaign contributions and shall be subject to the limitations of this Chapter. Reimbursement for reasonable travel expenses related to holding public office shall be excluded from the provisions of this section. (3220-1/94) 2.07.120 Solicitation of contributions from persons who have city business dealings. No non- elected City official or City employee shall solicit, direct or receive a campaign contribution from any person, or his or her agent, who has a proceeding involving legislative or administrative action pending before the City official or employee or has had such a matter pending during the preceding twelve (12) months. This section does not apply to a non-elected City official or City employee who is a City candidate acting in furtherance of his or her own controlled committee. (3220-1/94) 2.07.130 Transmittal of campaign contributions in city office buildings. (3220-1/94) (a) No person shall receive or personally deliver or attempt to deliver a contribution in any office which the City owns or for which the City pays the majority of the rent. (3220-1/94) (b) For purposes of this section: (3220-1/94) (1) "Personally deliver" means delivery of a contribution in person or causing a contribution to be delivered in person by an agent or intermediary, other than the United States mail. (3220-1/94) 5 G:SF:Legdraft:Campaign Chapter 2.07.050(b) (2) "Receive" include.. .ne precept of a campaign contribution 6-Livered in person. (3220-1/94) 2.07.140 Disclosure of occupation and employer. No campaign contribution shall be deposited into a campaign bank account of a City candidate or elective City officer unless the disclosure information required by the Political Reform Act, including the name, address, occupation and employer of the contributor, or, if self employed, name of business, is on file in the records of the recipient of the contribution. This information is to be reported on each Campaign Statement required to be filed by the Political Reform Act. (3220-1/94) 2.07.150 Reporting of cumulative contributions. A cumulative contribution for each contributor shall be based on an election cycle and shall be reported on each Campaign Statement required to be filed by the Political Reform Act. (3220-1/94) 2.07.160 Reporting of late contributions. Notwithstanding the limit contained in California Government Code Section 320, late expenditures or contributions in excess of two-hundred dollars($200.00) shall be reported to the City Clerk within twenty-four(24) hours of the contribution or expenditure. (3220-1/94) 2.07.170 Criminal misdemeanor actions. (3220-1/94) (a) Any person who willfully violates any provision of this Chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person who willfully causes or solicits any other person to violate any provision of this Chapter, or who aids and abets any other person in the violation of any provision of this Chapter, shall be liable under the provisions of this section. (3220-1/94) (b) No person convicted of a misdemeanor under this Chapter shall be a candidate for an elective City office or act as a City contractor for a period of four(4)years following the date of the conviction unless the court at the time of sentencing specifically determines that this provision shall not be applicable. A plea of nolo contendere shall be deemed a conviction for purposes of this section. (3220-1/94) 2.07.180 Civil actions. (3220-1/94) (a) Any person who intentionally or negligently violates any provision of this Chapter shall be liable in a civil action brought by the City Attorney or by a person residing within the jurisdiction for an amount not more than three (3) times the amount the person failed to report properly or unlawfully contributed, expended, gave or received, or$5,000 per violation, whichever is greater. (3220-1/94) (b) If two (2) or more persons are responsible for any violation, they shall be jointly and severally liable. (3220-1/94) (c) Any person, other than the City Attorney, before filing a civil action pursuant to this subdivision, shall first file with the City Attorney a written request for the City Attorney to commence the action. The request shall contain a statement of the grounds for believing a cause of action exists. The City Attorney, within thirty(30) days of receipt of the request, shall conduct an initial inquiry into the merits of the complaint. If the City Attorney determines in good faith that additional time is needed to examine the matter further, the complaining party shall be notified and the City Attorney shall automatically receive an additional sixty(60) days in order to determine the merits of the complaint. At the end of sixty(60) days, the City Attorney shall inform the complaining party whether the City Attorney intends to file a civil action or is conducting a criminal investigation. If the City Attorney indicates in the affirmative and files a civil action or criminal charges within thirty (30) days thereafter, no other action may be brought unless the action brought by the City Attorney is dismissed without prejudice. (3220-1/94) 6 G:S F:Legdraft:Campai gn Chapter 2.07.050(b) (d) In determining the an.