Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutLIGHTING DISTRICT - Street Lighting - Resolution 3107 - 1964 R'EQUE&-.- FOR CITY COUNCIL ACTIQN Date September 22, 1982 Submitted to: Honorable Mayor and. City Council -- - CITY GOUCIL APPR�V 8Y . Submitted by: C. W. Thompson, City Administrator � _ -- Prepared by: Paul E. Cook, Director of Public Works CITY- cLY —_ �• Subject: Cost Effective Street Lighting Systems Ae's rl'7 Statement of Issue, Recommendation,Analysis, Funding Source, Alternative Actions, Attachments: j STATEMENT OF ISSUE: In June, 1981_various local governmental units in California. united to form the California City-County Street Light Association (CAL-SLA) . The purpose of CAL-SLA is to coordinate efforts to question and contest utility company street light rate structure, acquisition policies, and choice of street light fixtures. CAL-SLA is asking all California cities to adopt a resolution supporting their effort. RECOMMENIDATION: Adopt the attached resolution requesting the California Public Utilities Commission to adopt regulations to provide cost-effective street lighting systems. ANALYSIS: In March, 1982 CAL-SLA began a statewide effort to solicit support for a resolution outlin- ing six primary concerns over utility company street lighting policies. The concerns are: l. • Rates charged by utilities do not reflect the actual energy used by the street lights. 2. Local agencies are discouraged from acquiring utility-owned street light systems because procedures for acquisition are vague and cumbersome. 3. Joint use of utility poles has been discouraged. 4. Methods used by utilities for setting a value on their systems do .not.reflect depreciated value. 5. Utilities do not consider facilities installed by developers at no cost to the utility when setting a value on their system. 6. 'Utilities are not adequately pursuing the most cost-effective means. of street lighting. Since their initial request for support, CAL-SEA has gained the support of about 80 local governmental agencies who have adopted the Resolution of Concern. As a result of the wide- spread support, the CALrSLA Executive Committee and representatives .from.the four major utility companies in the State have set a negotiating session to discuss and. try to resolve some of the concerns. CAL-SLA has asked that all governmental units adopt a resolution in support of their efforts prior to the negotiating session. FUNDING SOURCE: None. ATTACHMENT: Resolution SCE Letter City of Irvine Memorandum CWT:PEC:LE:jy P10 4/81 t' RECEIVE IVE D � DEEPT. OFZ' 1�'-LJ9L b= WORKS Southern California Edison Company P O BOX 2307 " 01982 vl..,l SANTA FlNA, CALIFORNIA 92707 HURnNaTO114 BEACfj, GAL p. September .8 , 1982 �. D S t P 9 1982 Charles Thompson, City Administrator Huntington Beach City Hall CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH P. O. Box 190 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE Huntington Beach, CA 92648 Dear Mr. Thompson: For the past several months , a group known as the California City- County Steet Light Association (CAL-SLA) has been distributing a proposed resolution to cities and counties challenging street r light utility rates , practices , lighting systems and procedures for acquisition of systems. The Edison Company provided a fact sheet earlier this year to all cities in Edison' s territory at the staff level as we felt compelled to correct the misimpressions that might be left by inaccuracies " contained in the resolution if left unchallenged. Since that time, we have broadened the fact sheet to put CAL-SLA' s concerns into proper perspective." "Street Lighting Informational Guide" is attached for your reference. We understand that the Community" Development. Policy Committee of the League of California Cities will be considering the CAL-SLA resolution at its meeting in San Francisco on September 17 . In addition, Edison and other utility representatives will be meeting with CAL-SLA representatives later in September. Since we believe the impropriety of the resolution will become increasingly clear , we welcome your review of the attached infor- mation and urge you to oppose the CAL-SLA resolution when it is taken up again at your next regular meeting on September 16 . In the meantime, we affirm our continuing commitment to work with any city in resolving concerns over street lighting or any other Edison service. Please call me if you have any questions. Sincerely, H. W. Compton " City/Area Manager HWC: sc Attach. f k . L SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON COMPANY STREET LIGHTING INFORMATIONAL GUIDE i The Southern California Edison Company offers street lighting service to governmental agencies within the service, territory of the Company. Governmental agencies are defined as cities, counties, state, county lighting maintenance districts, highway lighting districts, city lighting districts , county lighting districts , utility districts, water districts , county service areas, community service districts, etc. The Edison Company offers three types of street lighting services for a selection by a customer , and a maintenance service (re-lamp) . Each type of service is billed on a rate schedule approved by the California Public Utilities Com- mission. The following is a description of each rate schedule and services offered under the respective schedule: , LS-1 Rate Schedule - Edison Owned System Under this. schedule, Edison owns, supplies electrical energy. =` and maintains the street light equipment. Standard Installation The LS-1 rate schedule is based upon a standard installa- tion. The standard installation is considered to be an overhead installation where Edison furnishes the luminaire (light fixture) , a mast arm attached to a wood pole with electric service supplied from an overhead source . Non-Standard Installation Upon written request from a governmental agency, Edison will provide a non-standard installation, providing the customer first .pays a differential charge which is the difference between the installed cost of the Company's standard installation and the cost of the non-standard installation. Should an existing wood pole be available for the installation of a light, the differential charge shall include no allowance for a wood pole . n a " -2- Types of Lamps Offered Under LS-1 Rate Schedule The LS-1 rate provides service for incandescent, mercury vapor and high pressure sodium lamps . For conservation, Edison is presently converting all Company owned street light installations to high pressure sodium vapor types. For this reason, LS-1 rate schedule is closed to new incandescent and mercury vapor installations . Edison offers seven high pressure sodium lamps under LS-1 schedule ranging from 4, 000 lumens to 50 , 000 lumens. Please refer. to rate schedule attached for current rates and other details pertaining. to the respective high pressure sodium lamps . LS-2 Rate Schedule - Unmetered Service - Customer Owned Installation Under this schedule, the governmental agency owns , maintains and operates the street light system. The Edison Company supplies the electrical energy to the customer owned lights- and bills the customer on an unmetered basis under the terms and conditions of the Company standard operating schedules for such service. 0 See attached rate schedule for current rates applicable to unmetered service . LS-3 Rate Schedule - Metered Service - Customer Owned Installation The LS-3 rate schedule is similar to LS-2 schedule, except that the electrical energy is metered. See attached rate schedule for current rates applicable to metered service. LS-4 Rate Schedule - Customer Owned Installation Optional Maintenance Service Under this schedule, Edison offers maintenance service to customer owned high pressure sodium vapor street lights . The maintenance service furnished by the Company for those lamps specified under the schedule includes the following: A. Renewal of Lamps after the original installation by the customer . a -3- B. Regu.lar' inspection. C. Periodic cleaning of refractors . D. Labor of replacing lamps and refractors . Maintenance service may be furnished. where, in the opinion of Edison, no undue hazard or expense will result due to location, mounting height, or other reason. See attached rate schedule for current rates applicable to monthly maintenance service. Rate Composition- Edison Owned System - Customer Owned System Street light rates for both the Edison-owned system and a customer-owned system include the cost to generate and deliver electrical energy to a street light system. In order to generate and deliver energy from a generating facility to a street lighting system, Edison has a large . network of generating facilities, transmission lines , sub- stations , transformers , and distribution equipment . Edison incurs a cost of ownership for these facilities and must be recovered from all categories of ratepayers . ,Such cost of ownership includes taxes, insurance, depreciation, operating and maintenance, administration and general expenses and return. Governmental Agencies ' Concern Relative to Street Light Policy and Procedures Governmental agencies throughout the state have recently expressed their concerns and opposition to certain issues relative to street lighting practices and procedures of their respective utilities. The Edison Company offers the following as a corporate response to the issues of concern now under consideration. Issue #1 Rates charged by utilities do no reflect the actual energy used by the street lights. As previously explained, Edison . through rates must recover the costs of generation, the costs associated with the facilities required to deliver energy to the customer , and other related operating expenses as well as provide a return as determined by rate base, on borrowed and invested capital . At the present time , Edison' s C -4- rates applicable to street lights do not recover all of the Company's costs . The California Public Utilities Commission has es- tablished rates that would yield an overall rate of return of 11 .23% on rate base . (Rate base represents the depreciated value at original cost of the utility ' s investment in properties used to provide service. ) For the street light customer group, the rates authorized by the Commission were designed to yield a rate of return of only 6 . 79% on rate base . All Edison street light rates, whether metered or unmetered, do in fact include energy usage in the rate design. Metered service obviously records the energy used by the connected street light system. For unmetered service the kWh usage for each lamp size is estimated, using astronomical data to determine the hours of service and lamp loads following specifications , authorized by the PUC., In view of the above, we feel it apparent that Edison ' s street light rates do in fact include actual energy used and also include the costs of ownership . Issue #2 Governmental agencies are discouraged from acquiring utility-owned street light systems because procedures for acquisition are vague and cumbersome . The Edison Company neither encourages or discourages the acquisition of our street lighting system. Such systems are properties that can be taken by procedures either under eminent domain proceedings or through admini- strative procedures with the California Public Utilities Commission . The procedures of eminent domain are established by the legislature and rules by the California Public Utilities Commission supplemented by case law. Both call for payment of just complensation for the system to be acquired. To illustrate Edison ' s spirit of cooperation in this area, Edison has in the past and is currently, providing governmental agencies with an order of magnitude of the cost to purchase street light facilities that are not -5- installed on Edison distribution poles. This service has been provided to governmental agencies upon written request,, where acquisition of the system is eminent. Issue #3 Joint use of utility poles has been discouraged. It is Edison policy not to allow customer ownership of street light facilities on Edison-owned ,distribution poles, either by acquisition of Edison-owned street lights or the installation of customer-owned lights. The Company position is based on the following: o workers on our facilities must be qualified in this field. Some workers are subject to, and must perform in accordance with regulations of various governmental agencies including federal , state , county and city. For example, the California Administration Code, Title 8, states that a Qualified Electrical Worker " is a qualified person who by reason of a minimum of two years of training and experience with high voltage circuits and equipment , and who has demonstrated that he is familiar with the work to be performed and the hazards involved. " o Edison' s system integrity must be preserved. It is imperative that, the Company, to protect and maintain the integrity of its transmission and distribution system, and avoid liability, retain control of activities involving, or in the immediate area of , ' our facilities . To prevent loss of revenue . Such potential loss of revenue could result from the actions of the customer 's workers or contractors, causing outages or damage to the secondary and/or primary facilities . o To avoid exposure to Edison workers that may result from improper installation of customer-owned street lights and appurtenances. o To reduce exposure to public liability resulting from: a. Inadequate lighting levels on the roadway. b. Accidents involving the customer ' s workmen. c . Damage resulting from improper installations . d. Excess delay in restoring outages. -6- Issue #4 Methods used by utilities for setting a value on the their street lighting system do not reflect depreciated value . When Edison-owned street lighting facilities are being considered for sale or condemnation, a selling price must be determined. The price must be equivalent to just compensation to Edison. The primary objective is to establish a selling price the buyer would pay to obtain- an equivalent system at today' s cost . The California Public Utilities Commission and the State Legislature, via the California Evidence Code, has approved the cost method of determining the value of a street lighting system to be fair and equitable to both the buyer and the seller . The cost method is determined by reproduction cost new, less depreciation (RCNLD) . Using this method a current-day reproduction cost is determined for the facilities . Depreciation of the street lighting system is established after a visual - inspection and evaluation of each item to be sold is conducted by a qualified appraiser . As in any appraisal .situation, a certain level of individual judgment exists in determining depreciated value . Upon completion of the physical appraisal of the items to be sold, the factors as explained above are used in calculating the value of the system. The proposed sales price of th.e system is then submitted to the proposed purchaser . Some cities have suggested that Edison sell their street light systems for the cost of the system when it. was installed years ago, less depreciation. This method is called Historical Cost Less Depreciation (HCLD) . Edison will not normally sell any of its propoerty for Historical Cost Less Depreciation (HCLD) , no more than a city would. sell any of their property for its original cost . Inasmuch as the sales price of any Edison property proposed for sale does in 'fact include depreciation value, we feel the stated position relative- to depreciation is- unfounded. -7- Issue #5 Utilities do not consider facilities installed by developers at, no cost to utility when setting ' a value on these systems . Many cities have a false assumption that street lighting systems are built entirely at the expense of the developer or property owner and then are turned over to . the utility. These false assumptions possibly come from some confusion regarding the differential charge between the Standard Installation and the Non-Standard Installation. As ' explained on page one of this guide, a Standard Installation consists of overhead service, using a standard luminaire with a mast arm attached to a wood pole. Anything- the customer desires that is not a Standard Installation is paid for by the customer through the differential charge. ' The differential charge is the difference in cost installed between a Standard Installation and the Non-Standard Installation. a This differential charge allows. Edison to offer a variety of street light installations without the necessity for a corresponding variety of rates . Example of Differential Charge Non-Standard Installation Full cost of marbelite standard, luminaire, underground cabling , etc . $650 . Standard Installation Full cost for luminaire, mast arm, overhead installation on wood pole $500 . Customer pays differential cost of $150 . Note: Dollar figures for illustration purposes only and do not reflect actual cost . d -8- Any differential charges paid for by a customer for non-standard facilities are excluded from the rate base, therefore, Edison earns no return on differential charges, nor do differential charges give the customer an equity position in a Company-owned installation . Issue #6 Utilities are not adequately pursuing the most cost-effective mans of street lighting . The California Public Utilities Commission has approved Edison ' s current policy of converting the Company-owned street lighting systems entirely to the more energy efficient high pressure sodium vapor lights . The high pressure sodium lights will be utilized for all future installations under the LS-1 rate schedule . Edison is aware of only a few cities within its service territory that have shown an interest in the low pressure sodium vapor lights or have expressed a desire to have Edison offer them as a standard light on the LS-1 rate schedule. In reviewing the qualities of both sodium sources , Edison chose the high pressure sodium light for the following reasons: The manufacturers data accepted, at face value indicated the low pressure sodium was more efficient in lamp lumen per watt efficiency. However , . Edison found" that due to low coefficient of utilization ( low efficiency) of the luminairs, the lights had to be spaced closer together . The close spacing naturally requires more lights to provide a comparable amount of light on the road surface, thus eliminating or reducing possible energy savings over other light sources . Edison found that by using the low pressure sodium +. vapor lamps and luminaires , the upward stray light would increase and nearly 45% of the .usable (downward) light fell outside of the curbs bounding the roadway. This would create additional light trespass problems which is a current concern of many of the cities . The availability of low pressure sodium lights in large quantities is presently unknown. Most of the low pressure sodium lights are manufactured outside of the United States . -9- There are inherent disposal problems associated with low pressure sodium lamps . When a low pressure sodium lamp is broken and the metalic sodium in the lamp comes in contact with moisture, the lamp can ignite itself, causing a fire. This problem requires special storage facilities for discarded lamps which, in turn, adds to the operating cost of the lamp . The wattage on the low pressure sodium lamps increases as the lamp becomes older , affecting the overall efficiency. Low pressure sodium vapor lamps color rendition is less favorable to the general public . Due to factors explained above and many years of experience in supplying street lighting service to customers within our service territory, Edison can unequivocally state the low pressure sodium vapor street lights would be more costly to install and maintain than comparable systems for the same amount of illumination on the roadway -surface. With that primary consideration, Edison has determined that a utility-owned, installed and maintained high pressure sodium vapor system is the most economical for street lighting purposes and , , therefore , Edison feels we are providing the most cost-effective means of providing street light service . 