-Lint of liability, the court may take into iwcount the seriousness of the violation and the degree of culpability of the defendant. If a judgment is entered against the defendant or defendants in an action, the plaintiff shall receive fifty percent (50%) of the amount recovered. The remaining fifty percent (50%) shall be deposited into the City's General Fund. In an action brought by the City Attorney; the entire amount shall be paid to the General Fund. (3220-1/94) (e) The term "City Attorney" as used in this section and Section 2.07.190 shall mean and refer to the City Attorney of the City of Huntington Beach or such other legal counsel as appointed by the City Attorney or City Council. (3220-1/94) 2.07.190 Injunctive relief. Any person residing in the jurisdiction, including the City Attorney, or such other legal counsel for the City as appointed by the City Attorney or City Council, may sue for injunctive relief to enjoin violations or to compel compliance with the provisions of this Chapter. (3220-1/94) . 2.07.200 Cost of litigation. The court may award to plaintiff, other than a public agency, who prevails in any action authorized by this Chapter, his or her costs of litigation. (3220-1/94) 2.07.210 Statute of limitations. Civil actions and/or criminal prosecutions for violations of any provision of this Chapter shall be commenced within four(4)years after the date on which the violation occurred. (3220-1/94) 2.07.220 Applicability of other laws. Nothing in this Chapter shall exempt any person from applicable provisions of any other laws of this state or jurisdiction. (3220-1/94) 2.07.230 Severability. If any provisions of this Chapter, or the application of any such provision to any person or circumstances, shall be held invalid, the remainder of this Chapter, to the extent it can be given effect, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby, and to this extent the provisions of this Chapter are severable. (3220-1/94) 2.07.240 Interpretation of chapter. This Chapter should be liberally construed to accomplish its purposes. (3220-1/94) 2.07.250 Amendments and additional requirements. The City Council shall review the contribution limitations contained in this Chapter in January of every fourth(4th)year commencing in 1998 and determine whether such limitations shall be increased, decreased, or remain the same. In the event the City Council determines that such limitations should be amended, it shall do so by holding a public hearing and adopting an ordinance reflecting such amendments. (3220-1/94) 2.07.260 Effective date. The provision of this Chapter shall become effective upon adoption, pursuant to Huntington Beach City Charter Section 500(e)(1). (3220-1/94) 7 G:S F:Legdraft:C ampa i gn Chapter 2.07.050(b) _. .... mm E;� ✓' i`,:. ' �•�':Y;ri;..w�;��-�.,. ,,, "3'�.,, ?i/i' +�S'�� Mom„ Se CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION NUNnNGTON BEACH TO: Honorable Dave Sullivan, Mayor, and Members of the City Council FROM: Gail Hutton, City Attorney DATE: February 2, 1996 SUBJECT: Limitation on Campaign Contribution The City Council has requested a written report from the City Attorney's Office regarding amending the Campaign Reform Law to more closely resemble the Orange County Ordinance, and address any infirmities in the Law that were identified in the Righeimer, et al. v City of Huntington Beach litigation. In Righeimer, the Plaintiffs alleged that Section 2.07.050(b)of the Campaign Reform Law prohibited them from making joint, independent expenditures to publish advertisements to support or approve candidates for election where they paid for the ads by separate checks. (It should be explained that this provision of the Huntington Beach law actually does not differ materially from the Orange County law. A copy of Orange County law is attached for comparison purposes.) However,the City never interpreted Section 2.02.050(b)to limit joint independent expenditures. Rather, the City only intended the Section to limit contributions to persons and committees to under$300, but not expenditures. In fact, this interpretation probably was constitutionally mandated. Under the United States Supreme Court's rulings in Buckley v Valeo, CARC v Berkeley, and FEC v. National Conservative PAC, campaign laws may not constitutionally limit the amount any person may spend on supporting or opposing a candidate, as this would limit the amount of his speech. However, campaign laws may restrict the amount any person may contribute to a committee, because while the committee may engage in free speech, the act of contributing to the committee does not involve speech. It then follows that if a single individual could pay more than$300 to a newspaper for placement of an advertisement,two people may jointly, but independently pay the newspaper directly for an advertisement, even if each expenditure exceeds$300. However, the law may still prohibit the same two individuals from contributing to a committee, which in turn, pays the newspaper for the advertisement. 1 SF:s:G:Campaign Moreover,this interpretation of the City's campaign law does not sacrifice any of the disclosure obligations imposed under state law. The California Political Reform Act distinguishes between"recipient" committees(i.e.,those combinations of persons who have become a committee by reason of their receiving contributions of$1,000 or more in a calendar year(Govt. Code § 82013(a))--and"independent expenditure" committees(i.e.,those becoming committees because they make independent expenditures totaling$1,000 or more per year(§ 82013(b)). When individuals jointly pay for an ad worth more than$1,000,they became a"committee"under section 82013, even if they made their payments directly and separately to the newspaper. Consequently,they would have to file the appropriate FPPC disclosure reports and late independent expenditure notifications. The public would thus be able to discover the true source of the various expenditures that were being made. Moreover, many newspapers(and certainly media ads)will require that the source of payment for the advertisements be included in the ad; Thus, if the individuals continue to make separate payments to the newspaper,the ad may well have to include each of their names as the source of payment. Finally,this interpretation of the City's Campaign Law does not.sacrifice much in the way of the contribution limits, either. The principal problems with independent expenditures that have developed in the past were the result of PACs and other organizations donating large sums of moneys to third-party committees that then pooled those funds in making"independent expenditures"that often had great effects on the.outcome of the local election. The pooling of such funds through an"independent expenditure" committee would still be prohibited. Consequently, several individuals could not pool their resources and advertise under an assumed name, like the"Good Government League." During the course of the Righeimenr litigation, the City adopted this very interpretation of its Campaign Law. It is recommended that the City codify this interpretation into law, so as to avoid further litigation. The attached ordinance would accomplish this result. fF,r Gail Hutton City Attorney c: Michael Uberuaga, City Administrator Ray Silver, Assistant City Administrator 2 SF:s:G:Campaign I 11 7 ORDINANCE NO. 3862 ' AN ORDINANCE OF THE COUNTY OF ORANGE, -CALIFORNIA, ADOPTED PURSUANT TO THE THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 3750 OF THE CALIFORNIA ELECTIONS CODE, LIMITING 6 CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS TO COUNTY ELECTED OFFICIALS AND OTHERWISE REGULATING THE - i CONDUCT OF CAMPAIGNS FOR COUNTY OFFICES 8 ; The People of the County of Orange, California, do ordain as follows: 9 SECTION 1. NAME 10 This division shall be known and may be cited as the .~Orange 111 County Campaign Reform Ordinance No. . 3862. " I 121 SECTION 2. PURPOSE 131 The purpose of this Ordinance is to ensure that the financial strength of certain individuals or organizations does not permit them 141 to exercise a disproportionate or controlling influence on the electio 1 of Orange County candidates. To achieve this purpose this Ordinance i »� designed to reduce the influence of large contributions, to ensure tha 0 151 individuals and interest groups continue to have a fair and equal VVW 16I opportunity to participate in electing county candidates, and to -12 I maintain public trust in governmental institutions and the electoral ° 3 process. ° ° l' f 18i SECTION 3. RELATION TO POLITICAL REFORM ACT OF 1974 This Division is intended to supplement the Political Reform Act 19I of 1974. Unless the term is specifically defined in this Ordinance or 20Ithe contrary is stated or clearly appears from the context, words and phrases shall have the same meaning as when they are used in Title 9 o 21 the California Government Code, in which the Political Reform Act of 1974 is codified, as the same may be, from time to time, amended. 