4/ 5Z/ W41LAD r SEPTEMBER 9, 1982 TO: MAYORS, COUNCILMEMBERS, CITY MANAGERS (Please distribute) FROM: MAYOR PRO TEM - CITY OF IRVINE SUBJECT: RESOLUTION - STREET LIGHTING N i Recently, the Irvine City Council passed the attached resolution which has been circulated by the California Street Lighting Association. We forwarded it to the Orange County Division of (the League of California Cities since it seemed to be an issue of importance to all local jurisdictions who do business with the electric utility companies. We understand you may have been contacted by the Edison Companyurging opposition and we would like an opportunity to explain our reasons for support of this resolution. Taking the points of the resolution in order: 1. Certainly the Edison Company should recover all costs of providing services and we are not suggesting any costs for street lighting should be passed on to other customers. However, we have been convinced to change our luminaries from mercury vapor to high pressure sodium vapor lamps because high pressure sodium vapor lamps use less energy. On the Edison Company rate schedule there is no, or very little, cost difference because they install a brighter sodium vapor lamp, and you, the customer city, are being charged for "lumens on the street, not energy' Furthermore, you are charged for ever li on the inventor whether or not that, light is burning or even ;' it is not there at all. (When the City of Irvine assume Juris iction from the county or our own street lights, we found numerous discrep- ancies in the inventory.) The rate structure itself is another matter. We are concerned that street lighting constitutes only 1% of energy usage in the state, but 2.7% of utilit rofits are generated by this source. Time spent by the C reviewing these rates is under= sta—lcn ably minima�We do not object to paying our fair share, we just cannot afford to pay more. 2. Although cities may acquire street light systems either under eminent domain procedures or before the PUC, both call for a determination of "just compensation." This process is so lengthy and complex and there is so much dif- ference from one company to another and one division of the same company to another, that most jurisdictions file simultaneously before the court and the PUC. Even so, it is typical that such procedures take two to three years. We are simply asking for a clear, brief, understandable statement setting forth how such ac uq isi_ tions can be accomplished, 3. Joint use of utility poles in our jurisdiction is not a problem. However, some cities have had problems in this regard and this resolution is intended to apply statewide. 4. & 5. In the City of Irvine, developers are required to install s�t_li tin systems which are then turned over to the Edison Company. The buyer pays for the cost of Mayors , Councilmerr,!-,ers , City Managers September 9 , 1982 Page 2 that installation when the property is purchased. fte continues to pay for the installation since depreciation is included in figuring the rate structure. If a iuris- dre�ion wis es o purchase the system, the taxpayer will may again when the system is va u on curren rep acemen cos not original cost which in many cases was zero mrnus eprecia ron., a ee any eve oper installed lights should be returne to the City at their request without charge over their acquisition costs and that in no case should the system be valued at more than its salvage value. 6. Finally, we feel the type of street lighting, incandescent, mercury vapor, high or low pressure sodium vapor, should be the prerogative of the city that pays the bill. The decisio.about what type and what intensity of lighting for which the taxpayers can and want to pav should be made by their locally elected representatives, not The Edison Company. These are some of the reasons the City of Irvine feels this resolution has merit. It is not our purpose to advocate any particular method of street lighting or to promote operation of your own street lighting system. We simply want to be able to have facts regarding rate determinations and procedures for acquisition clearly and simply presented. This is important to us for obvious policy and budgetary decisions. BARBARA WIENER Mayor Pro Tem City of Irvine Attachment 201-147 i C E E D CITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION NO. 82-70 S E,P 1 3 1982 CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH A RESOLUTION BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CIT-IAO8�1ISTRATIVE OFFICE IRVINE REQUESTING THE CALIFORNIA PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION TO CONSIDER, AMEND, AND ADOPT REGULATIONS GOVERNING AND REGULATING STREET LIGHTING. RESOLVED, by the City Council of the City of Irvine, that: WHEREAS, the rates for street lighting charged by utilities governed by the California Public Utilities Commission do not reflect the actual energy used by the street lights; and WHEREAS, local agencies are discouraged from acquiring the components of the utility-owned street light system because procedures for acquisition of the components are vague and unnecessarily cumbersome; and WHEREAS, joint-tenancy of utility poles has been discouraged or conditioned in such a manner as to be unfeasible; and WHEREAS, utilities' rate structure adjusted and approved by the Commission from time to time included provisions for the amortization of utilities' installation and replacement costs of street lighting facilities; and WHEREAS, utilities' method of evaluating its street lighting facilties (Reproduction Cost New Less Depreciation) does not reflect the actual saleable worth of these facilities; and WHEREAS, utilities require local public agencies to purchase street lighting facilities which were previously installed by property owners and developers and then dedicated at no cost to the utilities; and WHEREAS, utilities do not allow energy-conserving means of efficient lumination except for high pressure sodium vapor street lights in their system; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the California Public Utilities Commission is requested to consider, amend and adopt regulations governing and regulating street lighting which would provide that; 1. Rates charged for street lighting reflect the actual energy used by the lights; and 2. Procedures for acquiring components of the utilities' street lighting system be stated in a clear and precise manner; and 3. Utilities be required, if requested by a local Public Agency to allow joint use of their utility pole system, without charge, to install street light fixtures owned and maintained by the local public agency; and Resolution No . 82-70 =1= -4. The method utilized by utilities for valuating street lighting facilities to be purchased by public entities be based on actual cost of the facilities when installed less depreciation and any other amounts recovered through utility rate charges, not to exceed salvage value; and 5. Utilities be required, if requested by a local public agency, to transfer to the agency, without charge, any street lighting facility which utilities acquired from property owners and developers at no cost to the utility; and 6. Utilities be directed to utilize any and all forms of energy-efficient, economical street lighting including but not limited to both high and low pressure sodium vapor street lights, when requested to do so by a public entity. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Irvine at a regular meeting held on the 13th day of July, 1982. MAYOR OF THE CITY OF IRVINE ATTEST: CITY45: ERK OF TY OF IRVINE STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF ORANGE ) SS CITY OF IRVINE ) I, NANCY C. LACEY, City Clerk of the City of Irvine HEREBY DO CERTIFY that the foregoing Resolution was duly adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Irvine, held on the 13th day of July, 1982, by the following roll call vote: AYES: 5 COQUILEMBERS: Gaido, Sills,lVardoulis, Wiener and Agran NOES: 0 ODD CII1VlMERS: None ABSM'Tr: 0 00MT IMEMMMS: None L!:L� CI 'Y C,YM OF CITY IRVINE -2- Resolution No . 82-70 STATE OF CALIFORNIA—THE RESOURCES AGENCY .LDMUND G. BROWN JR., .Govornor DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. BOX 2390 SACRAMENTO 95811 � (916) 445-2358 NOV 10 1980 N 0 V 2 4 1980 CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE Honorable Dennis Mangers . Member of the Assembly State Capitol Sacramento, CA 95814 Dear Asse f Tftti Ifangers: Bolsa Chica State Beach --. Bluff Area Lighting Project This is in response to your letter dated October 7, 1980, regarding the above mentioned project. The $300,000 funding for 'this project from the State Beach, Park, Recreational and Historical Facilities Fund of 1974, is provided under Schedule (b) , Item 578B, Section 2.8B of the Budget Act of .1'980 as added by Section 2, Chapter 1305, Statutes of 1980 (SB1446) . However, the.same appropriation carries a condition that pripr_to the expenditure of 1974 Bond Funds, the project has to be recommended by the State Park and Recreation Commission (SPRC) and reviewed by the Secretary of the Resources Agency. To satisfy that condition, we have taken steps .to place this project on the SPRC agenda scheduled for November 14, 1980, which will be held in Sacramento. With the concurrence .of the Commission, we will then request review by the Resources Agency Secretary. The' next step would be to request the State Public 'Works Board authorization for design .and construction funds estimated for December 1980. When the construction documents are at least 80 percent complete, we will request a Coastal Zone Commission Permit for development. Based on similar facilities up and downcoast, we do not anticipate any problems securing their approval. Based on the above, we would hope to start construction in May 1981 and complete the project- by October 1981. Thank you for your support of this project. Sincer y, Pete Dangermond, Jr. Director l a• 1 , October 7, 1980 Pete Dangermond , Jr. , Director Department of Parks and Recreation P. 0. Box 2390 Sacramento, California 95814 Dear Mr. Dangermond: ' 1 Now that the funding is available via SB 1446 for the lighting of the Bolsa Chica State Beach bluffs , I would very much like. to pursue with you the tmme7diate installation of this lighting, I understand that as a result of Chapter 781 of the Statutes of 1980 , Section 5002.2 (c) , the Department is not required to prepare a general plan when public health or safety is at stake. In light of recent disturbances involv- ing 25 peace officers and 75 rioters at the bluffs , I feel this project warrants a priority status. I would appreciate an early meeting with you to discuss this important project. Sincerely, P DENNIS MANGERS DM:np AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY JUNE 26, 1980 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY JUNE 16, 1980 AMENDED IN SENATE APRIL 23, 1980 SENATE BILL No. 1446 Introduced by Senator Nejedly February 7, 1980 i An act making an appropriation for parks and recreation, and in this connection amending and supplementing the Budget Act .of 1980 by adding Section 2.5A thereto, and declaring the urgency thereof, to take effect immediately. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST SB 1446, as amended, Nejedly. Parks and recreation: local assistance grants. ._ . The Budget Bill for the 1980-,81 fiscal year does not contain i. an appropriation from the State Beach, Park, Recreational, and Historical Facilities Fund of, 1964 for specified real property as an addition to Wildcat Canyon Regional Park. This bill would amend and supplement the Budget Act of 1980 by appropriating $800,000 from that fund to the' Department of Parks and Recreation for grants to counties, C cities,or cities and counties for the acquisition of specified real property as an addition to Wildcat Canyon Regional Park, . subject to specified provisos. The bill would provide that any deficiency in such fund shall be made up by'appropriation of the necessary amount from the Energy acid Resources Fund conditioned upon the prior enactment of SB 1426 or AB 2973, or, if this bill is first enacted, by transfer ,from the Capital Outlay Fund for Public Higher Education, conditioned on there being an unencumbered balance of$150,000,000 in that fund on June 30, 1980, to the State Parks and Recreation Fund and appropriation of the necessary amount from the State 96 30 8 1446 —2— —3— SB 1446 S arks and Recreation Fund. fir-` 1 you Regional Park............ 500,000 The bill would take effect immediately as an urgency 2 (b) For acquisition of the Tay- atute and would become operative on July 1, 1980. 3 for parcel, as an addition Vote: 1/3. Appropriation: yes. Fiscal committee: yes. 4 to Wildcat Canyon Re--- :ate-mandated local program: no. 5 gional Park.......................... 300,000 6 provided, that none of the funds appro- . The people of the State of California do enact as follows: �' 7 priated by this item maybe encumbered ' ' 8 until the East Bay Regional Park District_ 1 SECTION 1. Section 2.5A is added to the Budget Act 9 in combination with other public agen- 2 of 1980, to read: 10 Gies encumbers at least $500,000 for the 3 11 acquisition of the McCosker parcel and at "�`' r� STATE BEACH, PARK, RECREATIONAL, AND 12 least $3W,000 for the Taylor parcel; pro-. 5� HISTORICAL FACILITIES BOND ACT OF 1964 13 vided, further, that county approval is re- 6 PROGRAM 14 ceived for the project pursuant to Section 7 15 5096.16 of the Public Resources Code;and 8 SEC. 2.5A. The following sums of money, or so much 16 provided, further, that none of the funds 9 thereof as may be necessary, unless otherwise provided 17 which are appropriated by this item for 0 herein, are hereby appropriated for expenditure during 18 the projects set forth herein shall be avail- I the 1980-81, 1981-82, and 1982-83 fiscal years. _ 19 able for expenditure unless and until such 2 Appropriations for studies, planning, and working % 20, projects are submitted to, and reviewed 3 drawings shall be available for expenditure only during 21 and approved by, the Secretary of the Re- 4 the 1980-81 fiscal year. All such appropriations, unless 22 sources Agency pursuant to' Section 5 otherwise herein provided, shall be paid out of the State 23 5096.20 of the Public Resources Code. 6 Beach, Park, Recreational, and Historical Facilities Fund 24 .7 of 1964: _ �� 25 SEC. 2. In the event that there is insufficient money .8 - 26 in the State Beach, Park, Recreational, and Historical (� LOCAL ASSISTANCE 27 Facilities Fund of 1964 in order to fund the projects '.0 28 specified in Section 1 of this act, the deficiency shall be ;1 RESOURCES .29 made up as follows: !2 573.5A—For grants to counties, cities, or cities 30 '(a) If Senate Bill No. 1426 or Assembly Bill No. 2973 is 2 and counties pursuant to subdivision (d) 31 chaptered prior to this bill, the amount necessary to make '.4 of Section 5096.15 of the Public Resources 32 up such deficiency is hereby appropriated from the 15 Code, Department of Parks and Recrea- ,33 Energy and Resources Fund for expenditure pursuant to '6 tion, payable from the State Beach, Park, 34 Section 1 of this act. :7 Recreational, and Historical Facilities 35 (b) If this bill is chaptered prior to Senate Bill No. 1426 ;8 Fund of 1964 .................................................. 800,000 36. -or Assembly Bill No. 2973, and, notwithstanding Section '.9 - Schedule: 37 66100 of the Education Code, if on June 30, 1980, there is c0 (a) For * acquisition i of the 38 an unencumbered balance available for appropriation in '1 McCosker parcel, as an 39 the Capital Outlay Fund for Public Higher Education in 2 addition to Wildcat Can- 40 excess of one hundred fifty million dollars ($150,000,000), SB 1446 —4— I 1 the State Treasurer shall, on July 1, 1980, deposit such , 2 excess amount, up to the amount of such deficiency, in j 3 the State Parks and Recreation Fund, and the amount 4 necessary to make up such deficiency is hereby 5 appropriated from the State Parks and Recreation Fund 6 for expenditure pursuant to Section 1 of this act. 7 SEC. 3. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 8 the Department of Parks and Recreation shall provide for 9 the operation and maintenance of Seccombe Lake Park 10 in the City of San Bernardino as a unit of the State Park f 11 System at no cost to the City of San Bernardino. 12 SEC. 4. This act shall become operative on July 1, 13 1980. 14 SEG 4- 15 SEC. 5. This act is an urgency statute necessary for 16 the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, 17 or safety within the meaning of Article IV of the 18 Constitution and shall go into immediate effect. The facts 19 constituting such necessity are: 20 In order that this act may amend and supplement the 21 Budget Act of. 1980, which became operative on July 1, ' ` 22 1980, it is necessary that this act take effect immediately. O j i 96 100 t x � Senate Bill No. 1534 . CHAPTER 781 An act to amend Sections 5001.9 and 5002.2 of the Public Resources Code, relating to the state park system. (Approved by Governor July 27, 1980. Filed with Secretary of State July 28, 1980.) LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST SA 1534, Nejedly. State park system: general plans. Under existing law, the Department of Parks and Recreation is required to prepare or revise a. general plan of development consisting of specified elements for each unit of the state park system following classification thereof by the State Park and Recreation Commission, and any improvement existing within the state park system on March 4, 1972, not complying with these provisions may not be expanded. This bill would prohibit expansion of any improvement existing on January 1, 1979, and development of any new facility within the state park system which does not comply.with these provisions. It would provide that the department is not required to prepare or revise a general plan for a unit if the proposed development involves only repair, replacement, or rehabilitation of an existing facility, the construction of a temporary facility; as specified, measures for the protection of public health or safety,or emergency measures for the imrriediate protection of natural or cultural resources, or any . combination of these at a single unit. It would further permit-any general plan approved prior to July 1, 197Z to be used 'as the basis for development if the Director of Parks and Recreation finds there has been no significant change in the resources of the unit and the plan is consistent with current development policies for, and with the classification of, the unit. The people of the State of California do enact as follows: SECTION 1. Section -5001.9 of the Public Resources Code is amended to read: - .. 5001.9. (a) Any improvement existing within the state park system as of January 1..1979, which fails to comply with the provisions of former Section 5001.5 as they read immediately prior to January 1, 1979, or Article 1.7 (commencing with Section 5019.50) of this chapter shall not be expanded. (b) No new facility may be developed in any unit of the state park system unless it is compatible with the classification of the unit. SEC. 2. Section 5002.2 of the Public Resources Code is amended to read: 95 50 . Ch. 781 —2— 5002.2. (a) Following classification or reclassification of a unit by the State Park and Recreation Commission, and prior to the development of any new facilities in any previously classified unit, the department shall prepare a general plan or revise any existing plan, as the case may be, for the unit. The general plan shall consist of elements that will evaluate and define the proposed land use, facilities, operation, environmental impact, management of resources, and any other matter deemed appropriate for inclusion in the plan. The general plan shall constitute a report on a project for the purposes of Section 21100. The general plan for a unit shall be submitted by the department to the State Park and Recreation Commission for approval. (b) The resource element of the general plan shall evaluate the unit as a constituent of an ecological region and as a distinct ecological entity, based upon historical and ecological research of plant-animal and soil-geological relationships and shall contain a declaration of purpose, setting forth specific long-range management objectives for the unit consistent with the unit's classification pursuant to Article 1.7 (commencing with Section 5019.50) of this chapter, and a declaration of resource management policy, setting forth the precise actions and limitations required for the achievement of the objectives established in the declaration of purpose. (e) Notwithstanding the requirements of subdivision (a), the ��. department is not required to prepare a general plan for a unit that has no general plan or to revise an existing plan, as the case may be, if the only development contemplated by the department consists of the repair, replacement, or rehabilitation of an existing facility; the construction of a temporary facility,so long as such construction does not result in the permanent commitment of a resource of the unit; any undertaking necessary for the protection of public health or safety; or any emergency measure necessary for the immediate protection of natural or cultural resources; or any combination thereof at a single unit. Any such development shall be subject to the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing'with Section 21000)). (d) Any general plan approved prior to July 1, 1972, may be used as the basis for development if the director finds that there has been j no significant change in the resources of the unit since approval of the plan and that the plan is compatible with current policies governing development of the unit and the classification of the unit. l o 95 io LA i-e CITY OF HUNTINGTON 13EACH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION HONTINGTON BEACH To F. G. Belsito From Paul E. Cook City Administrator Director of Public Works Subject Lighting in Downtown Alleys Date February 19 , 1980 I At the request of the City Council, I asked my staff to report on existing lighting as well as recommended lighting in the alleys bounded by Lake, P.C.H. , Eighth and Orange. The attached maps show both existing and recommended lighting. Although the installation of these lights can be accomplished by the Edison Co. at no initial cost to the City, I do not feel we should add $3 , 500 to our annual street lighting costs at this time. Because projected City revenues will likely be extremely limited due to past and proposed State legislation, it may be necessary in the future to reduce the level of street lighting throughout the City in order to cut costs . In conjunction with preparation of the .1980-81 budget, I am compiling a list of possible revenue sources to finance public works programs in the future for consideration by the City Council. Among these suggestions will be methods to finance street lighting. PEC: jy Attach. ® � 'E. E F r R 191980 CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE CITY ®F HUNTINGT® BEACH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION HUNTINGTON BEACH To Paul E. Cook From Ralph R. Leyva Subject Downtown Alley Lights Date February 7 , 1980 This memo is in response to your request for information con- cerning placing additional lights within alleys in the downtown area. The area given was P.C.H. to Orange Avenue and from Eighth Street to Lake Street. Within this area there are 20 existing mercury lights, predominantly in the alleys closest to Main Street. The existing lights are shown on the attached Exhibit A. The location of wooden poles have been plotted on Exhibit B, showing where additional lights could be placed in the alleys within the subject area. It is estimated that as many as 45 additional lights could be installed. Assuming the use of 3 , 500 lumen, high- pressure sodium vapor lights at $4. 85 per month, the annual cost is estimated at $3, 500. This includes approximately 30% additional cost as a result of two separate energy cost adjustments , fuel collection balancing adjustment, conservation load management adjust- ment, and State tax. Ralph R. L yva Traffic E gineer RRL: jy Attach. I E X H 18 1 T E x rs ri 1)G A LL Ef L i GH TtS' CIA ------------------- —/_----_-----_----- W PALM AVE ---------- cr 0 z CD H-H AVENUE AV T—Nu AVE EC vE > R AN m O Nd nil 11 m nN in ORANGE AVENU qy cli_:z F: S OLI/E Z AVENUE ■ AVE Lu w z z z z w z z w z z z I uj > z -i w w w x > w 0 z 0 Z z ZEN nm_rlm, Inn, -1 AVENUE WALNUT a AVE -z -Z [IF] pl-I U] [ILI pm pp r1r] lip mp pp mm ppl w pa D OCEAN AVENUE ■ OCEAN OCEAN 1gAdkk HUNTINGTON BEACH-CALIFORNIA o PLANNING DEPARTMENT TOWNLOT SPECIFIC PLAN EAHrBIT 9 ® PWA05ED NEW ALLF7 LIGHTS .................. ...................... ............... IAJ PALM AVE z J) AVENUE- AV LL to z---- ---- n - 6PECAN ---- a I > X I 1,ORANGE I31: wz zw dNHNzAVENUm H I --Z --] 1F-W1-1 AVE_ [E lii w 0 �l ud� m Rd N m m unmu MEE m 3 0 OLIVE z AVENUE r z z z w I- 0 X [ F1 [ [ 0I 121- ,m11 , F " D Tu z vz R - - 7 z z z > z w w I > - w - P ] WALNUT- InFIMPH pfl... FIR.. p .. F]E] PAIENUI9- , VALNUTH4442HAVENP9 5� LZ OCEAN AVENUE 0 ■ ------------ ............... 0 C E A IN OCEAN HUNTINGTON BEACH CALIFORNIA PLANNING DEPARTMENT TOWNLOT SPECIFIC PLAN REQUEST FOR CITY COUNCIL ACTION Paul E. Cook Public Works Submitted by Department Date Prepared October 23 , 1979 Backup Material Attached o Yes No Subject Street Lighting on Main Street from 12th Street to 17th Street on Walnut Street from 5th to 6th Street City Administrator's Comments gpptRovEA 1� t'�Y COUNCIL Approve as recommended `+. - -----------'�/ 4 Tel c eltK l 2d Statement of Issue, Recommendation, Analysis, Funding Source, Alternative Actions: Statement of Issue: There are presently installed 32 low pressure sodium lights on Main St. and on Walnut St. which were placed on a trial basis in September of 1978 at no cost, unless the City decided to keep the fixtures for a cost of approxi- mately $3, 500. 00. Subsequently, the City Council decided for all new lighting to be installed of the high pressure sodium type lamps. Recommendation: Declare the trial period to be terminated, and authorize the expenditure of $2 , 500 to purchase materials necessary to convert the lighting to multiple high pressure sodium fixtures, with no cost for labor and equipment charged due to utilizing City forces for the conversions. Analysis: In August of 1978 , the trial fixtures were estimated to use $519 . 24 worth of energy each year as opposed to $2, 637 . 4.8 for the original lamps and $792 . 84 for high pressure sodium lamps. Even though the high pressure lamps cost 530 more than the low pressures, the decision has been made for the high pres- sures and they are still $1, 844 . 64 less per year than the original incan- descents and mercury vapors; and the $2, 500 expenditure will be regained in energy costs over a period of approximately sixteen months. Funding Source: Funding for this work is proposed to be from the Gas Tax Fund. Alternatives: 1. Leave the low pressure sodium fixtures in and pay $3 , 500 for the purchase. 2. Reinstall the original type lights; however, the energy costs will in- crease $1, 844 plus inflationary rate increases per year. -=C:DK: jy Pio sna CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH FINANCIAL IMPACT REPORT Project Name Main Street lighting from 12th to l7th St. and Walnut from 5th to 6th St. Description Conversion of the low pressure sodium lights to high pressure sodium lights. r 1 . DIRECT PROJECT COSTS 1 . 1 One-Time Costs Land urn. , aci i- Acquisition Construction_ ties, Equipment, Other Total Cost $ 2,500 $ 2,500 1 .2 Recurring Annual Costs Additional Materials & Out-side Payroll Personnel Supplies Services Revenues Total Cost $ 274 . 00 > $274 . 00 1 .3 Replacement/Renewal Costs 2. INDIRECT COSTS Financial Impact Repc u Page 2 " k 4 3. NON-DOLLAR COSTS Use of City employees for conversion labor. 4. BENEFITS TO BE DERIVED FROM THE PROJECT 5. PROJECT USAGE 6. . EXPENDITURE TIMING The one time $2,500 cost would be at the time of the project. The annual .$274 cost would be throughout the year for increase electrical usage over the present low pressure sodium lights. 7. COST OF NOT IMPLEMENTING THE PROJECT Approximately $3,500 for the purchase of the current low pressure sodium fixtures. I Southern California Edison Company 19171 MAGNOLIA AVENUE . HUNTINGTON BEACH, CALIFORNIA 92646 _ e H.W. COMPTON May 3, 1979 � . MANAGEQ.HUNTINGTON BEACH Mr. Clarence F. Yoder, Councilman City of Huntington Beach ' P. 0. Box 190 Huntington Beach, Ca. 92648 Dear Mr. Yoder: I appreciated the opportunity to meet with you to discuss street light costs and operations. As I indicated, we are heavily involved in the conversion of existing Mercury Vapor Street Lights to High Pressure Sodium Vapor Street Lights. I did correspond with the City Council in September 1978 (Copy attached) about our conversion program. Since that time additional cost savings can be realized, due to a rate change effective January 1 , 1979. The Council did approve the conversion of all 20,000 Lumen F•lercury Vapor Street Lights , at an annual savings of $8,000.00, now increas-�,_,d to $18,500.00, as of January 1 , 1979. In addition to street light conversion of all 20,010 Lumen Mercury Vapor, we would like to have approval to convert all the re- maining street lights to High Pressure Sodium Vapor. This entire street light conversion program will be conducted over a four- year period, and will be completed on a grid basis (geographical boundary of about one square mile, laid out in numerical sequence). This conversion cost will be done at Edison's expense, and we therefore would like to con- vert all lights within the grids at one time to control our manpower and material utilization. I have prepared a separate sheet showing the current cost of street lighting owned and maintained by Edison, and what the cost of the new High Pressure Sodium Vapor lights would be, and the expected savings. I am submitting a copy of a Street Light Agreement, that has been given to the City in the past. With the large capital expenditure we plan to make, at no cost to the City, it appears in the best interest of all parties that action be taken to secure a Street Light Agreement. �V\ 2. We recently obtained Agreements from the Cities of Santa Ana and Seal Beach, and would like to begin discussing the Agreement with .the ap- propriate City Stlaff members.' I hope this information assists you in your review of the City's street light program, and we would appreciate having some direction from the City regarding conversion. Please call me if I can be of help. Very truly yours , H. W. Compton, Manager Huntington Beach HWC:imr cc: D. A. MacAllister R. P. Mandi c, Jr. R. Pattinson J. A. Thomas R. S. Bailey F. G. Belsito M. Zambory i I EDISON OWNED & MAINTAINED STREET LIGHTS • As Billed - Rate Effective l/l/79. LS-1 Rate Schedule Per Light Total Mercury Vapor Total Cost Monthly Cost Annual Cost i 3,560 Lumens $ 5.58 2,348 Lights = $13,102.00 $157,222.09 *7,000 Lumens $ 6.92 4,416 Lights = $30,546.00 $366,556.10 20,000 Lumens $11 .64 647 Lights = $ 7,531 .00 $ 90,372.00 CONVERSION TO HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM VAPOR 5,300 Lumen HPSV $ 5.89 2,348 Lights = $13,330.00 $165,960.00 *5,300 Lumen HPSV $5.89 4,416 Lights = $25,994.00 $311 ,925.00 *9,500 Lumen HPSV $6.80 4,416 Lights = $30,013.00 $360,159.39 n *NOTE: Only one size light can be used for conversion of 7,000 Lumen Mercury Vapor to High Pressure Sodium Vapor j 22,000 Lumen HPSV $ 9.25 647 Lights = $ 5,985:00 $ 71 ,817.00 TOTAL SAVINGS Convert 647 - 20,000 MV to 22,000 HPSV - Annual Savings $18,555.00 *Convert 4,416 - 7,000 MV to 9,500 HPSV - Annual Savings $ 6,400.00 *Convert 4,416 - 7,000 MV to 5,800 HPSV - Annual Savings $54,631 .00 Convert 2,348 - 3,500 HV to 5,800 HPSV - No savings at this time, Lumen size increase from 3,500 to 5,300 will increase cost - $8,700.00 Annually, - Maximum Savings $76,209 Annually - n &e DPw REQUEST FOR CITY COUNCIL ACTION cw& Submitted by H. E. Hartge Department Public Works Date Prepared April 6 , 1979 Backup Material Attached Yes No Subject Civic Center Amphitheater Lighting City Administrator's Comments i APPROVED BY CITY COUINQo L Approve as recommended ca CLERIM i Statement of Issue, Recommendation, Analysis, Funding Source, Alternative Actions: p�(� Statement of Issue: B The existing light fixtures on the 85 feet high pole in the amphitheater within the City Hall complex requires total rehabilitation. Recommendation: It is recommended that the City Council authorize the removal of the existing 85 feet high pole and its light fixtures . It is further recommended that the Council authorize the installation of appropriate light fixtures on various parapet walls in order to replace the lost illumination of the original light pole. Analysis : Due to rainfall and ambient moisture in general , the lighting fixtures on the existing light pole within the amphitheater have "shorted out. " This problem has been prevalent from the original installation of the pole and has created excessive maintenance cost because of the special equipment which must be rented in order to make repairs to the 85 foot high fixtures. We would like to replace the existing light pole fixtures with light groupings mounted on the parapet walls surrounding the amphitheater. Such mountings will permit ease of access for fixture repair and adjustment as well as for aiming the light fixtures toward an appropriate area improving the visibility problems occasionally brought to our attention. The Board of Directors of the Huntington Beach Public Facilities Corp. did on March 28 , 1979 approve removal of the tall light pole and agreed to the in- stallation of light fixtures on the parapet walls as referred to above. Alternatives: The light pole can remain as it presently exists which means we will continue repairing the circuitry : and replacing the burned out light bulbs utilizing the required rental equipment at the rate of $50 . 00 per hour portal to portal cost. Funding Source: General funds already allocated for Civic Center Bldg. maintenance would be utilized to purchase the required conduit and wiring necessary for the light relocation project. P10 3/78 HEH:MZ :DK:jy n N PUBLICS Huntington Beach Public Facilities Corporation CD INCORPORATED m 17371 Gothard Street 2 Ca.� NOVEMBER 27.1970 Huntington Beach, California 92647 �y �o March 29, 1979 c4L IFOR0' Floyd G. Belsito I City Administrator City of Huntington Beach Subject: Civic Center Please be advised that the Board of Directors, at their regular meeting on March 28, 1979, consented to the City modifying the amphitheater lighting up to and including removing the 85 foot pole, provided that the new or modified lighting will be equal to or better than that at present. I confirmed that it was. our intention to improve the lighting and reduce maintenance costs. Donald W. Kiser Asst. Sec. HBPFC DWK: cc: H.E. Hartge f REQUE6T FOR CITY COUNCIL ACTION Submitted by H .E . Hartge Department Public Works Date Prepared April S , 19 79 Backup Material Attached Yes No Subject Street Light Poles stored at Corporation Yard. City Administrator's Comments APPROVED BY.CITY COUNCbg. Approve as recommended _14� CITY CLERK ___.. t Statement of Issue, Recommendation, Analysis, Funding Source, Alternative Actions: . STATEMENT OF ISSUE : JB The Corpor'ation Yard presently has in storage 226 new street light poles and Sl used street light poles , and a portion of the latter are of types and sizes which are no longer suitable for reinstallation. RECOMMENDATION: Approve declaring the unsuitable poles as being surplus and authorize their being offered for sale or disposed of . ' ANALYSIS : In 1973 , Public Works was directed to store and save 12 poles , ornamental metal , which were removed from Main ,Street causing some concern by the adjoin- ing citizens . The. concern was that if enough complaints about the new brown marbellite poles were received , the old poles may have had to be reinstalled . No complaints have been received by Public Works to date . The other poles in consideration pose no problem as they were removed during upgrade projects due to their short height , age and non-compatibility with standardizations. These poles occupy space that can be better utilized and additionally some have value for resale either as a decorative ornament or as scrap weight ., There are a few which are broken or of no particular value , and if no" offer is� received they would be discarded at the County dump site . EU_NDING SOURCE : ---- -- ----- No extra funds are necessary for the personnel and operating costs -riecessary to transact the sale or disposal of the light poles . The City _,will obtain additional revenues . � ALTERNATIVES : Continue to store the poles with knowledge that weather will continue the deterioration to the metal type poles and decrease their potential value . ✓�, P10 3/78 RCA #78-69 1-1EQUEST FOR CITY COUNGIL ACTION Al S05mitted b . , Arnold Ross Administration y ZI tl Department Date Prepared December 8 , 19 78 Liacl<up material Attached x F� Yes sub;ect J REPORT ON TRIAL CONVERSION AREA OF CITY-OWNED LIGHT SYSTEM City Administrator's Comments APp CJP Approve as recommended ------------ Statement of Issue, Recommendation, Analysis, Funding Source, Alternative Actions: STATEMENT OF ISSUE : The City Council requested at the Agenda meeting of December 4 , 1978 , that a report be prepared regarding the status of the City-owned street light trial conversion program. RECOMMENDATION: Allow for a continuance of the project with periodic reports to the City Council with regard to testing of the lighting levels , power consumption , cost effectiveness ,, and the acceptability to the public . ANALYSIS : In concert with the City' s efforts in exploring all avenues towards alleviating the present posture with respect to the street lighting , a pilot program was initiated in mid-October of this year that entailed a conversion of a segment of the City-owned downtown area lighting fixtures to the most efficient energy conserving device presently available on the market. The particular sites chosen for the project covered Main' Street from 17th to 12th as well as a portion of Walnut Street between Sth and 6th. The City was successful in obtaining the services of Heath Architectural Lighting Systems who agreed to make the 32 fixtures available at no cost or obligation for the duration of the test period 1 the length of- wti-ic-h wW's left to the discretion of the City. II P10 3[78 RCA #78-69 Page 2 Initially, there was some difficulty in adapting the 55 watt light and ballast to 12 of the lamp posts that had been designed to fulfill the unique requirements of the incandescent fixture. In an effort to avoid further delay, 35 watt lights were installed in the interim while the 55 watt devices were reengineered to accommodate the posts , resulting in lowered lighting levels in this area. This office was notified on December 6 , 1978 that the proper fixtures had been adjusted and installed that same afternoon and increased lighting levels are now in effect. The previous week, or prior to the afore-noted modifications , question- naires were mailed out to approximately 200 residences by the Public Information office requesting reactions to the City' s program (see attachment) . Responses obtained were somewhat mixed and inconclusive , due in part to the reduced lighting that was in effect at the time that distribution was made. Approximately 100 (22) of the mailed out questionnaires were returned to the City and of these 12 , or S4o , stated that they preferred the old lights . Bearing in mind that the most oft-quoted negative comment - "older light was brighter" - has been significantly rectified, and that there had been a virtual absence of calls or letters to the City for the first six weeks of the program until questionnaires were mailed, it would appear that further tests of public reaction would be required to obtain an accurate comprehensive assessment of the responses . Thus far , the bi-monthly street lighting bill from the utility company has not made an appropriate adjustment to account for the reduction in energy: correspondence in this regard has been forwarded to Southern California Edison in an effort to provide a timely and proper billing to the City. However , it is possible to project a comparative cost/savings analysis (see attachment) : Savings for the eriod of October IS , 1978 , through December 31 , 1978 , computed to $p444 . 40 or 78 . 7% under what would have been the City' s bill if the conversion had not been accomplished. ALTERNATIVE ACTION: Discontinue the project. FUNDING SOURCES : No funds necessary. s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS-TEST SITE 32 STREET LIGHTS 10/15 Total/ Thru Mo. 12/31 No. of Lamps 8 8 6 8 2 Type SGR SGR M&R Merc SGR Rate/KW/Pole/MO $13.25 $13.25 $11.29 $13.25 $13.25 A. Former System Incan. Incan. Incan. Merc. V Incan. Lumens 4,000 101000 10,000 7,000 2,500 Line Load - Watts 220 558 620 208 152 Cost/Lamp/Mo $2.92 $7.39 $7.00 $2.76 $2.02 KWH/Mo 813 2,063 1,321 769 122 Total Lamp Charge-$ $23.32 $59.15 $42.00 $22.05 $4.03 Energy Cost Adj . 11.88 30.13 19.29 11.23 2.05 Tax .11 .28 .19 .10 .02 Total $35.31 $89.56 $61.48 $33.38 $6.10 $225.83 $564.58 B. Modified System LPS-S(4) LPS-S(12) LPS-M LPS-S LPS-S Lumens 4,500 7,500 7,500 7,500 71500 Line Load - Watts 60 80 80 80 80 Cost,//Lamp/Mo .80 1.06 .90 1.06 1.06 KWH/1V10 111 407 170 296 74 Total Lamp Charge-$ $3.18 $12.72 $5.42 $8.48 $2.12 Energy Cost Adj 1. 62 6.48 2.49 4.32 1.08 Tax .02 .06 .03 .04 .01 Total $4.82 $19.26 $7.94 $12.84 $3.21 $48.07 $120.18 Projected savings for period of 10/15/78 thru 12/31/78: $444.40 or 78.70 TO: Arnold Ross, Internal Auditor FROM: Bill Coulton, Public Information Office Staff Member RE: Low .Sodium Street Light Test Questionnaire DATE: December 7, 1978 This is in the way of an interim report regarding information office support of the street light pilot test. A questionnaire was distributed to neighborhoods affected by the test of street' lights. Approximately 200 questionnaires were placed on front door knobs. Attached is a sample of the questionnaire in- strument. The questionnaire is step three in our four step process of supporting the test effort. The memorandum dated September 20 to Belsito from Reed describes the steps in detail. A copy of the memo is attached. Although it is still too early to judge how many questionnaires will be returned or what people will conclude about the lights, early returns are nearly .split between favoring the brighter old lights and the cost savings of the new ones. 22 responses have been received back. When asked which lights were preferred—the old ones or the new ones-12 responded in favor of the old lights while 10 stated they liked the new lights best. See the detailed table of responses attached. Written responses were nearly split between favoring the old and new lights. Ten people submitted strong statements favoring the old. Seven favored the new lights for various reasons. In summary, it is my opinion that there are an insufficient number of responses and those submitted are really too closely split that it would be inappropriate to draw any major conclusions at this time about which type lights are favored by citizens. It should be noted that all respondents appreciated the opportunity of being involved in the test and light selection process, albeit one person expressed some cynicism in believing the city had already made a choice. A list of comments from residents is also attached. 4_ AN INTERIM DATA SUMMARY AS OF 12-7-78 STREET LIGHT QUESTIONNAIRE No. Question Old Lights New Lights Same Other I. WHICH LIGHTS ARE BRIGHTER? 16 6 - - 2. WHICH HAVE MORE GLARE? 9 5 4 1 No Response, 1 Question Mark, 2 Neither 3. WHICH ARE EASIER FOR DRIVING? 11 6 3 2 No Response, 1 Question :lark 4. WHICH ARE EASIER FOR WIALKING? 11 5 5 1 Question dark 5. WHICH PROVIDE MORE SAFETY? 12 2 5 3 Question Marks 6. I,MICH PROVIDE MORE SECURITY? 12 2 6 1 Question Mark 1. WHICH DO YOU LIKE BEST? 12 10 - - TOTAL RESPONSES: 83 36 23 8 12 Other Responses t. ADDITIONAL COi12,1ENTS: See attached list of comments. 9. DO YOU FEEL SUCH TESTS AS THIS ARE WORTHWHILE? YES: 20 NO: - 1 Question Mark '.0. AS A TAXPAYER, DO YOU APPRECIATE BEING INVOLVED? YES: 21 NO: - - i 'AN INTERIM DATA SUMMARY AS OF 12-7-78 (Continued) Bel-ow •are resident comments exactly as they appear on the survey forms mailed to the P.I.O. Opposed to New Lights Favor New Lights We don' t like the color of the I really like the "Old Town" look the new new ones. lights give downtown H..B. It wouldn' t be so bad if they were white My husband and I have one of the lights instead of orange--looks like Halloween. shining directly into our bedroom window. I feel that the energy saved will not Believe me, there is just no better re- compensate for accidents or danger. The placement and we fully appreciate these glare is bad when driving a car. new lights. We'll take a soft glow dancing on our bedroom wall over a. white The new lights blend with caution (yellow) glare any day: ` We are very impressed traffic light at Adams and tend to create with the energy saved too--especially a dangerous potential. since both fights have the same effective- ness. I spent 4 months in Scotland and We would lw e brighter lights yet than England, and noticed quickly that they even the old ones for safety sake mostly. used this type of light (fog light is what they called them) all over. --I rarely We are sure the decision has already been saw a white light. It was very romantic-- made to retain the new lights, but this is for every city appeared to be lit by Can- a good gesture. dles.' I'm all .for them--all over our city too" Old lights are easier for driving especially in the rain. Should be put all over town--including all business and city facilities.' Why aren't We would like the Civic Center-type lights they being tried. in such areas .also? continued down Main Street. Hope the new lights will be permanent. j As a widow, I 've been more scared with the new In spite of the lower brightness, the I lights, as they do not give out enough light. energy savings makes the new lights worth keeping. When brighter energy efficient Old lights add more to our already messed up lights become available, please try them. street.. Please leave it alone. The old 'lights may have been brighter, but I don't think they cast the light any fur- thur. I really like the new lights because they are less glaring--they have a nice soft hue to them. The fact that the new lights save energy is a big plus. I hope I the city installs them everywhere. Every- ione I talked with likes them. Save the money. 10 STATEMENTS SUBMITTED I STATEMENTS SUBMITTED i TO: Floyd 1lelsito, City .Administ-atorr TPOl: Lill Reek , Public Information Oi Li_cer RE: Information Support of Low Sodium Street Light 'Pest DATE: September 20, 1978 In response to the ,City Counc:il's directive for the low sodium test i project, the following information support activities are planned in cooperation with the Public Works Department, Support Objective: , Co provide residents with advance and follow-up information about lamp test and to involve them in the test evaluation process. News release. This is designed to inform everyone about the purpose and objective of the project. It is being delivered` to the local newspapers in Rdvance of lamp installation. See sample attached. Door Hanger. flyer. This is to inform residents in the immediate neighlborhoods affected by the lamp installation about the impending test. The information is intended to stimulate neighborhood interest in participating :in the evaluation. See example provided. Door Hanger Questionnaire. Approximately one week ,.after the test lamps are _installed, the. questionnaire kill be distributed to the sane residents receiving the original flyer. The questionnaire will provide residents the opportunity of furni hi.ng .data for consideration in measuring the Afectiveness of the new lamps. Items will dell with light dualities such as brightness, glare, etc. One item will be open- ended; ttris will enable residents to. mare their o6n comments. Returns will be mn_i_led to PIO using; a bulk rate card mailer. I News Rel_ease. This is designed to inform "the community of the test -results. Emphasis will be placed upon resident involvement in the decision-making process if it was significant. Release will also point out any next steps, such as any decisions made to purchase some A these lights. Information-will include estimates of savings in replacement L'OSCS, Cni_'L'gy and tax SaV1.7hg5. I o I r pnr _._.._..$, Dear Resident: Ne,a street 1-fights Lire being tested in your- neighborhood . They are designed to provide as good a light or better than the old ones. They are also designed to use 80 per cent less energy. We want you to participate in this test by stating your opinions about these lights. Please fill in Lhe boxes and comment section "i of the questionnaire below. Return by marl to the Public Infor- mation Office as soon as possible. You will be assisting the city in making a decision which affects the quality of life in your neighborhood . i i We thank you for taking the time to help us with this test project. You can be assured your opinions will be used in our evaluation sl;v process" Sincerely, * P.S. Please return questionnaire to: Public Information Office Rill P.O. Box 190 William G. Reed City of Huntington Beach Public Information Officer 92648 ------------------------------------------Clip and Mail-------------------------------------- y, STREET LIGHT QUESTIONNAIRE Please compare the new lights with the old ones and mark your ��-- answers in the spaces provided. OLD LIGHTS1 NEW LIGHTS SAME 1,k• 1. WHICH LIGHTS ARE BRIGHTER? r� 2._ WHICH HAVE MORE GLARE? 3. WHICH ARE EASIER FOR DRIVING? ' 4 . WHICH ARE EASIER FOR WALKING? 5. WHICH PROVIDE MORE SAFETY? 6. WHICH PROVIDE MORE SECURITY? 7 .- WHI-CI-i DO YOU LIKE BEST? i � I.4rvj 8. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: 9. DO YOU FEEL SUCH TESTS AS THIS ARE WOR'TJJtJHILE'? YES : NO: `- �i 10. $ A `l:>%:Pf \ 7R DO YOU Ai.'Yf I-CIATE BEING INVOLVFll? YLS:� Arnold Ross Bill Hartge TO Bi l l Reed Date 12/5/78 LPS LIGHTING I would like Arnold Ross to coordinate the pre- paration of a report to Council regarding the low pressure sodium lights downtown. Please make available information on any cost swings that may have been realized during the trial period and the results of the survey question- naire which was recently passed out to residents. I will need the final report by December 8th at noon for the Agenda . RETURN TO--0, Signed dery Chanel l e, Administrative Analyst Date Signed Redifl. 45 465 SEND PARTS 1 AND 3 WITH CARBONS INTACT. Poly Pak(50 wh)4P465 PART 3 WILL BE RETURNED WITH REPLY. - ® City of HuntingtonBeach P.O. BOX IN CALIFORNIA 92648 ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT October 2 , 1975 co V� Y C('TV Ap • ) Honorable Mayor ®� p,15 and City Council -- City of Huntington Beach - 'cr►Y LURK Attention: David D. Rowlands City Administrator Subject: Street and Lighting Conditions Florida Street, Agenda Item K- Dear Council Members: This is in response to Mr. Ralph Duran's request to you for a combination sidewalk and bike trail on Florida Street from Pacifica Hospital to Main Street. I recommend you authorize us to install -by City forces a 4 foot wide asphalt walk on the west side of Florida. The cost of materials will amount to approximately $250. 00 and. can be charged to a budgeted account. Further we should be authorized to have the Edison Company install three street lights on existing power poles. The installation will be at no cost to the City. Energy cost amounts to $4 . 69 per light per month and is covered in the budget. The Council also asked that we provide an update as to the status of street lights in the Motown area. This area bounded by Florida, Utica, Delaware and Yorktown has received an upgrading in lighting as follows: 1. Eleven 2500 lumen incandescent lights have been replaced by 3500 lumen mercury vapor lights. 2. Five new 7000 lumen lights have been installed on existing poles. The monthly cost has increased from $52.69 to $79. 19. The lighting has been increased from 27 , 500 to 73,500 lumens. In other words, a 50. 3% increase in cost has resulted in 167 . 3% more lighting. Very truly yours, E. Hart Director of Public Works HEH:ae �-. R al ph Dur-.1n 2207 `Ibricl<_i t. Project Esperonza. --wo to wn.) Honorable M,-:,yor City Co-cu:rcilperson : ci L,y of Hunt. Beh. , I and others h, .ve been t:a.k .n,; notice of a problern t,h,--.t { ma.,y someday bee.oriie a, tr .;r;� d;y . This ex:i ,:'Its on Florida )t. from F :.cifica. Hospital. - to N'(r .in St. goiiig North, no sid.ev,,elk. � This involves Senior ''itizenti, and. other citizens Patron- - r ' the ive Point' rio�,��in �eri.tf:r.®i P' 3.rticul-.r TrnOort< r;.ce re Senior. s. Sin.ce they tend. to.- i.ase t.}ie 'street, theme by ce.usin,r; trr:ffis H8,zard, and possibly Dan,�;er sand Physic 1- ��Iarm,This is Doubly , so during the R ,�_ny `�ea.son. -i o 5�Ecdr-s exi,ed(Ee I propose that the c-ity ' ta;ke he::>.d of this and it in a speedy mariner. Perlkia.ps with a combination of Like. Tr,6.il �tnd _sidewalk ( tempar..ary ) out jI Aspha,l t throw-r). on top of the �-roivi.d. ';'ith the passibility that .this might be Pona.ted by a ving Co. for a good , cause. Ag.iin I implore on your good, Judgement to take-immid.ia.te Action on this. Res ectfully Y6urs Ral ph. Duran Project Es Oeron:-',a. !,o t o wrl) o Jb -AM ar.cJJ �. y V CITY ®W HUNTINGTON BEACH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION KUwnNGMN UACH Bud Belsito ® Administration To Bill hartge - Public Works From Alicia M. Wentworth Dick Harlow ® Planning City Clerk Subject Re: letter from Ralph Duran - Date September 9, 1975 street conditions We are attaching a letter from Mr. Ralph Duran regarding the problem of senior citizens walking on Florida Street from Pacifica hospital to Main Street going north. He has requested that his communication appear under the "Written Communications11 portion of the September 15, 1975 Council Agenda. If you have any material that you wish to appear in the Agenda packet, please submit it to this office by Wednesday, September 10, 1975. ®® CITY j------ Aff City o Huntington ea • PIK P.O. BOX 190 CALIFORNIA 92648 10 ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT R E C E W E D TO: Floyd G. Belsito, City Administrator MAR 2 4 1978 FROM: H. E. Hartge, Director of Public Works CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH DATE: March 22, 1978 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE SUBJECT: Conversion of Existing Mercury Vapor Street Lights to High Pressure Sodium Vapor Street Lights STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: In an effort to save electrical energy without a loss of street light illumination the Edison Co. requests authorization to convert the existing street lights on our arterial street system from the existing mercury vapor to sodium vapor. RECOMMENDED ACTION: It is recommended that the City Council approve the Edison Co. plans for conversion and authorize their proposed program to proceed on the arterial street system within the City. ANALYSIS There are 627 20,000 lumen mercury vapor Edison-owned street lights existing on the arterial street system within the City. At the scheduled time for replacement of the light bulbs in these mercury vapor lamps, the Edison Co. plans on replacing the entire light fixture with a sodium vapor lamp rated in excess of 20, 000 lumen. This replacement process would continue throughout the City until all of the existing Edison- owned 20, 000 lumen mercury vapor street lights on the arterial street system are replaced with the new sodium vapor lamps. All of the labor and material required for this City-wide conversion to sodium vapor would be at the expense of the Edison Co. No costs would be incurred by the City. In fact the anticipated savings to the City through this conversion would amount to $385. 00 per month. If in the future the Council desired to convert the City-owned street light system to sodium vapor, a pre-determined cost would be calculated at that time. As a point of information the existing mercury vapor street lights are of a blue-green hue whereas sodium vapor street lights cast a yellow- gold color. The acceptance of either is a personal determination. ALTERNATIVES : The existing Edison-owned mercury vapor street light system could remain as is. In that event the potential saving of electrical energy would not be accomplished. FUNDING SOURCE: There are no expenditures of City funds involved in the recommended action. HEH:MZ : jy c�rnzy vix mu'm-nmz Trxym FLB 2 b 1974 INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH H!NIINGTON REACH rp, ADMINISTRATIVE OEM' To David D. Rowlands From H. E . Hartge City Administrator Subject Street Lighting Date February 28 , 1974 Today the lights on the east side of the median in Main Street, in the area of the new civic center, were turned off. This will result in a one-third reduction at that location but will provide lighting on the T,�Test side of the island to acco-ru-tioda-te the school frontage and lights on the east park- , a C - L v to accommodate the civic center frontage. We should both evaluate the results of this move and, if necessary, make further modifications. Within the next two days 500 of the lights on Pacific Coast Higliwav from Beach Boulevard to the vicinity of Eighth Street will be turned off. We- should evaluate these results. :`Te will continue to s,Lxr,dv the possibility of the elimination of other street lights on the -arterial highways in the City. '7H. E. Ha-rtge Director of Public Woriks H_',��'H:a a cc, ChJLe_'L 1:obitai 1-le to CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH CA 74- 10 COUNCIL - ADMINISTRATOR COMMUNICATION HUNTINGTON BEACH A To Honorable Mayor and From City Administrator City Council Members Subject REDUCTION IN STREET LIGHTING Date February 14 , 1974 At the City Council ' s request , the staff reviewed and analyzed documen- tation concerning what affect the reduction of street lighting would have on safety , traffic and crime incidence. Some of the source material that was reviewed included: I. Staff reports by the Advance Planning Section of the Los Angeles Police Department. 2 . Th2 American City, November 1969. 3. Public Works , June 1967. 4. Outdoor Lighting Digest, September 1968. S. Accident Facts , 1972 Edition. It was the conclusion by City staff that if the City were to decrease its street lighting in half, the savings in electrical energy would be only about 0. 70 of the total electrical energy consumed in this area. The foregoing information indicates that a decrease in street lighting will undoubtably result in an increase in certain types of crime and increase a major factor (darkness) in nighttime accidents . The extent of the adverse impacts resulting from reduced street lighting is difficult to assess because local data is not available. There are three other factors to consider in reducing street lighting : 1. The City would have to continue paying the Edison Company even though the lights are turned off. The reason is that the Edison Company has to reciver its capital expenditure for street lights that have been installed throughout the City. 2. Street lighting in Huntington Beach, in general , is substandard in many areas . Except for a few areas such as Pacific Coast Highway from Beach Boulevard to the town lot area and along Main Street adjacent to Huntington Beach High School and the Civic Center and recent signalized intersections , the rest of the city is fairly dark. 3: Liability to the City may increase as a result of reduced street lighting. If only one accident were to occur as a direct result of /r� Reduction in Street Lighting - 2- February 14, 1974 turning off street lights , the consequence could be unfortunate both for the victim and the City. RECOMMENDATION It is recommended that street lighting remain at existing levels of service . Respectfully submitted, J2 David D. Rowlands City Administrator DDR: eh • CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION HUNTINGTON BEACH To H. E. Hartge From Ralph R. Leyva Director of Public Works Subject Councilman Green' s Request for Date February 13 , 1974 Information Introduction At the Council meeting held February 4, 1974 , Councilman Green requested documentation regarding the effect of reduced street lighting on the accident and crime rates. The information is to be available for the meeting of February 19 , 1974 . The request was prompted by a survey which indicated that street lighting accounted for 1. 30 of energy consumed in this Edison Company district. Summary of Documentation The following is a list and analysis of the documentation contained herein. i Item 1 - Chief Robitaille' s memo covering staff reports by the Advance Planning section of the Los Angeles Police Department. I agree with Chief Robitaille' s assessment of the two reports; namely, that it is difficult to measure positively the effect of a single factor in the reduction of crime based on the manner in which the information is presented. It is true that while street lighting may have little or no affect on certain types of crime, other types , such as street crimes , where opportunity of discovery is increased through better lighting, the incidence would be expected to drop. Chief Robitaille' s memo of Decem- ber 14, 1973, cites some results published in two newspapers which indicate various decreases in crime as a result of increased lighting. Item 2 - Los Angeles Police Departments reports dated May 1971 and May 1972. The two reports are included in this transmittal. Listed below are selective excerpts from those reports. Page T: "Further analysis of more representative areas showed a decreasing trend of the number of selected crimes after the installation of street lighting. " Page 3 : "In a telephone interview, Leroy Clark, Director of San Francisco ' s Bureau of Lighting, stated that the ratio of night crimes to day crimes decreased significantly after the installation of lights. Before lights, the ratio of night to day crimes was 2-1/2 times, and after lights the ratio decreased to only 1-1/2 times. However. the total number of crimes in San Francisco increased in all areas , regardless of the presence or absence of lights. " Memo - H.. E. Hartge February 14, 1974 Page 2 Page 8 : "The monthly average of crimes over the period after installation of street lights is 15% lower than the twelve month period before installation of street lights. The moving index suggests that the effects of street lighting on the incidence of crime are gradual rather than immediate. " Note: Any comparison of the crime rate during a twelve month period "before" and a twelve month period "after" should take into con- sideration that the overall rate was probably increasing during the two year period due to various factors including growth. Page 15: "Based on the statistical analysis of selected crimes in the Eighth Councilmanic District, street lighting is a factor in repressing specific crimes. " (Emphasis added. ) Item 3 - The American City, November 1969 "Larger cities with more readily available statistics show the positive effect of modern lighting. For example, in five New York areas new lighting cut the incidence of murder, assault and rape 49%; reduced other adult crimes 18. 3% ; and resulted in a drop of 30% in juvenile delinquency. In Cleveland crimes happen 12% more frequently on dark streets than on streets that are adequately lighted. Random figures from Chicago show that newly lighted police destricts reported 85% fewer robberies , 10% fewer auto thefts and 30% fewer purse snatchings. And a country-wide survey of police chiefs from all types of towns concluded that major crimes of violence are reduced 50% by adequate lighting. " Item 4 - Public Works , June 1967 . "A recent study by the Street and Highway Safety Lighting Bureau indicates that more than 15% of the 49, 000 traffic fatalities in 1965 were the direct result of darkness. The Bureau states that 'this figure does not include deaths caused by drinking or by improper vehicle lights ' and cited poor street lighting as a major cause of nighttime traffic deaths. The method used in arriving at the figure was not stated. " Item 5 - Outdoor Lighting Digest, September 1968. The editorial reports the results of lighting 2 ,240 miles of alleys in Chicago. Although this is probably an extreme case, it does show a substantial decrease in certain types of crime in areas receiving good lighting. Item 6 - Accident Facts 1972 Edition. The information contained therein is obtained by State traffic authorities and the Federal Highway Administration. The bar_ graph shows that the y Memo - H. E. Hartge February 13, 1974 Page 3 nationwide death rate at night is 8 . 3 deaths per 100 , 000, 000 vehicle miles (HMVM) . In urban areas where lighting is normally at a higher level , the death rate is 5. 2 or approximately 37% less than the nationwide rate. In rural areas the death rate was 11. 6 or approximately 40% higher than the nationwide death rate. Although there is a wide difference in the statistics it should be mentioned that there are numerous other factors at work. In rural areas the average speed is probably much higher than in urban areas. However, urban areas have more driveways, intersections, and other points of conflict that are not found in rural highways. The important thing to remember is that darkness obscures danger both to motorists and pedestrians. Another important thing to consider is that higher intensity lighting is normally installed in higher activity areas. Even if the accident rate is higher in lighted areas , compared to unlighted areas, the rate may have been much higher without the increase in street lighting. Conclusion If the City were to cut its street lighting in half, the savings in electrical energy would be only about 0. 7% of the total electrical energy consumed in this area. The foregoing information indicates that a decrease in street lighting will undoubtably result in an increase in certain types of crime and increase a major factor (darkness) in nighttime accidents. The extent of the adverse impacts resulting from reduced street lighting is difficult to assess because local data is not available. There are three other factors to consider in reducing street lighting. One, the City would have to continue paying the Edison Company even though the lights are turned off. The reason is that the Edison Company has to recover its capital expenditure for street lights that have been installed throughout the City. The second thing to consider is that street lighting in Huntington Beach, in general, is substandard in many areas. Except for a few areas such as Pacific Coast Highway from Beach Boulevard to the town lot area and along Main Street adjacent to Huntington Beach High School and the Civic Center and recent signalized intersections, the rest of the City is fairly dark. The third item to consider is that liability to the City may increase as a result of reduced street lighting. If only one accident were to occur as a direct result of turning off street lights , the consequence could be unfortunate both for the victim and the City. Recommendation It is recommended that street lighting remain at existing levels of service. RRL:ae 'Ra ph . L vp( Traff c Engineer IrEM CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION -0H "LlMiNCION 01KII To DAVID D. ROWLANDS From EARLE W. ROBITAILLB City Administrator Chief of Police Subject L.A.P.D. STREET LIGHTING Date 12/14/73 STUDIES, 1971 4 1972 As per your request of December 3, 1 have acquired and studied the two L.A.P.D. studies regarding the correlation between street lighting intensity and crime rate. The first study was concluded in 1971 at the roquest ,of. Councilmen Billy Mills of Los Angeles. I have incluAid as an attachment the findings of that study. Due to the increasing demands being placed oh"other Los Angeles Councilmen to justify their requests for special lighting districts, Councilman Arthur Snyder requeste4; L.A.P.D. ,to. do a COPY 0 another study in March of 1972. 1 have included ' f the conclusions of that study. The problem faced by L.A.P.D. is the data bas�,;t6y, f a4ailstbX'e�.,­ over .i, i"ove ag,**for analysis purposes. They mention that fac,, throughout their report ® s, It must be remembered that the areas under as 6 two reports represent areas where there is an a,14" for law enforcement or the consequences of 1R.1 Yfot. a criminal act. Increased street lighting ha, 1�,i Opt . Wmn -yer. effective against street crimes; rap 11. 8 Tob etc. It will have very TMTO'iffect on b Jae 3�:vf X stealth or deceit. Over M of cities surveyed throughout the'l! X- _?.Q,7g decreases of 7% to 704 in ;those selected c ' expect to be affected afteT better 1 ight in.1 T� lk 11" The National Safety Council has conclusive' accidents in motor vehtclite 'can be reduc The wall Street Journal,ova ,;anuary 6, 1971, February 20, 1971 both cartiod results of. on this area. They repoftod' that there we 41" - 25% decrease in Wiihing ton q 'D.C. *1J*iA*gt6h Delaware 28% Owiiiiboto tentucky'.1".,Chi 301 e4g.0 Ill. (kilo I feel that theI.A;f. )rt simply' 4, 4! 113 t 1 ;1 oy possess suf f is ient data 'to le a valid d 0 l \ ®®® CITV OF HUNTINGTONH INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION W-Nn GWN Wncw To G. L. PAYNE, Capgain From E. F. BORWICK Administration Div. Cmdr. Planning $ Research Subject STREET LIGHTING PROGRAM Date 11 DECEMBER 1973 Attached are two staff reports submitted by the Advanced Planning Units of the Los Angeles Police Department analyzing the effects of street lighting, traffic and criminal activity. The first report was prepared upon the request of Councilman Billy Mills , dated November 23, 1970. The analysis was completed on May 4, 1971 . Because of the complexity of criminal. behavior, it was difficult to measure the effect of a singli deterrent in the prevention of crime. The study revealed that,`no matter how twisted and turned the data, no direct correlafio#t could be found ° between increased street lighting and a reduction:}'in trit e. It was indicated, however, that specific crimes did decrease while others increased or remained static. The second report was prepared upon the request of Councilman Snyder, dated March 17 , 1973. Again, as in the first instance,;,'the results were the same. It was difficult to measure the effect of a single factor in the prevention of crime. They found tWit . the factors that contribute to the number and severity of txkc .accidents are numerous and complex. Therefore, only general ii erences-"ar_e drawn in the study. Respectfully submi.tted:, .. E. F. BORWICK Planning $ Re,se#ch Unit EFB:kdl i I r . F'rurrt the desk of T � E. M. DAVIS, Chief of Police 49arcn 0 , 1972 ASS'T. CHIEF CA U.'114 ' 1 ' Attached is . a letter from Counci:mart Snyder and my response to him. hlea:;c update the old study we did for Councilman Mills, including the additional data requested by Mr. Snyder. Deadline : May 5 F. M U i re l' o •ow- • f I 1. 1 Ftarch 17, 1972 The Honorable Arthur K. Snyder Councilman, -Fourteenth uistrict i(oom 333 , City Hall Los Angelus, California 90012 Uttar Art: We did a vary extensive% �;tiidy on the impact of street lighting on police proble:m,i, particularly crime, up .through about one yoar ago, at, the re que::t of Councilman Mills. My recollection .. is that no matter how we twitted and turned. the information, io direct corrulatiOn- could be found bctwean incre' aewd street lighting and a reduction in .crima. I will havo that. study brought iup to date and see if the experience of the pa:it year brinrys about any change in' the ! results . There mig`it tie a time: delay-factor that would noif make the situation brighter, for the' pro-light people. We will inc:luda all' of your sugge:;tion's in this reviled Study. Bucauae of the- complicated stati.;tical , nature of the ag4iydis, if it is all right with you, I' will .ustahlibh, s deadline of 60 day:;, and will .end your committee the: report on epproxi- , mutely May 19. Sincerely , :?. M. DAVIT Chief .of Police VID:hp cc : AGst. Chief Gaunt /. i ' t L ttiZ L�t1111iC11 AwT—P K rcta Llt1i CT March 14 , 1.972 Chief Edward M. Davis " '+► Z . Los Angeles Policu. Dupartment Room 615 , Parker Center Dear Ed r or many, years we have been hoarinrl•--and believing--the Praise for adequate street lighting) as a deterrent for urban crime'. J. ,Edgar Hoover, has often :spoken of this effect, reports have. been written about the experience of. many •eastern cities , and .Cony' ressional reports have surveyed not only American cities but many overseas as well and have apparently proven the effectiveness. As you know, Billy Mills committed himself to a program toward this end several years ago, and many of his lighting districts have been completed. Soon after taking'_office .I commenced along the same lines, and there are pending in Northeast Los Anycics an entire series of lighting districts, which if approved' by the residents will camplete,ly, light Northeast Division along the most modern lines within the f' next three or four years_ . 1 However, the great enthusiasm that people showed for the program three years ago has somewhat waned the downturn in the economy and the realization that they wer'd going to have to pay most of the cost themselves. Recently -the hearings have become 'more bitter and the 'protests more numerous. And the accuracy of statements to the ef•f6ct. that lighting deters crime has been strongly questioned. While I am able to quota statistics from Gary, Indiana and Chicago, I find myself at a disadvantage relative to our own City. What I , and .my fellow Councilmen, really need is a good comprehensive report from our own Police' Depa_rtment. .. which reports on .the experience we hav ' had here. in Los'. , �� Angeles. . • r. f . Edwacd M. D)_Ivls :1aCci1 la , 19722 pagc Z ' it is requested, thCll, that your Department investigate into this m'a tei , c%am.iiie your records for com a '�4 1� periodsb ftor the installation of full lighting ..systems in variuu::., p rtions of,-the City-o L. es <in report to me as Chaim--man of the Police:, Fire and Civil Defense Committee as' to- the 'e.rfebtiveness of ' the installation- - of 'lighting systems in Los Angeles as a deter.ri:nt to criminal ' activity in our City. it is further requested, that in this same survey you examine into the effectiveness of such lighting in decreasing traff' ies d deaths, and sim arTy report. .1 feel that there may come out of this effort, information that will be helpful in obtaining support for a- 'more widespread program which will aid in the protection of the citixens :.df. oui City. Thank you for your assistance. Very, pi y yours, Co ici mah Fourtee t?i District. AKS:jlb t, tTY OF LOa NGELES CAL-1V0HNIA v 11i�ygL / OFFICE OF"THE` {.�, / ` OEPAR,7MUNT OF • c►+Ier_of c oLiCE f01plAMD 'M DAY IS t 150 W LOS ANGi 1 fS,fT. ( -1` - LOS ANGLLES. CALIF 60012 IMAM. ' - Ova.REF'. No l�' _Z ,AA1- Y6H ( i • �. MAi t)! . :4Lly i 1I0110rable .:illy G. rills cbunci.-?iaan, 'Ay'itii pistrict izuot,- 2, 7', ciLy :,all. Lo's Ahn lest California" 90012 Dear Councilman :•fills: Attachod i W" a copy o f a ,it f f rc t�or re par,ed for Council.wan Snyder. This rej ort a;i kyzc-s .th4 effects" of street 1iyhtiiig upon cri-i,-:; aa(. : fie relatiohaaip of strut lightin,q to traffic . acci. ants. ! The cr..iwu portion of .this re N�rt,`i re e::at►r nation' . of the reports , forti�arded to your of. tce on; tidy 4, 119110 Crime . statistics were" based upon C' La 'supplied from portions. of 71t11 street and :.out.w ..t uivis. ,oin "1oc�t+s 3 in your C'ouncilri;anic District;: Tlie ' t3dor,t is forwarded for .;%our i; on ition.` Very`" truly. Yours, •. JACK G. . cCJ,LIid5 ,. Assista"t Civic f !`t ACting Chief of Police is Widlosure ^ITY OF Los ANGEL/ 7S CALI FOR N IA. { n\lq�v: + OF,F.ICE Of THE � OEPARI'MENT OF CHIEF OF POLICE Pouck •` iDWARp,M. DAJU 190 N_ LOS ANGELES BY. '.. LOS ANGELES,CALIF. 000/lam �3),, 48 �E4004 s A M Y u H T'Y OUR REF KO. 9. 2 MAYOR :lay 2.3, 1.972 honorable Arthur i:. Snyder Councili;lan, Fourteenth District doom 333, City Hall Los Angeles, California 90012 Dear Councilman Snyder: Pursuant to your request,yattaclteL: - is , 4 statf. report, analyzing the effects of `streut- D (tiny updiri' :criue,: and the relationship of " stree'L li,• :piny , to traffic accidents. •Since criminal behavior is com.:lc: , . it is (1ifficult to measure the effect .of .a sinc3l,:� 'actor in the prevention of crime. Similarly,, I :c factors that contribute to the number and :.jVLI• :ty of traffic accidents are `numerous and . comj�le;:. �lic;refaire, only general inferences are drawn in t,. j study. This report re-.exanui.nes a. 1971 :;tL, r, and differs '- } . from the ',report in its-effect` of ":ect li4htst .on the . incidence of .some selected cri_ays . . + Very truly yours., t JACK G. COLLINS, Assistant C,iief Lcting Chief of .Police Encl'os-ure . . • e , i I I EFFECTS OF S.TRF.ET LIGHTING ON TII1 INCIDENcr OF CRIME AND TRAFFIC � ACCIDENTS IN THE EIGHTH COUNCIIAI. '' DISTRICT y Advance Planning Section May, 1972 i t r aryl y ' r a -TABLE OF CONT' JTS PART TITLE PAGE INTRODUCTION AIJU SUR"LY OF FINDIWGS Y I FIELD SURVEY INFUk.NATIUN 2 II COMPILATION OF STATISTICAL DATA 4 I"II INTERPRETATION OF ` fJ;; S`l'ATISTICAL DATA �. MONTHLY PLOT OF SELECTIVE CRIMES' GRAPH 1 OCCURRING DURING HOURS OF DARKNESS FOR 9 AREAS RECEIVING STREET LIGHTS COMPARED WITH AREAS NOT RLCEIVING STREET LIGHTS NUMBER OF SELECTIVE CRIMES OCCURRING, GRAPH 2 DURING FOURS OF DARKNESS DURING TWELVE 10 MONTliS BEFORE AND AFTER INSTALLATION OF 'STREET- LIGHTS ' MOVING INDEX OF SELECTED CRIMES OCCURRING GRAPH 3 DURING HOURS OF DARKNESS DURING TWELVE 11 MONTHS BEFORE AND AFTER INSTALLATION OF` STREET LIGHTS IV SURVEY OF; LITERATURE FOR ANALYSIS OF 12 RELATION6HIP -BETWEEN STREET LIGHTING A14D TRAFFIC ACCIDLNTS V CONCLUSION 15 3 r � v INTRUDUCTIU« on marca 17, 1972 , Councilman :,rt iur Snyder requested that .} an analysis he made on the eff::rt.� of stre�.�t liht;i.ng upon ', ,.crime- in a, representative area in Los Angeles. 110 also requested that .we examine the cf.f,ctiv(_1ness of street lighting in decreasing traffic ace;.identu, inj,urieu and deaths. An extensive study on impact of street lighting on crime in the Fighth Councilr;.an.'.c; jistrict was completed for Councilman Hilly G. .M,ills on. : &ay 4, 1971. `The following report re-evaluates this study anc, in addition presents the most recent information on ,the re.' ativnshit) between' :street 'lighting and traffic accidents. SUMMARY OF F INDL:IGS + According to newspaper articles., . aver 85 per cent ef ,tho cities surveyed in the United utates have Qxperiancc d a, decrease in crime ranging 'frori seven per cant to adventY . per cent in , areas in which strait lichits have t en .insjAlledl However, some cities note that criniu in ed jaunt 'areas increased. * A sampling .of the residents in th•! Lighth Coungilmanic District by Basic . Car Plan Lead off icers reve ii that residents feel .safer singe the izi :tallation of ,8"tr,det. lighting. * Statistical analysis of areas of. t_t:e ricjhth Cb►Unc lmanic • District recc*iving , street lightu `'rm January. through� .September 1971 showed that tho iftc, nee of`, crime. did not differ from unlighted areas; while ih 1971 there was an increase .in crimes in the lighted, areas. however, further .analysis o n;or re k i entat. ve areas 3ho,.#ed . a decreasing` ,trend .of thu- F4utNa;e e�>�' eel�ect+ d` Crimes t t after the installation of street liyhtoo } * The nighttime accident rate and severity (&ii fatalities) is well documented .tn 1je ovar twice the dayt md' rate. It can be inferred thhat 04i Xiiesu is.: a r jc r factor I contributing to the increase) rat k, and eeygrity^. 1`Iier�af©r+3 i ! t1ke. lij ht.' n � > . y of streets, to r;►cc*C a'?clar�e stiquatQ for , t 'traffic safety- wi-ll reduce tIze Q.f facts 4f Iat f Ctbr as !' a contributor to. nighttime accident rate�t� €' rl"LD SUINLY IUP: Field evaluations were solicits.: tc,. ul.,tain a pruliminary picture of the effect of street l i; ms upon cri:a,c. L lluestionnaire was (,liven to t:io 1,,id car in each Basic Car Plan area .in t::e Ei(jhth Councihu10.1ii-- District with street lights. These officers were ashtd t:ieir evaluation cif how the crime rate in 'their area was of fQcted by street licf:its. The, responses to the questionnaires ware inconclusive. 'file majority of the officers were not assigned to the area when the lights were installed'. Jf"icers assigned to the. Southwest-. Division attribute any recent decrease in, the i crime rate to the use of helicont�-r patrols and the' increase . in the nutnl)er of patrol units. S3vcral of th'd officers surveyed the residents in the concerned areas and found that the residents feel more at ease with the lights, In addition, many persons attending the; Basic Car Plan, meetings have stated that they felt safer outside: at night, since the ' street lights have been install('-d.. . Both The gall Street Journal, January 6, 1971; and the Los rn Angel .�ies, February , 1971, h► ive carried articles""' concerning We relationship beteeen street lights anti: crime. The articles reported the following decrea3es in sielectoo crimes: Owensboro, Kentucky-?3 t1 ar ,cent;' Wilmingtosi,; Delaware-seven per cent; ' Gary, Indiana-70 par semi and, Washington, D.C. ,-25 per cent. The Wall Street Journal's article stated that lightingoften re uses crime In a particular area, h6wever, tiie incidence of crime increases in the adjacent areas.. This was particularly true in Chicago where lights dramatiC�tily reduced crime in alleys_ by 30. per cent,, but the;, cri on main streets and other areas rose 33 per cent.• Assistant. Director John E. Kartlel, Bureau of Traffic Engineering and Operations, 'rJaslii icy Lpn, D.C. , supplied: this office with the most ,recent ' :;tatistics -orn its ":Before- After" lighting lighting program in Washin jton, D.C.. Is five high- crime test areas. The "program began in 1970 and by the end of ,ttie 1972 .a calendar year one fourth of the City, will have' sodium' vapor lights. The data for the full test areas ,ovurs "Before-lifter'" crime figures from 1969 to 1971. Since the ' installstion of the high intensity lights in 1 )70, the crime rate has dropped 30 per cent. Prior to the installation. of 'the 'li hts', the crime ratio dropped (per cent change 1969' versus 1910 over 16 per cent. Mr. Hartley i, -_lici�ted that the 't�f,fice of Criminal Justice, Plans and ivalysis, has engaged a consulting firm for more detaile( evaluations of high intensity lighting as, a deterrent to nighttime crime in Washington, U.C. In a telephone interview, Leroy Clark, Director of San Francisco' s Bureau of Lighting , _hated that the ratio of night crimes to day crimes de crez..;ed significantly after ,the installation of lights. Before_ lights, the ratio of night to day crimes was 2 and 1/2 times, and after lights ` the ratio decreased to only 1 and 1/10 times. However, the total number of crimes in San Francisco increased in all areas regardless. of the presence or absence of lights. i ` -3- PART II COMPIL11TIOU OF 5'i'L 1 'lCAL DI.'.".1 The Eighth Councilinanic district ..raddlc,:; the Southwest and 77th Street Police Divisions ut does not cover Uie entire area encompassed t•y the Di, _sign:;. Within each Police Division, crime data arm r, ;urded according to a "reporting district" designation. Crime Cata from certain selected categories were ;se,nbled for. analysis by data processing means for Cvi �riod fron January 1, 1969, throutjh Septo-riber 30, 1971. ':i,r: riw` categories selected were homicides, purse snatches, f,-r.cible raix-'s, robberies, aggravated assaultsa and businu:;:; ; irglarics takincj place between 8: 00 P.H. and 5:00 A.M. e total bu:;iness burglaries were listed on the ass: iption that 90 per cent occur duting the hours of darknes. . Data on homicides, purse snateiies, forci!ale rapes, aggravated, assaults, street robberies, and -,iness burglaries were subjected to analysis and are ropI rted in the enclosed graphs The street lighting installation .1ta were obtained from the Eureau of Street Lighting , of 4_:ie nepartnent of Public Works. For those instances in Ai street lighting districts were not coincident-al with police reporting districts, "best estimates" were lade. The dates of the formation of the various street lighting districts were recorded, and :he crime data for ', ,c various reporting districts were grouped on a mont:i-:.y-raontn basis throug% this period of tine in two group:;. The first group consists of Cie fc;llowing twelve reporting districts of the .x:ighth Councilr ai.is district which are not illuminated by street lig:its : 3841 .385, 388, 1205, 1206, 1214, 1215, 1216, 1233, 124 1253, 1281. The second group consists of t}:c following 36 reporting districts in which street lic;.its were activated during the two year period: 336, 337, 312 , 343, 344 , 345, 354, . 355, 353, 362, 363, 368, 371, 373, 3.75, 3774 378, 385, 389, 393, 395, 397, 398, 122301224, 12Z: , 1227, 12340 12351 1237, 1239, 1245, 1247, 1248, 1249. The reporting districts that were lighted prior to the . beginnin(3 of the study were elimirzted from consideration. Two maps are attached which depict the location of the concerned reporting districts in )uthwest and 77th Street Divisions. r4 _ Areau with street licyIiting installed, -- since: January., 1n69 1FK1TIU DISTRICT !"P A ,� - :areas witnoutt, street lighting ou Onutwo A I HWEST I 1 ` 1 = Areas with street- -- - - i '"' .-._.`'__. lighting installgd tOr1Si�3AgiA B1 . A AYE.NU 1870 Foam17.03A0 � before January, 1969 4A ©! AOAMS BLVO 321 .i 324 325 326 t ® MONTCLAIR ST. $22 323. ® NORMANOIE AVE. .._. * 8 (� -VERMONr AVE — (9� WASim"TON &MO. 332 333� 5 s. ® &E. 331 F N J L_�. ..J ® STOCOo-;ER ST c f , ® 61h AVE PE. � 1,cif •ti•: V►CT09MA ME. v.i,�( '` ,. 30 ® MOOAIER ST ' ® LA TIARA BLVD. 777 FF .LA BREA AVE 351 �.. ALVISO ® OEANE AYE. r ® WESTERN AVE. I '� 7,1, At �' . - �' i! � • ��,`P{fit Jr hy'.tN. i 391 �� F ; 382 3B6 387 �� e *ALL BOIM{OA6ilE$ ALOW CENTER LIK Of STREET UNLESS WgWATEO O"iftwa. 44 � > { SL AU-t. AVE 1207 } I i J247. .. ( .(N �sz^a ST ' Im 1257 in ig ST 1204 r (s) ALLEY (�) NORA9AN01E AYE. B296t 1293 6 tJi MALLoALE WE. 063 Ir..._...J 100 ST © WESTERN AVE. ' loolh ST I �" (J GRAMERCY PL. Area's with street U ALLEY I # lighting i g� t� �''. 318tE1i1Ertl., coflTON WE. 128Y sin"co January, 19i9 U Sig, ST f Cd) 974hST , Aicas without, streot c� GRAPE sT l i h in to^ ST. C� com"ON A/c. U CROEWUS WE ��,:� , Areas- wi:th' '-troo-t it STAaas:ORD WE. , 1 I i4jht n# ;1:1li t,►l:j 120M ST I bo fore Jair.>ia " Y ;,.1969 U OilICUXY AVE � e COWTON CREEK, CZ { CENTRAL AVE , mum oil . I M O i .. { ARTESK BLVO. T SAN MEGO Ion OX MA-St DATE: b* -6- i PART III INTERPRETATION OF THE S'.VVIISTICAL DATA An evaluation of the data collected is presented .in graph form on the following pages. Tl,c: numbers of homicides forcible rapes, aggravated assaults, robberies, purse i snatches, and business burglaries during the hours of darkness were totaled together. Graph I illustrates they sele.cteo monthly crimes occurring during hours of darkness for arc-us with street lighting installed since January 1969 compared to areas not receiving street lights. In January 1971, there were a. total of 36 . reporting districts with street lights as . . compared to twelve reporting districts without street lights. The 1970 study suggested that street lights may have been a factor in reducing crime in tht> Lighth. Councilmanic District. Those areas receiving street lights in the 1971 study show an increase in crime suggesting that, street lights are not a major factor in crime prevention. The different results may be attributed to the increased number of reporting districts studied and the omission of residential burglaries in the 1971 study, Residential burglaries were excluded arince approximately 90 per cent , of residential burglaries occur Curing the daytime. Further analysis of the data shoved that business burglaries accounted for over 91 per cent of the total. nUmber of crises - ` , ` for the lighted districts. The number of husiaiiss burglaaries increased over 33 per cent , from t i;e. first nine 'months 'of 1969 compared to the same nine aucath period in 1971. :All . , other selected crimes showed an i,icrease of only thr ee p►er cent for the same`time periods. To further examine the relationship of the street lights to crime, a representative sample was selected -which would give less weight to business areas. Sopeful'ly® the business burglaries in the selectod' areaa would hot skew . the data as in the previous graph. Graph 2 illustrates the number of selected crimes occurr'"#. during hours of darkness twelve months before and twelve" months after installation of street lights. (Sgatiatice from ten representative reporting districts were' used for Graph 2 and Graph 3) . . Although there was considerable variation from month-,ito- month, the trend for the period pl for to installation :of street lights is upward, while the trend for the pdriodl after installation of street lights is downward® -7- . . JI.sLC" ITV.: L.0 .i.'6 .:V J.:J (A' :.�t:1".1 `..a......�. 7_` :r.S .. t.reas :�c< i .jin.; �'tr�ct :.i•;..ts :.xc-as .:ot Recei ri:. _,t-eet { j J. 3 3 4 7 IQ' I ,.I4 '. IO,::I2 3 lh: i " 173 23 26 30 311 31 31 3G 3G 36 36 36 36 30 3,6 36 Graph 3 illustrates the moving index of selected crims occurring during hours of darknc-ss twelve months before . and twelve months after installation of street lights. The monthly average of crimes ovQr the period after installation of street lights is 15 per cent lower than the twelve month period before iii:Aallation of street lights. The moving index suggests that the effects . of \ street lighting on the incidence of crime are gradual. rather than immediate. The ten repotting districts used .a6 to representative sample for statistics used in Graphs 2 and 3 are:, 342, 344, 353, 354, 355, .3620 373, 397, 1224m 1245. s GRAD Ii 2 ITUIBEP. OF SELECTED CRIP•irS OCCURRING DURING FOURS OF DAR-KNESS. DURING TWELVE :<<ONTHS BEFORr AND %XTER IIZT.� ,LATION OF STREET LIG17TS 70 NMTBER 60 OF CRIMES 50 DURING , !,'OURS \v/ t 40 OF DARKNESS 30 20 10 Period , 12 11 10 9 8 T 6 S .4 3 2 1 . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 MOVM BEFORE INSTALLATION MONTHS AFTER- I-I STALLATION GRAPH 3 :IOVI2:G INDEX OF SELECTED CRIt-.IES OCCCP.PING ilJRI:IG I10URS OF D!,. is LSS . DURI:dG, iaSEI.VI: i:O:iTI;S BEFORE AND AFTER INSTALLATION OrSl':1.LT' Ii:CsI?T S 140 PT'I?CT'id'P ' �} - OP 12 � MONTH 1 ,ZLRO MON"47P) 80 13 60 I I 40 12 .11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 - 7 8 9 10 11 12 t-10IMRS BEFORE I!ISTALI.PrL I011 MONTHS. AFTER INSTALLATION Deaths and death rates by day and night .maths by day and month Motor-vehicle deaths at night total only a few thousand more than during -Motor-vehicle death totals"vary sharply for.different days of the week the day, but deaths related to travel are sharply higher at night,.as noted .in different months of-the year.Totals run above average from Friday through the table below. In urban places, the mileage death rate at night is nearly day,and during the last half of the year. three",times the day'rate; in rural places, the night rate is about two and one- The figures shown below are"complete"deaths,which include all motor-ve half times the day rate. deaths that occur within twelve months after the day of accident. Tht-se t fit CENT KATI should not be compared with "immediate" death figures, such as thoseqi 0f NEVIS IATEs* during holiday periods. These latter -totals include only those deaths w occur during the holiday period from accidents which occur during the ho TOTAL DAY 4t� 3 t t period, and do not include any subsequent deaths. NIGHT 53% 5.3 DAY 4t7e is Motor-Vehicle Deaths by Day and Month. 1971 URBAN" NIGHT 53% 5r 1871 Oedhs Total Deaths by Month and Average Deaths by pay - M Day . Day DAY 41% 4.3 x I Ave. .Jan. I Feb. Mar. Apr. May I Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oc Gov RURAL NIGHT 53% I t.6 -Toter^ ioa% 54,700 4,000 3,400 3,700 4,410 4,690 6,s80 5,470 5,109 4,65o 5,400" 4,5W Daily Ave. - ISo 129 121 119 147 161 146 176 165 155 174 150 ® source state traffic aetAartieS Need the 4< 0412ths ter 100,000.800 reuale®ilex. Monday - 12% 126 108 102 100 123 127 122 148 139 130 146 126 federal sitheal Aftaistratim Tuesday 10% 105 90 85 83 103 1p6 102 123 1t6 108 122 105 Wednesday _ 11% 116 100 94 92 114 117 112 136 128 120 135 .116 Thursday - 12% 126 108 .102 100 123 127 122 148 139 130. 146 126 ,{ .gyp Friday - 17% 179 154 144 142 175 180 173 210 197 185 208 179 QgCit�olltS by hour by t#�y Saturday - 21% 221 190 178 175 217 222 214 259 243 228 256 221 Sunday 17% 179 154 1" 142 175 180 173 210 197 185 208 179 Accidents by hour of day vary importantly by day of week. As noted in the Source:Based on reports from 21 state traffic authorities. table below, fatal accidents occur most frequently during the following hours: weekdays, except Friday-evening'rush; Friday-late night; Saturday-late ®eafe m9eage and rates by month afternoon and night; Sunday-early morning. See page 51 for number of deaths by day of week. Motor vehicle deaths, travel, and death rates are at their lowest level Hourly Distribution of Accidents b Da of 1A/ee6t January and February. Deaths increase during the summer months and re y y y at this general level the rest of the year. In 1971 the highest death total Few AcelOents All Aooidents in July; over the 1969-1971 period, however, the highest average death m Due Mon.- Mon_ has been in October. During the 1968-1971 period, January deaths incre Total Thum. Fri. sat. Sun. Iota► Thane. Fri. the most; November decreased the most. Travel reaches a peak during Total 100 0% 100.0% 100.0% 1�.0% 1�.ox 109.0% t�.o% 180.0% 1a o% 1M1.0% vacation months of July and August. Death rates generally rise during Midnight 5.2 a.z 4.0 6-57s 2.7 1.6 2.0 4.1 5.3 year with October recording the,highest rate. 100 a.m.' 5.0 3.7 4.0 6.1 8.3 2.4 1.5 1.6 3.8 5.5 2:00 a.m.'- 4.4 2.9 2.7 6.5 7.2 1.9 1.1 1.2 3.1 4.3 Motor-Vehicle Deaths, Mileage and Rates by Month 3:00 a.m._ •2.8 1.7 1.6 4.0 5.6 12 0:7 0A 2.0 3.0 4:00 a.m.' 1.8 1./ 1.4 2.5 3.1 0.8 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.8 5:00 a.m._ 1.9 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.7 0.7 0-8 0.6 1.0 1.2 Dolt" 196111-1971 Average 6:00a.m. 2.3 2.6 2.2 2.0 2A 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.2 12, r iloatle you Per CentchiNase. % 7-.W a.m._ 2-7 3.4 2.8 1.8 1.6 4.2 5.6 4.2 1.7 1.2 1t1y0 '19" Doaths yAHop &W a.m._ 2.6 3.4 2.3 1.7 1.6 4.6 6.1 4.7 2.4 1.5 19N 1959 IM-1971 "M-1971 me-tn. 2.3 2.7 1.6 22 1.8 3.5 4.0 3.3 3.1 2.5 4 10�0 am. 2.7 3.2 2.4 2.5 1.9 4.1 4.2 3.8 4.3 4.2 Total 4f4„ W MGM54,8a0 54,T90 - •% - •% 100.0% 100.0%, 11:008.m.r 3.1 IS 2.9 2.9 2.0' 4.9 5.0 4.6 5.4 4.0 � January � 3,475 3,880 9,750 4,000 +15 + "7 7.0 7.7 4 Noon 3.3 3.T 2.9 3.0 3.2 5.5 5"7 5.2 5.7 5.0 February 3.633 3,480 3,680 3,390 + 7 - 9 6.4 7.3 4 1:00 p.m.- 3.7 4,1 3.9 3.4 " 2.7 5.4 5.3 5-1 SA 5 2 March 4.236 4.200 4.150 3,700 -14 -12 7.3 110 . 4 2:00 p.m. 4.2 4.8 3.9 3.5 3-6 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.8 April 4.165 4.200 4,100 4.410 + 5 + 8 7.7 go 4 3:00 p.m.- 5.3 6,2 6.4 a.0' 3.5 7.7 8"3 7.8 6.5 6 4 May 4.645 4,930 4.730 4,690 + 1 - 1 8.6 8.3 4:00 p.m._T' 5.9 6.8 5.5 5.3 5.0 8.6 9.5 9.1 6.8 6.8 June 4,$33 4,830 4,720 4.480 -. 3 - 5 8.5 8 7, 5:00 P.M._ 6.7 7.7 6.5 5.3 6.1 6.3, 9.1 -8.8 6.5 6"8 JWy 4,839 4.970 4,910 5,470 +13 +11 9 3 9.0 _ 6-00 P.M. 6.5 6,4 6.9 5.8 6.9 5.91 5.7 6.2 5.7 6.3- August 5.189 5.510 _ 5,160 5,100 - 2 - 1 9 5 8.9 m._ 6.0 5.9 6.a 6.3 5.7 5.1 4.7 5.4 S.s 5.6 September 4,894 4,900 .4.960 4.660 - 5 - 6 8.8 8.5 7:00 `. p. October - 4.918 5,220 5,230 5,400 +10 + 3 9.6 8.5 tt"4 e 8:00 p.m.V 5.3 5.4 5 5 5"2 5 2 42 3.7 4.6 4.8 4.9 November_ "5,276 5,020 4,550 4.500 -17 - 1 8.5 84 V 9:00pm.; 5.5 5.1 7.8 5.3 4.6 3.9 3.5 4A 4A 4,5 December - 4.959 4,880 4,860 4.900 - 1 + 1 8.8 8 10.00 P.M. r 5.2 4? 7.2 5.4 4.3 3.6 3.0 4.5 4.4 3.8 ---- 11:00 p.m._ 5.5 4.8 7.7 6A 3.8 3.4 2.5 4.6 4.7 3.2 Source: 1968 deaths from National Center for Health Statistics. 1969-71 deaths are NSC est,mates m Source Based on reports from 20 state traffic auttwrities. •Hour beginning. from Federal Highway Administration tOeaths per 100.000.000 vehicle miles. 50 NT FACTS 1972 EOitian .---------�----�._T___ MptOR-YEM1CiF. Pi•.RT IV. SUIN:N '7 ' I,I:'.T':•%.':tt';:' rt':�,: i.'I:i �)1, �,�lr.• AND TRI FTC ACC I D:1''.'v., 'Pith rcl betwueri t`lc: in: t . Liation of :;trt:ut liy:ltilc�� and 5ui�s��; _loot r(,ductioll in ni ;:iL .:.�.,i�� tr: ffic accidents Ala:; l),:on o- ;tao) filled by several a•1: ':01'lt aa.f0t,/ Coo IciI i970 Fdlt;ion, tL:,i'., .i L,iat ill urLan .iJlac c:s the 1: lk>ay�, cl�,.ct`i rate at ni..,,,t i :.early tl;rc: times the day rate. 1'he t:ailin��t��,i :'aria t.otur Vc:;l.i.�1� ic,c .it St.l(;y detercl�iilec: c:;le dir0ct c:c.,.: Of motor vc1:.i'.-1 and incident: incurred �-)y- th,� residents of talc. :�ilincJton : etror�olitail Area. in the t-xt_-1vL! month hcriva April 1, 1964 , and starch 31, 1965. Involvements or incidence of accidents. were sf�yre�;ath�i :)y pi riod of c!ay 'file study revealed t:lat 11 per cent of the involvements , ac;countinU for 17.4 per`;cunt of the cost:;, occurred :.etvicen midnight and 6 a.in. , hours::durin(j which only five por cent of the traffic: occurred, ':'here data relate to the, 1,ational Safety C'ounCil statistics 1a:; :stated above. ':'he c:ir,_,ct costs of. accidents - classified l:y period of day and accident severity showed that thte average cost of involvuniunts- 'ahich occurred in daylight was considerably lower C -428 .per involvement.), than the average: for those. which occurYod in bark. conditions ($757) ' 'here street light %,;as provided, the average cost of involver„enta in dark con(!ition . was only :$5:49 compared. , cith an svcrage of 51,341 for` locat ons at which np street,,. lightint; was provided. The :standard. Summary of Motor Vui:iclu Traffic Accidents' 1. as prepared by the Los Angel,_,,s Police Department shows that for the past three years nic;l:t acciGents accounted for 40.6 per cent of all aeeidents iii the City of :cos Angeles;. Night accidents accounted for an vein higher' percentage of fatal accidc;,nts. In 1971 nicl!lt f LiLal accidents: were. 51 2 per . cent of tale total. fataliti,-;e, .:,id inL 1969 night fatal .. accidents were 56. 6 per cent of t_`e total fatal.. accidents. The Depart::gent of 'traffic 00tiiia,tc.s that only 1.5 per, cent' of -the total: traffic volume occur' from 3:OO ,p.n►, to .6. .00. 11.n . The nic he fatal: traffic acciu6 ate: is about. two- end-once third times the daytime rate. (sec ^able I) Despite low traffic. volumes, the -nilit accident rate is unusually high because of reduce( visibility due to poor lighting, and hur.;an limitatio n:; '211e eyes of the average motorist ad)t poorly to darl-n ss and this problew. beeomQa _ more Serious as one grows older. . L Other factors which increase the night accident rate include driver fatique and driving ' :. under the influence , in addition, there is r a lack 'of understanding by many r:� torsts arts pedcstrinE regarding the hazards of niqilt ciri.-✓ing. Many motorist"s i tend to drive faster in the: dark t.iian in tzi, daytime or in lighted areas Because. of tiit:5u ifactors, the nit'lit accident rate will remain hiy'c.er tnan the clay rate. r{: _ TI11�Li: i P4rc( iiCa<Je ut total vul,ic l :,ccidellts, fatal 1 accidents , and traffic volu,:;,. in city of Los Angele:; from 1969 through 1'1'/l !)ay* 1')u`_3 ACCiduIIL 4ti. 5'21 57. G� c',At01 56 . v 41. 2 1970 Accidullc. 41. 56. 9 fatal 53. :.' 44. 6 1971 Accident 40. 3 57.9 fatal 51. 2 46. 2 *Dawn uusk i:; approximately 2'% of each total In graphical form it shows thusly: Fatal Total Accidents (� Traffic Volume N] ;1:`1' titi d. DI % 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 85 PART V CoNCLU ION .� Based on the :statistical analysis of selected crimes in the Eighth Councilmanic Uisttriut. , ,;trueL lighting is a factor in repressing specific; cr tries, however, business jurg.,_aries which accounted for over 92 per cent of the selected crimes in Graph 1 are not affected by the presence or absence of street liglitiny. Graphs 2 and 3-show that the installation of lighting for ten representative reporting districts clots reduce the upward trend of selected crimes. They random sampling in this study was too small to ace;urately forecast the effectiveness of street lighting for the entire City. Therefore, a larger statistical sampling would be needed to confirm this hypothesis. According to available literature, the lighting of streets to standards adequate for traffic safety is an important factor in reducing the night accident rate. -15- CITY OF Lyon ANGELES .� CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF cti1Lr OF IPOUCK ROINARD M. DAVIS _ a � f 1140 N. LOS ANGELES ST. ^;..� LOS ANGELES, CALIF t ,J 9001 *qMx IN REPLYING ►LXA59 GIVE SAM YORTY *up REF. NO. j.2 MAYOR G.F. 02329,70 Iioriuraule councili uan 31lly Mills £iuhth Councilmanic District Room 237, City Pall Los Angeles, California Vie i'olice Der.cxrtmont has completee.l a study of the effect of str%e:.t liclhts upon crime in the Eighth Cuuncilt%anic Diatriat:, as yoU raquestea. The resulting Ktaff report is attached. Becauae of tiro complexity of criminal ueiiavior, it is Difficult to taL-asure tine effect of a single dotar- rent in the prevention of crime. The attached ntudly was based upon data readily available. Because of- time azul mannower limitations, it is not fensible tr, docwl!I�71t and tinllyze all of the possible factors correl"ting wit.i street li<fhtu to deter c;rimo During t�ii:; perjoc; in the l:i(;hth Councilmanjc ji tri t-. • t:.11. UAV I t; Chief of Police Attac:ment RPI.ATIONSHIP I ETWrEll STRrFT LIMITING MD TILE IidCIDI:IJC'' OF CIMU, IN TIM EIGHTH COUNCILMANIC DISTRICT A Staff Report On Novemhor 23 , 1910 , Councilman Billy Milli; requested that an objective analysis be made on the effect.,; of the newly installed street liciht:, upon crime in tho I,iq}ith Councilmanic District. The street lights have been installed at various intervals since 1965, and represent a significant capital investment, S UMIARY * A survey of the Basic Radio Car Plan lead officers in the Eighth District revealed that the majority ,felt that street lights had a positive affect upon preventing crime. , ` * According to newspaper articles, other Cities in the United States have experienced decreases in crimes ranging from seven percent to- seventy percent in areas in which street lights have been installed. * The increase in the rate of crime in the Eighth District has . slowed during the period from 1968 through the third quarter of 1970. * Areas of the Eighth District having street lights installed longer than nine months demonstrate growth rate patterns different from growth rate patterns in areas without lights. . The growth of selected Part I offenses in the street light districts is slowing faster than the slowing growth mate of crime elsewhere in the Eighth District. * Based on the data available, the relationship between the installation of street lights and the decrease in the rate of offenses, allowing for the lag, is, si nificant onlytay... the 81,50 %confidence level. This mean�a�thedata do not con irvr at the7e is a positive relationship between than presence3 of' street lights and the levels of Crime in these. areas. : TABLE or COTIT1fi1T; PART ^'I'"LT; PAGE I 1'I1:.LD SURVT;Y INroRMATION 1 II COMPILATION OF STATISTICAL DATA 1 YII INTERPRETATION OF THE STATISTICAL 2 DATA Iv rINDINGS 3 APPENDIX A "INCIDENCE OF PART I CRIMrS BY YEAR IN 5 SULECTF.D AREAS OF THE SOUTIiwr.ST POLICE I)I V I S I Otl ll APPENDIX S "TNCIDENCE OF PART I CRIMES BY YEAR IN 6 PLFCTED AREAS or THE 77TIl STREET POLICE nIVISION" APPENDIX C "` lMr PHASE, COMPARISON SETWEEN CRIME 7 GROWTit RATES IN STRrrT LIGIITIN(, DISTRICTS AND CRIME: CROWTIT RATES IN UNLIGHTED. AREAS OF T111'. EImITH COUNCILMANIC DISTRICT" PART I• F IELD SURVEY INFORMATION Field .evaluation; were solicited to obtain a preliminary picture of the affect of street lights upon crime. A questionnaire was given to the load �ar in each Basic Car Plan area in the Fighth Councilmanic District with street lialits. These officers were as}:ed their evaluation of how the crime rate in their area was . affected by street lights. A large num))er of the officers felt that street lights hack .a positive affect upon docreasinq crime in their districts. In addition many persons attending the basic Car Plan meetings have stated that they felt safer outside at night since the , street lights have been installed. Both the Wall Street Journal (January - 6, 1971) and the Los Angel Times (Fe ruary 75, ave carried articles concerns re'�ationship between street lights and crime. The articles reported the following decreases in crimes: Owensboro, Kentucky - 28% , Wilmington, Delaware - 7%, Gary, Indiana - 70% and Washington, D.C. - 25%. These figures are• for selected crimes in certain areas of the cities. Although the city Tampa, Plori+da installed street lights and did not experience a decrease in crime, the citizens felt there was an "atmosphere of. security" , 117 in the areas with lights. FART II COMPILATION OF STATISTICAL DATA The Pighth Councilmanic District straddles the Southwest and ! 77th Street Police Divisions but does not cover the entire araa encompassed by the Divisions. Within each Police Division, eriae data are recorded according to a "reporting district" designaition. Crime data on selected Part I offenses (business burglary,, -phone, burglary, street robbery, auto theft, theft and burglary from auto, ! bicycle theft, murder, rape and ,aggravated, assault) are available by reporting district. These selected Part I crimes are used because they are the crimes most likely to occur in the streets during the hours of darkness. The street lighting installation data were obtained from the Bureau of Street Lighting, Department of Public Works. For those instances in which street lighting districts were not coterminous .. j with police reporting districts, "best estimates" were made. The incidence of Part .I crimes by street lighting district was 7 assembled for each calendar quarter from 1964 through the fourth J quarter of 1970. The annual totals were given in 'Appendices A and B, beginninq with the first quarter of 1965. j Str2 eet Lighting in the Fighth District At this point a chart was prepared for each liglatinct district illustratinn the annual index values for the district. A notation war, placed on each chart desiclnating the (late on which the street i . light, were activated. It was immediately observed that .no siani- ficant changes; in t'ie risincy rate of index values occurred in moat casesuntil from :six to twelve months after activation of the street lights. In order to devo lop a statistical sample, the 21a areas surveyed wero divided into ti•.o c4roups : Those with r:treet lights installed prior to Anri.l 1 , 1970 , fell into the first-: (group (or experimental group) ; and those .%rithout street lights or with street lights installed a "te.r ttarch 31, 1970 , fell into the second group (or control group) . 'i"here (sates were' selected based upon the lag, effect reported above: The experimental group comprised 18 cases and the control group comprised 11 cases. The statistical t-.c.st consisted of measuring the deviation of the experimental grout) mean from the control group mean. The devia- tion was downward and was significant to the 81.5t confidence levA1. Significance at or above the 90% confidence limit would. be expected ifstreet lights were assumed to singiei4nde'dly deter crime. Appendix 'III illustrates the lag effect in a tintephase comparison between crime growth rates in the experimental group and crime growth rates in the control group. The average :index figure for street liahtincl districts was calculated .by calendar quarters" eoen inq upon tie IaFse of time. after the installation of the lights. The average index figure for the control group was . calculated with the quarter ending September, 1966, as the base quarter. , because the first street lights were installed during the following quarter. tJ11Cn the viewer disrenards the dij2s and ' peaks caused by !,easonayl variations and the exce2tional fourth quarterly er. oc of tile contro group, a trend. toward sepaFaFron can he seen to emerge a er :street 1!2hts have bee-n—i4gUlTiff months a raw data coma ne some ! insdistricts in wwhich=is trend was noted as early as six months aftet' instarlla" tion of the lights. PART III INTE'RPUTATION OF Tim STATISTICAL DATA Since the quarterly data revealed that there, were variations of a seasonal nature which might cloud interpretation :Of .this effects of street lights, the crime data were Condensed into twelve-month periods. Another problem was noted at this point which required adjustment prior to analysis: The, variation between street l.ightinq districts in terms of raw numbeirs of Page 3 Street Lichting in' the Eighth District reported fast I offenses was so great that some common divisor was required to compare trends between them. 'Phis mechanism was obtained by using an index of growth. The indox of growth measure, percentage variation from some arhitrarily solvcted base period. Since no street lights were installed in 1969), the hase period ,;electod war from January , 1965 throucrli uecomber 1905. An index value of 100 arbitrarily was assigne.i to the number of Part I offense, for each area in the survev for uhe' hasp period. Subsequent fluctuations in the. incidence of Part I offenses were interpret(!(! in relation to each district ' s crime incidence durinq the base period. Thus, an index of 120' meant a 20% increase in reported Dart I incidents. PART ITT rINDINC:S If street licrhts acted as crime deterrents singlehandedly, it would- be expected that an impact upon crime would be noted very soon after activation. The lag time observed in the charts. of the, individual districts is :strong evidence that the sli*ing crime rate is duet to other deterrents, or that other factors must work in conjunction with street liqhts to deter crime. There are several possible factors which can 'be considered. The most prominent are: 1. Changes in deployment policies, such as periodic_ infusions of Metropolitan Division personnel or the deployment of helic6pters. 2. Dwellinq shifts by at-large to more dimly lit neighborhoods. 3. other changes in the physical character of lighting districts, such as replacement of residences by commercial or industrial establishments. 4. Impact of community relations and/or neighborhood crime prevention programs. Unfortunately, data are not available to correlate the impact .of. f� these fabtors. i It is doubtful that a more definite analysis con be developed on this subject without altering the data collection procedure. , crime incidents were recapitulated by "inside/outside" . and od;ayliqht/ darkness," a more refined analysis might be possible. f AA ^ • r a Qe ,! f o Information c7l(-,ined from field evaluations and newspaper article �,»ennsts that street lights do not have the same affect in all arr.a s, and that there are other factors which act as influences in concert with street lights to prevent crime. I i Page APPENDIX A INCIDENCE OF STREET CRIMES BY YEAR IN SELECTED AREAS OF THE SOUTH:ILS:' POLICE DIVISIO'i STREET LIGHTING DATE LAPD REPORTING PART I CRIMES FOR 12-4*.:ONTH PERIOD EN..I.NG_ � DISTRICT ACTIVATED DISTRICTS INCLUDED 12/65 12/66 12/67 12/68 12/69 i12/79_ Hoover & 42nd 1/4/67 305, 367 635 610 698 774 789 810 2nd & 67th 8/13/69 387, 389 268 316 - 390 505 426i 37" Slauson & 2nd 8/29/67 383, 387 155 202 247 260 262 � La Salle & 30th 9/l/67 334 , 336 445 383 412 504 526 � 495 Hoover & 28th 10/6/67 338, 348 408 409 441 570 416 � 362 ° Hoover & 53rd l/l/68 377, 397 419 411 463 538 505 565 Slauson & Van Ness 6/20/69 362 , 363 363 429 466 576 645 587 Adams. & Normandie 7/3/69 334, 335, 336 , 337 867 744 761 963 964 909 Western & 73rd 8/28/69 388, 389 , 1223 481 608 652 877 792 829 Kansas & 45th 3/11/70 , 375, 385, 395 461 472 494 580 568 534 Flower & 38th 4/20/70 358 84 116 110 128 141 129 Arlington & Santa Barbara 6/5/70 353 170 144. 143 174 172 171 -Gramercy & 52nd 6/12/70 373, 393 481 403 492 600 599 � 52" Orchard & 29th 6/12/70 336 , 337 415 322 357 479 .512_ 489 Van Ness & 42nd 6/26/70 362, 363 274 235 257 369 374 367 " Hoover- & 54th 9/3/70 368, 378, 395, _ 397, 529 523 577 697 625 686 398 lot 234 193 168 227 211 j 2t11 Unlighted areas of Councilmanic District 343, 344, 345, 347 in Southwest police - '355', 357, 384 , 1,359 1,393 1,527 1,629 1,892 1, 765 Diat,ision _ pagv- - APPENDIX B INCIDLNCE OF STREET Cr,[,,U:.,S BY YLAR IN SELECTED AREAS OF THE 77`i'H STREET' PLLICL DIVISION- STREE`i' LIGHTING 1,/VrE LAPD REPORTING PART I CRItXg FOR 12-VONTh PERIOD ENDI :O ~ ++ _ 1 DISTRICT ACTIVATED DISTRICTS INCLUDEU 12/65 1 12/66 j 12/67 12/68 ' 12/69 1 12/70 Y - t o Avalon & 79th 10/21/66 1229 342 • 333 392 463 423 350 i i Wadsworth & 94th 12/15/67 1247, 1259 458 '398 451 499 495 ► 54P .Haas & 93rd 3/12/68 1253 1.79 154 170 218 188 {{1 214 � t Hoover & 84th 2/21/69 1225, 1235 977 1 ,026 969 1, 300 1 ,210 1,329 Avalon & 84th 2/;;f;/69 1239 369 329 319 429 444 398 Main & 90th 4/24,/G9 1247, 1248, 1257, 1,117 1,119 1 ,096 1,254 1,137 1 , 300 1258 ' Wall & 84th 6/1u/69 1227, 1237 459 526 466 627 637 625 Avalon & 90th 1/30/70 1248, 1249 425 364 419 473 442 492 Bt;dlong & 77th 4/1;/70 1224 , 1234 361 393 3SS 463 ! 455 512 Hoover & 90th ( 9/18/70 1245, 1247, 1257 998 1 ,095 1 ,072 1 , 227 1 ,115j 1,2E { i Unlighted areas of 1205,- 1206, 1207 - Cotlncilmanic District 1299 , 1214, 1215, 1 ,889 1 ,912 2 ,0 2 ,622 2 , 3611 2 , 8rj7 in 71th Street Police 1216, 1233, 1243 ` Division Page 7 APPENDIX C TIME-PHASE COMPARISON BETNTEN CRIME GROWTH RATES IN DISTRICTS A.ND CRIL?-L GROWTH RATES IN UNLIGHTED AREAS OF THE EIGHTH COUNCILY>ANIC DISTRICT ------- Control Group 130- t Experimental Group 120- � � 1 f 110- / 100- - � I 90- IV so- - P£RIrYAdT13,L UIS R INSTALLATION OF LIGHTS -- GRI Q 3 6 9 12 .I 18 21 24 27 f COi2T is. C �]NDAR QUARTER .ENDIh GRDUP 9 66 12 66 S.7 6 67.1 9 6? 12 6`l 3 68 68 9 68 12/68 t I ry i Dote. ... from the desk of. . . I ASSISTANT CHIEF DARYL F. GATES I Chief Gaunt : It' s obvious that we cannot prove the " lighting controversy" with statistics alone . Therefore , material such as the attached article plus a subjective evaluation by knowledgeable supervisors in the area , command officers , etc. , is in order. Asst. Chief Gates - ' `J 1.1 A�VOIQJ, call9cc ala 9GO12 Th'I a w.9 ld cc��. ;�r�c� ;a ®z your c®rroan®n- ��:1W� 0urvoy 02 U10 sal t:a rc-jly in®t allod ®t;maot l�c,;;avo 1n t:lj Llf-hGa D1avict as a aourc® 02 Cr1w X hava imat;ructod tho 0a90,10co og Mml-nistzaZo.lva Cwvlcav, to ccordinat® 4%.a ilatic::a od C..t3 rc.;iUired for an objectIve uOt 11,40 aw'�+"ay I�u"alb® ill be e0awa ded to you as ®cca+ am 60ac lb1g. . Chief ag P,OlicO GL:c,h Ao �q.4yeAli e ` ' 11 �� ;• _C,�til d thei �l %'�' ` �,,,. '��' 1:-= " ; � nlltirr-uf tTtd�'�:Tre°ot►ti°tit �ru te°ii�urrr _3". , �i611' (�► ��fiillan Novoniber 2°1; IJIJ 1.E1,•..1t414: , r fi-"ai lPi+t i.IVMtII ChLef Eklward 1A. D:Ivw , LOG;rpt':n.fvie.p, I''„iir� i:: a®rtsrtcyszt + _. > L,a�U ►`0Ul'�)!'f����"I�Srlhf):l:l:� �tt��t.'�i ' - t 1+ + i :�+1 - .Loai Anaelc�s.;• a:► lif�rtaot ;J011'13 .11,r.+;� �y t via: You art' i,r6Uably alwdro Ciao vinco approximately, 1Jd3 the people vi tiie Li'hth, L'iettric8la ay.) Catiglsod to be l> a�gal tspoal>l-our asta�eet� now arce,, l ghlb as nd twoutuall� �i� t®p® will' cover the entire diactrlict. 1 14aany Uf.uu felt tlaFnaq, aax+1 (i fca~l.,lauvy,. thsit lhea�l�s street..li,thtti would bo a �reil:�u adr;,ii6�"�L�r��'a'o:tl �o c�rii�i Of craaa e, Up 16.ifiiu,OiUio t tv6 have Laol,d or.,loci P' rdbumed .that th,ei ial; aaa rr�99al titilni lilp li>i~2Fuc:bt� iai tt alb. i� l> �d� �tttd Ides crime. 'It his occurred to and atha t,yroui'd -Went could w proo�tiiy prc'vide for uO tt® ti�rj .ctivo.' tygid of the vffocts,:• ,,. . tt>!oa t>+.tiewly ihiitniled. sweat ll�httar!'hava had, pu>i�.tha ® ca d of,Or district. r Would you ploaaso conduct WIG laaccocniry 4&udY,,t® ,_ .. - ,,, _d�t�ra�ira�'vihether.orlait ,�rarr'o >Zp � a�c!�pir�n��p� t�e�-if tPa�s ib . ` : . . •. ghb ratearat:of:fit: uur ilivaediarato rs: txaa to thlb:.�® ae t�taDti �lllyWdeelbtly`>rappred 'tod. .. . Very tf�� �1/i�u8'g.o ¢p ``40 pb' �pl1GE • — i (3G ADM SEgV /"{�r' • ClFi1a F� TANG .. t3VCR GM ifk WILL cc. Lit'titenant 'M®tltiy Pint! :�+w • � NAM•il`i RF + �� „ i ` a kELATIONS111f BETWEEN STREL'T LIGHTIN(l, AND THE INCIDENCE OF CKIMI: IN THE EIGHTH COUNCILMANIC DISTRICT A Staff keport On t;ovt:,nt)er L3 , 1970', Cauncil-man (:i I I y tii I is requested that an objc:. tivo dnilvsis be made on the effects of the newly installed street lights upon crime in the E. i (jhth Councilmanic ' iistrict . The street lir,hts have been installed at various intervals since 1965 , and represent a significant capital , Tnvestmen.t . SUMMARY A survey of the Basic Radio Car Flan lead officers in the Eighth District revealed that a large number felt that street lights had a positive effect upon preventing- crime . Further , lighting provided them with a better opportunity for observa- tion in areas of high crime inciden.c•e . r According to newspaper articles , other cities in the united States have experienced decreases in crimes ranginq from seven p.erceat to seventy percent in areas in. 'which street lights have been installed . 'o Areas of the Eighth Councilmanic District receiving Street lights from January 1 , 1969 , through December , 1976 , experienced a' 521')' reduction in certain cumulative crimes occurring during hours of darkness , whereas areas not recei,vinq : lights remained the same . * Further statistical tests failed to reveal the strength of the relationship between street lightinq� and the deterrence of crime . . TABLE OF CONTENTS PART TITLE PAr,E I FIELD SURVEY INFORMATION I II COMPILATION OF STATISTICAL DATA 1 III INTERPRETATION OF THE STATISTICAL DATA 2 r,PAPH I MONTHLY PLOT OF CUMULATIVE CRIMES OCCURRING DURINr, HOURS OF DARKNESS FOR AREAS RECEIVINr STREET LIGHTS COMPARED WITH AREAS NOT RECEIVING STREET LIGHTS 3 GRAPH 2 AVFRAr,F NUMBERS OF CUMULATIVE CRIMES OCCURRING DURING HOURS OF DARKNESS DURING TWELVE MONTHS BEFORE AND AFTER ACTIVATION OF STREET LIGHTS IN LIGHTED AREAS 5 GRAPH 3 MOVING INDEX OF CUMULATIVE CRIMES OCCURRING DURING HOURS OF DARKNESS DURING TWELVE MONTHS BEFORE AND AFTER ACTIVATION OF STREET LIGHTS IN LIGHTED AREAS 7 IV FINDINGS 8 i PART I Flt_L!) `.JMVLY 1NF0R',1AtiU'a � reid evaIu�aLion`, l• e,. S011Cltl ('. Li) Ii�3iJ � n d C)rt!llr'alrl�lry niCtUr'e of the eff,,c,t of street I i ipits ui►on cr inrt A ►.luestionnai re was Liven to cn- lead cur iri each kasf(. Card lag area in the Eighth Councilmanic District with street 1iqh :s . These officers were asked their ovaluation of how the crime rate in their area was effected by street lights . A . 1•arge rauiaber of tyre offic,.,rs felt that street lights had a positive effect upon rlecrea,,- ino crime in their districts . In addition , many persons attendin(i . the Rasic C'ar Plan meetings have stated that they felt safer outside at niqht since the street lights have been installed . Loth the Wall Street Journal (January b , 1971 ) and the Los Angeles Tines (February 21) , 1971 ) have carried articles concern inn the . relationship between street liqhts and crime.. The articles reported the followinq decreases in crimes : Owensboro Kentucky 28, ; Wilmington , Delaware V.. ; Gary , Indiana 70" ; and , Washington , D . C . - 25'` . These figures are for- selected trime.s. ink 'certain area '- s of the cities . PART II COMPILATION "9F _STATISTICAL DATA The Eighth Councilmanic District straddles the Southwest and 77th Street Police Divisions but does not. cover the entire area encompassed -by the Divisions . Within each . Police Oi.v.isio-ni, crime data. are recorded according to a "reportinq district" designation . Crime data from certain sel-ected cat.euories..were assembled for a-nalysis by data . proces.si.nq means for. the period from January 1 . 19,69 , through March 31 , '1971 . T►O crime cate- gories selected were homicides , forcible rapes , robberies , and aggravated assaults taking place on . the. streets between, 8,:00 p m.. and 5 : 00 a .m . , as well as business and residential burglaries known to' have occurred between �3 : 00 p . m . and 5 : 00: a .m. Burglaries occu.rring •at unknown times were disregarded . . The incidence of theft from person for these; time . pp iods ',Was so slight that a trend could not be established . Phone booth burglarie' s , thefts from autos and burglaries from autos known ' �i to have occurred in these time Periods were also so slinht that Trends could not be established . Dat('r on homicides , forc i b l:c.. -apes , aguravatcci as,au l is , , treet robberies hiis ine.ss b,urul airies a rid residential irurglarles were sub iected 'to an'alvsis and are ' reported in the, enclosed gr,,0s . The street Iiofitinq insti Ilation data were obtained from the i,ureau of Street Li (intin(i , ')apartment or Pu.lilic Worl,,s . For those instance: in wiiich seroet lighting districts wore not coterminor-s ►��itn police renortinq district , "nest estimates vrere made . Note :.ds made of the dates t►:,.it trio various street lighting districts were activated . Uri 1lanuar•v 1 , 1969 , only 12 . 58", of the geo,iraomic iir•ca of the Fighth Councilmanic �istriet was. illuminated by th(! ne►vly installed . stroet lights . Clew districts were activated on a regular basis until by . March 31 , . 1971 about .70 .8" of the District was illuminated by the new, lights . The crime data for the various reporting districts were grouped on a month-by-month basis through this Period of time in two groups : the first qroup being the areas of the Eighth District not illuminated by street lights , and the second group beinn the areas of the. District in which street lights Were activated during the two year period . The areas that were ligtfteo prior, to the beninninq of the study were eliminated from consideration When street lighting districts were activated . after the .15th, of the month , the area was not considered to he. lit until the first,. of -the following month . PART III INTERPRETATION OF THE STATISTICAL DATA An evaluation of. the data collected is presented .in 4raph Toro► on the followinq pages . The numbers of street hamioAdes`, forcfbl`e rapes , aggravated assaults , robberies , and business and .r.esident al burglaries during hours of darkness were totaled' togother . It: ` can be observed on Graph I. that the area's where street Ifght.t were installed, 'experienced a radical drop in the total number of offenses reported as of January I. 97Q , and the number of crimes reported remained at a lower level in the year 1979 than Dias:.' the case in 1969 . The percentage decrease was approximately 52% . Observation of these data encouraged staff members in their belief that there was a relationship between the presence of street lighting and the number of street offenses committed to the hours of darkness . Therefore , further a.nalysi.s was -.condu,cte�d for the purpose of more clearly defininq what the r.e1a:ti.onship might be : ` - _ GRAPH 1 . : k. MOt:THLY PLAT OF CUMU'l f�T.I.V,E CP. ItIE"S 0C"CUPRi :G_- D:UR.. '"I a HO:U.RS >�JF .DARYtESS F,OR ARc; S'.RE.0 t F�"ET 'Li 24C:-'� COMPARED: WITH, AREAS NC�T RECEIVIdta 'STP,EET `Li�PTS 220`-�" 200 190 TOTA:L 0_� f!U"'Oc RS T60-' .15 0 14, ELECTED" i"30- ti. Areas Receiving Street §hts : F-F EN S"E S . 120- , a DURP IG OF 70 - . ARKNESS 60- \ 5'0- 40 ` `q" s !I�t q Stree ` I. i ^hts rea : Receivin 2Q- 14 0— __...; - • gO:VE ARERS N "'NHICFf _0 2 2 3 3 .5 6' H 8 8 $ %3 .9, 1p 12 12` 1 16 16 18 19 19 1 9 ISHTS WERE` - w � 9 r' Graph 2 illustrates, the average number o'f offenses by reporti,nq district i.n tine area where lin`its were installed in the 12 months prior to instailation of street lights as compared with the 12-m0nth period following the. installation of the . lights,. It 1 may be observed that while there was a substantial variation from month-to-month , the trend for. the 12-month period followinq installation of street li (lhts is downward , whereas the trend- for the 12-month period prior to installation is more level . By arran(,i ng' the data in this "before and after" pattern ,. the rad-ical drop . seen on Graph 1 for .January , 1970 , has been eliminated . T6ei radical drop in crime in . January , .1970 , in the districts being activated suggests there may be a cumulative effect On the incidence of crime after a large number of street l i ghts have been activated ; however ,, this must remain i.n the realm of speculation since . there i s no way to verify ,a cuntul ative effect, during this period - { �1 t P _d .. GRAPHS' AVERAGE NUMBERS W "CUMULATIVE, CRIMES OCCUPZRING DURING. HOURS OF DARKNESS DURING . TWELVE MONTHS "BEFORE AGD AFTER ACTIVATION OF STREET LIGHTS Ir; L1-GHTED AREAS . 1.d'. 00 8. 0 0- RVERAGE �. y, T. 00-� OF 6 . o17- � r �iFFENSES DUR.I NG r HOURS 4 . 00- OF 3d0- D/4RKNES$ 2 00 Q0_- Pertod 12 11 10 9 8 7 5 S 4. 3 2 1 0 1 2. ._.3 "4 5 E 7: ° 10 11 12 - KO;iTMS BEFORE" ACTIVATION MONTF'S AFTE'': _`T? VH; 1� ; 7 Graph 3 illustrates the moving index of cumulated crimes from. �. the monti) in which street lights were installed in each district i for the . 12-month periods prior to an.d subsequent to installation.. . Again , it can be seen that the number of crimes reported,. in the ! , districts where lights were installed, were , with one exception, somewhat lower than the,. number of crimes reported in the p.rece&inq 12-month period .. T,he moving index illustrates that the effects of lighting are ,gradual rather than immediate . It would normally be anticipated that an immediate dow.nwar:d' effeCt would be experienced . Further attempts by staff analysts in applying significance tests to measure the specific effect of the street lights yielded inconclusive results . The nossibility that independent factors could have been acting in harmony with the street -11gh'ts could not b'e rul_ed out . Also , the variation in the moving.;:index is not so :great that the . possibility o.f variation du'e :to :chance: could -be completely ruled ,out . -. . r -GRAPH 3 Oak MOVING INDEX OF CUMULATIVE CRI".. S OCCURRING DURIPtG HOURS OF DARK14ESS DURING TWELVE MOUTHS BEFORE AND AFTER ACTIVATIO?1 OF STREET LIGHTS IN LIGHTED AREAS 190- 180- 170-� 160 1 5071 130 PERCENT OF f' 110-� BASE 1.00- ,J MONTH 80- MONTH) 70- :4 60- 50- 40- _ 30- " 20- 12 11 10 9 8 7 . I 5 4 3 2 .:4: 0 i 3, 4 . 5 , 6 . 7 8 9 10 11 12 MONTHS ,BEFORE ACT �-i% TTI®N 140. THS�� AFTER ACTIVATION � . PART IV FINDINGS There was a largf, drop "in; 'selected cumulative crimes durinq hours of darkness in a�r'eas ,receiving street lights during the period fro.ni January ; 969 to. December 1970 . No such drop was experienced in areas ofthe Eighth- District not receiving :street lights . This, suggests that 'street lights have an effect on certain kinds of crime . WIhe,n further statistical analyses were attempted , the strength of this relationship could not be determined, and the possibility of random fluctuation , although remote ,. could not .be altogether ruled out . •y cluded that major< es of violence are reduced 50'Ri'v by adequate lighting. Good residential lighting must provide adequate illumination on the roadway proper for vehicular traf- fic, and over the walkways and lawns for the local residents'safety, security and comfort. Simultaneously, it must not allow any objectionable light to invade the privacy of adjacent homes or private areas. The lumi- naire should present a "silky, soft, uniform glow." when viewed directly from any point other than the roadway. To accomplish this task, we need something quite Residential streets different from the typical and popular traffic street luminaire. Presently, residential customers have one our greatest of two alternatives—no lighting or distribution from . �d luminaires primarily designed for traffic streets., No . wonder interest often turns to nostalgic gaslights or no lighting at all. The constant improvement in light sources makes Residential streets have the most street mileage, the it possible to provide adequate night visibility on resi- most people, -and the most neglected roadway light- dential streets. The high pressure mercury lamp came ing. In fact,less than 5% of the 300,000 miles of resi- into use after World War II and has forged ahead dential streets are lighted to"minimum American Stan- ever since. The accompanying chart shows the prog- dard Practice recommendations. ress of a typical mercury lamp. Today, a Imp lumen- It does not make much sense that we have the hour costs only about 5% as much as it did 25 years. poorest lighting in the areas where one's family lives ago. Moreover, the lamp mortality rate is only abut and spends most of its time. It seems even more 10% after 16,000 burning hours. ironical knowing that good lighting can contribute to In residential areas, use of the popular 175-watt the safety, security and well-being of everyone. mercury lamp offers the greatest value in terms of Larger cities with more readily available statistics taxpayer satisfaction. The economics of mercury alone show the positive effect of modern lighting. For ex- dictate the need to replace filament lamps with their ample, in five New-York areas new lighting cut the more modern counterparts. incidence of murder, assault and rape 49%; reduced The first mercury lamps had a comparatively large other adult crimes 18.3%; and resulted in a drop of arc area--a minimum of one inch in diameter by six J 30% in juvenile delinquency. In Cleveland crimes inches in length. To utilize'this source most effoctively, happen .12%q more frequently on dark streets than it became necessary to operate this lamp in a 6ori- on streets that are adequately.lighted. Random figures. zontal position. If.you did not, the lamp would present from Chicago show that newly lighted police, districts intolerable glare problems. reported 85% fewer robberies, 10% fewer auto thefts. The introduction of the newer, short-arc high,fires,. k and-30% fewer purse suatchings: And a country-wide sure lamp has changed the design parameters. 'One- survey of police chiefs from all types of towns con- half-inch-square 175-watt lamps, with high lumen_;,", output per watt, ,provide.' Close to the optical design- err�s ideal "point sot�reo." DR00Rms IR Ms.DEADORM UCs OF ME 400 WATT CLXAR M6R MCVRY L P This brings a new degree.,�. 100 of freedom for use of the lamp in other positions: Tt also allows more:offleiont. B0 control and performan o.` s000 mours ...nt -1 Low lighting leev.'ellsypr6- 000 omens dominate (M residential Dint 8-1 :000 our$ stets. Therefore, you :. 60 u a 014 AM-1 30,000 Lane should not have a w L Dn.. re 6 MOui 16 000 La ni concentration of �t�Qi 400 Houzs reetly below the 1, Iuroi- s 15 40 nacre. To avoid'.this g (within the known:limha lions of the refractive abU_ 1 10 is of glass and plastic materiels);tao light source should emit maximum flux 0 in direction at or near;the 2000 00 00 hOrizontsl,'plane: Jn.�the�' $UMINo HOU" . important W,.:eecaor lGonLinuad on;ftai' "r1>i Oj ;: 108 November 1969 + The Americit% ,2ditorial COUTDOOR • In our May 1967 issue we reported that Chicago had just installed 51,000 luminaires in a total of 2240 s miles of alleys. We published figures of crime inci- ■or dence for the first three police periods of the pre- HENDERSONVILLE, N.C. VOL. 22, NO:3 SEPT. 1%8 ceding year—January 6 to March 30, 1966, before the lighting was installed. JOEdito DOO LY WIL IAMArt®M.(WI LET During the same period of 1I967, a comparison DONALD H. McMiuAN was made with 1966 keeping the same number of Editorial Supervisor patrol cars, schedules, and every thing else constant so as to measure the effectiveness of the lighting. It was found at the end of the period that while city- in this issue wide crime increased 11.4%, nighttime crimes in alleys were down 16.9%. The same carefully documented figures have been reported for the same time period in 1968. Bright ]Bogota We feel that the box score shown below is elo- A4-1000, M-400A, and A-4000 luminaires I quent proof of the effectiveness of good lighting in the reduction of crime. Worcester Memorial Auditorium upgrades to Lucalox FilterglowO luminaires permit color tele. casting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Crimes reported in alleys after dark Good lighting speeds precision work First three police periods--Jan. 4-Mar. 27 Econoglow luminaires in electronics plant 6 offenses 1966^ 1966 %change Brightened public square �——— brings back business A-4000 Powerglow luminaires in Prinep. RAPE 103 62 —39.8 ton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I . ... . . . . ROBBERY 240 203 -15.4 New Space-Lite* luminaires at Sierra Pacific Power BURGLARY 1460 688 --52.9 SL-1000 luminaires . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...„ : . 10, :ry THEFT 657 764 +16.3 New Ford-Mercury location gets new lighting SERIOUS ASSAULT 142 93 —34.5 P-1000 and QF-1500 luminuiret .. . . . . , . Il Lucalox* lighting at Pittswd TOTALS 2602 1810 -30.4 Filterglow luminaires produce 125 fc , . , la SOURCE: CHICAGO POLICE DE11AR7•AIENT about the cover . . . Sierra Pacific Power C'umpany chooses new Crl'n- Published by Outdoor Lighting Departownt,General Electric Company, Hendersonville, North Carolina,.a dopbrtlnent of oral Electric Space-Lite luminaires to light em- the General Electric company,Schenectady,New Yb►kt dery ployee's parking lot at their new administration aid L. Phillippe, Chairman of the Board,S70 Lsxingtoti'Ave. building in Reno, Nevada. Square shape of Space- nue,New York,N.Y.i Frei!J.Borch,President and"ist-Ex- Lite luminaires complements architecture and ecutive Officer,570 Lexington Avenue,New York,N,;xs s.m. p Estes,Secretary,570 Lexingtop Avq tae;Newyork,N,Y+p,E;. landscaping of the building. Sec story on page 10. wailendorf,treasurer,I River Road,Schenectady,New'Yprk. ; F4 O. W. MEISSNER obvious that poor visibility must establishment of Federal Research Director, Bureau of Street Lighting, have been a significant factor in and Testing Centers, which Are Department of Public Woks, each of these tragedies. Yet, on the provided for in the Traffic Safety Los Angeles, California basis of reported Information it is Act of 1966, there.is reason to hope impossible to prove that either the that the economic worth of "fixed BECAUSE the .nighttime traffic driver, the victim, or both could source" highway lighting in terms accident rate still exceeds that not see the hazard quickly enough of direct accident benefits can