77i SECTION 4. DEFINITIONS 231 (a) County Candidate 24 "County Candidate" means any person who is a candidate for super- ^ 2S visor, sheriff-coroner, district attorney, assessor, treasurer-tax collector, county clerk, recorder, auditor, public administrator, or 26 superintendent of schools. N 27 (b) Elective County Officer ® 28 ~Elective County Officer" means any person who is a supervisor, sheriff-coroner, district attorney, assessor, treasurer-tax collector, I 11 county clerk, recorder, auditor, public administrator, or superinten- dent of schools, whether appointed or elected. 3 !.1 SECTION 5. CONTRIBUTION LIMITATIONS 4 :i (a) No person shall make to any candidate for county elective office or the controlled committee of such a candidate, and no such sl candidate or committee shall accept from any such person, a contribu- tion or contributions totaling more than $1,000 for each of the follow 6 ; ing elections for which the person is a candidate: a primary election or a general (runoff) election. ' (b) The contribution limitations set forth in Section 5(a) shall 8 ; also apply to any .committee which collects contributions for the purpose of making expenditures in support of or opposition to the 9 recall of the elective county officer, and to contributions received t the elective county officer during the time period set forth in Sectic 10 ► 7(b) of this Ordinance. 11i (c) Any person or. committee. that spends or incurs more than 25% of its independent expenditures during the 12 months preceding a count 121 election on independent expenditures supporting or opposing county 13 , candidate(s) shall not accept any contributions) from any person in excess of $1,000 during the time periods set forth in Section 7. of thi Ordinance. 14J . � (d) The provisions of this section shall not apply to a candi- date's contribution of his or her personal funds to his or her own ° 30 iS campaign committee, but shall apply to contributions from a spouse. WowVV i 16 ; SECTION 6. AGGREGATION OF CONTRIBUTIONS OZ , t o0 1 i For purposes of the limitations in this Ordinance, the following 18 ! shall apply: 191 (a) All contributions made by a sponsored committee to a county candidate or to an elective county officer (or to a committee con- 20itrolled by such candidate or officer) shall be combined with those I contributions made by the sponsor(s) of the committee, and the combine Z1E amount shall not exceed $1,000 within the time periods set forth in Section 7 of this Ordinance. 22 (b) Two or more entities shall be treated as one person when any 23 ! of the following circumstances apply: 24 ; (1) The entities share the majority of members of their boards of directors. 25I (2) The entities share two or more officers. N 26 N (3) The entities are owned or controlled by the same majori 27 ty shareholder or shareholders. ® 28 (4) The entities are in a parent-subsidiary relationship. 1 ,I (c) An individual and any general or limited partnership in whici the individual has a 10% or more share, or an individual and any corporation in which the individual owns a controlling interest ( 50% o: 3 .� more) , shall be treated as one person. 4 :1 (d) No committee which supports or opposes a candidate for count office shall have as a majority of its officers individuals who serve as the majority of officers on any other committee which supports or opposes the same candidate. No such committee shall act in concert 6 ; with, or solicit or make contributions on behalf of, any other commit- tee. This subdivision shall not apply to treasurers of committees if these treasurers do not participate in or control in any way a decision on whether the candidate or candidates receive contributions . 8 , (e) Contributions by a husband and wife, except as set forth in 91 Section 5(d) , shall be aggregated unless a contribution comes exclu- i sively from the separate property of one spouse. 10 ( f) Contributions by children under eighteen years of age shall lli be treated as contributions by their parents. 12 SECTION 7. ELECTION CYCLES 13 (a) Primary and General (Runoff) Elections 14 , For purposes of the limits of this Ordinance, contributions made at any time between the final date for contributions to the last � Z= 15 primary or general (runoff) election (whichever occurred last) for that ° 30 same elective county office and June 30 of the present election year, = " W 16 ; shall be considered primary election contributions. If there is a Z general (runoff) election, then contributions made from July 1 through '0z 1 December 31 of the election year shall be considered general (runoff) election contributions. 18 (b) Recalls 191 For purposes of the limits of this Ordinance, contributions made 20 ; at any time after a committee has been formed, pursuant to the provi- sions of the Political Reform Act, in support of a recall election, or 21 after the Registrar has approved a recall petition for circulation and gathering of signatures, whichever occurs first, shall be considered _17 ; contributions during a recall election cycle. A recall election cycle shall end whenever any of the following occur: ,3 (1) The recall proponents fail to return signed petitions tc 241 the Registrar within the time limits set forth in the California Elections Code. 25 r (2) All Committees formed in support of the recall have been 26 terminated pursuant to the provisions of the Political Reform Act. N 27 (3) 10 days after a recall election has been held. U. ® 28 t '� i SECTION 8. PROHIBITION ON MULTIPLE CAMPAIGN COMMITTEES ` ! A county candidate or an elective county officer shall have no more than one campaign committee which shall have only one bank 3j account out of which all qualified campaign and office holder expenseE 41 related to that county office shall be made.' This section does not i prevent a county candidate or an elective county officer from estab- 51 lishing another campaign committee solely for the purpose of running for a state, federal, or local office that is not identified in Sectic 61 4 of this Ordinance. SECTION 9. PROHIBITION ON TRANSFERS 8 (a) No funds may be .transferred into any county candidate or i elective county officer's campaign committee from any other campaign 91 committee controlled by a candidate. _ I 10 (b) No county candidate and no committee controlled by a county { candidate or elective county officer shall make any contribution to an { other county candidate running for office or to any committee support- ing or opposing a county candidate for office. This section shall not 121 prohibit a county candidate from making a contribution from his or her 1 own personal funds to his or her own candidacy or to the candidacy of 13i any other candidate for elective county office. 1t ; SECTION 10. LOANS TO COUNTY CANDIDATES AND ELECTIVE COUNTY OFFICERS ! AND THEIR CONTROLLED COMMITTEES W_ ° Jo tS (a) A loan shall be considered a contribution from the maker and VUW 16 ; the guarantor of the loan and shall be subject to the contribution ;= z I limitations of this Ordinance. � ° t' ' (b) Every loan to a county candidate or elective county officer 18 i or their controlled committees shall -be by written agreement which shall be filed with the campaign statement on which the loan is first 19 i reported. 20 (c) The proceeds of a loan made to a county candidate or electiv ! county officer by a commercial lending institution in the regular 21 ' course of business on the same terms available to members of the publi shall not be subject to the contribution limitations of this Ordinance 211 if the loan is made directly to the county candidate or elective count officer or his or her controlled committee. The guarantors of such a 23 ; loan shall remain subject to the contribution limits of this Ordinance 24 ! (d) Extensions of credit (other than loans pursuant to Section 25 ! 10(c) ) for a period of more than 30 days are subject to the contribu- tion limitations of this Ordinance. 26I (e) This section shall apply only to loans and extensions of N credit used or intended for use for campaign purposes or which are 27 otherwise connected with the holding of public office. ® 28 1i SECTION 11. MONEY RECEIVED BY OFFICIALS TREATED AS CONTRIBUTIONS � I 1 Any funds, property, goods or services, other than government funds, received by elective county officers which are used, or intende• 311 by the donor or by the recipient to be used, for expenses (including legal expenses) related to holding public office, shall be considered � � campaign contributions and shall be subject to the limitations of this Ordinance. Reimbursement for reasonable travel expenses .related to holding public office-.shall be excluded from the provisions of this 6section. SECTION 12. SOLICITATION OF CONTRIBUTIONS FROM PERSONS WHO HAVE COUNTY BUSINESS DEALINGS S ► No non-elected county public official or county employee shall 9 solicit, direct or receive a contribution from any person, or his or i her agent, who has a proceeding involving legislative or administrativE 101 action pending before the county public official or county employee or I has had such a matter pending during the preceding 12 months. This section does not apply to a non-elected county public official or lli county employee who is a county candidate acting in furtherance. of his 121 own controlled committee. i TRANSMITTAL OF CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS IN COUNTY OFFICE l3i SECTION 13. . BUILDINGS 14 (a) No person shall receive or personally deliver or attempt to y� deliver a contribution in any office which the county owns or for whicr o00 15 ; the county pays the majority of the rent. � �V ► "' 13 W 16 ;, (b) For purposes of this section: 07 ! ° ° (1) "Personally deliver" means delivery of a contribution ir. 18 ; person or causing a contribution to be delivered in person by an agent or intermediary, other than the United States Mail. 191 (2) "Receive" includes the receipt of a campaign contribu- 20 tion delivered in person. L1 SECTION 14. DISCLOSURE OF OCCUPATION AND EMPLOYER „ No campaign contribution shall be deposited into a campaign bank account of a county candidate or elective county officer unless the 23f disclosure information required by the Political Reform Act, including the name, address, occupation and employer of the contributor or, if 241 self employed, name of business, is on file in the records of the recipient of the contribution. BSI SECTION 15. CRIMINAL MISDEMEANOR ACTIONS N 26 (a) Any person who willfully violates any provision of this ry 40 Ordinance is guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person who willfully causeE �� or solicits any other person to violate any provision of this Ordi- ® 28 nance, or who aids and abets any other person in the violation of any i II I 1 { provision of this Ordinance, shall be liable under the provisions of 21 this section. i � � (b) No person convicted of a misdemeanor under this Ordinance shall be a candidate for an elective county office or act as a county 4 . lobbyist or as a county contractor for a period of four years followi the date of the conviction unless the court at the time of sentencing 5 ; specifically determines that this provision shall not be applicable. plea of nolo contenders shall be deemed a conviction for purposes of 0 ' this section. SECTION 16 . CIVIL ACTIONS i (a) Any person who intentionally or negligently violates any 8 ' provision of this Ordinance shall be liable in a civil action brought by the District Attorney or by a person residing within the jurisdic- tion for an amount not more than three times the amount the person 10i failed to report properly or unlawfully contributed, expended, gave a received or $5,000 per violation, whichever is greater. tl ; (b) If two or more persons are responsible for any violation, ! they shall be jointly and severally liable. 1_, (c) Any person, other than the District Attorney, before filing i31 civil action pursuant to this subdivision, .shall first file with the District Attorne a written request for the District Attorneyto t � i commence the action. The request shall contain a statement of the ^Z grounds for believing a cause of action exists. The District Attorne_ 03o t5 ' within 30 days of receipt of the request, shall conduct an initial tG inquiry into the merits of the complaint. If the District Attorney Y'Jdetermines in good faith that additional time is needed to examine th, °z = 1_ ` matter further, the complaining party shall be notified and the Dis- V 3 trict Attorney shall automatically receive an additional 60 days in 18 order to determine the merits of the complaint. . At the end of 60 day: the District Attorney shall inform the complaining party whether the 191 District Attorney intends to file a civil action or is conducting a criminal investigation. If the District Attorney indicates in the 20 affirmative and files a civil action or criminal charges within 30 dad thereafter, no other action may be brought unless the action brought 21 � the District Attorney is dismissed without prejudice. ,, (d) In determining the amount of liability, the court may take into account the seriousness of the violation and the degree of culpa 23 ' bility of the defendant. If a judgment is entered against the defen- dant or defendants in an action, the plaintiff shall receive fifty . 24 ; percent of the amount recovered. The remaining fifty percent shall b deposited into the County's General Fund. In an action brought by th 251 District Attorney, the entire amount shall be paid to the General Fun, r � 0 26 SECTION 17. INJUNCTIVE RELIEF N 27 Any person residing in the jurisdiction, including the District Attorney, may sue for injunctive relief to enjoin violations or to 28 compel compliance with the provisions of this Ordinance. i 1 SECTION 18 . COST OF LITIGATION The court may award to a plaintiff, other than an agency, who 3 ;1 prevails in any action authorized by this Ordinance, his or her costs rf litigation. 4 1 SECTION 19. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS 5 Civil actions and/or criminal prosecutions for violations of any 6 .! provision of this Ordinance shall be commenced within .four years after ' I the date on which the violation occurred. SECTION 20. APPLICABILITY OF OTHER LAWS 8 : Nothing in this Ordinance shall exempt any person from applicable 91 provisions of any other laws of this state or jurisdiction. 10 ; SECTION 21. SEVERABILITY If any provision of this Ordinance, or the application of any suc llil provision to any person or circumstances, . shall. be held invalid, the 12 remainder of this Ordinance to the extent it can be given effect, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other 13 than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby, and to this extent the provisions of this Ordinance are severable. o � 15I SECTION 22. INTERPRETATION OF ORDINANCE ° " y 16 •I This Ordinance should be liberally construed to accomplish its ; ZZ 1 purposes. ° ' 1' � SECTION 23. AMENDMENTS AND ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 18 1 (a) The Board of Supervisors shall by ordinance adjust the 191 contribution limitations in January of odd-numbered years to reflect I any cumulative increase or decrease in the Consumer Price Index for th 201 State of California as announced by the United States Department of ! Labor since the last adjustment. Such adjustments shall be rounded- of 21i to the nearest hundred dollars for the limitations on contributions. I ' 221 (b) Except as specified in Section 23(a) , no amendment or repeal of any provision of this Ordinance shall be effective unless the 231 proposition of its amendment or repeal shall first have been submitted to the electors of the County and approved by a majority vote. 24 i (c) Nothing in this Ordinance prevents the Orange County Board o 25 Supervisors from imposing additional requirements on any person if the r requirements do not prevent the person from complying with this Ordi- 26 nance. N N 27 SECTION 24. REPEAL OF ORANGE COUNTY ORDINANCE NO. 3066 U. ® 28 Orange County Ordinance No. 3066 is repealed effective July 2 , 1992, except that Article 2 of Division 6 .of the Codified Ordinances o f I ; the County of Orange shall remain in effect until July 2, 1996 for a contributions received prior to July 2, 1992. SECTION 25. EFFECTIVE DATE The provisions of this Ordinance sh become effective on July 1992 . �> chaiV of the Board of Supervise SIGNED AND CERTIFIED THAT A COPY OF THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN DELIVERED TO 8 THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD 91 I 10 ,1 --� qWC1F K. SWANSON, Assistant 11 Clerk of the Board of Supervisors t County of Orange, California I? i STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) 13 ) ss. COUNTY OF ORANGE ) 14 I, NANCY K. SWANSON, Assistant Clerk of the Board of Supervisors - _ ; 15 ; do hereby certify that at a regular meeting of the Board of Superviso: :I of Orange County, California, held on the 23ra day of June 161 1992, the foregoing ordinance containing twenty-five (25) sections wa: certified as having received a majority of the votes cast in the 0z 17 ;I election held on June 2, 1992. l8 ! AYES: SUPERVISORS MRRI>M M. WXEDXR, CADDI H. V SQUEZ, Dos R. ROM, THONM F. RILE!, AND ROGER R. STRUTON. 1911 { NOES: SUPERVISORS �t0e8 20 ABSENT: SUPERVISORS HOM 2,1 22 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the official seal of the Board of Supervisors of the County of Orange, 23 State of California, this 29th day of June , 1992. 24 j 25XAN Q.n CY K. SWANSON, Assistant N 2G1 Clerk of the Board of Supervisors 27 of Orange County, California L6 28 RCA ROUTING SHEET INITIATING DEPARTMENT: CITY ATTORNEY SUBJECT: Limitation on Campaign Contributions COUNCIL MEETING DATE: January 18, 2000 STATUS. RCA,ATTACH�M;ENTS Ordinance (w/exhibits & legislative draft if applicable) Attached Resolution (w/exhibits & legislative draft if applicable) Not Applicable Tract Map, Location Map and/or other Exhibits Not Applicable Contract/Agreement (w/exhibits if applicable) (Signed in full by the City Attorney) Not Applicable Subleases, Third Party Agreements, etc. Approved as to form by City Attorney) Not Applicable Certificates of Insurance (Approved by the City Attorney) Not Applicable Financial Impact Statement Unbudget, over$5,000) Not Applicable Bonds If applicable) Not Applicable Staff Report If applicable) Not Applicable Commission, Board or Committee Report (If applicable) Not Applicable Findings/Conditions for Approval and/or Denial Not Applicable EXPLANATION' FORAMISS'ING'ATTACHME�NTS REVIEWED RETURNED FORWARDED Administrative Staff Assistant City Administrator Initial City Administrator Initial City Clerk EXPLANATION FOR RETURN OF ITEM: Only)(Below Space For City Clerk's Use RCA Author: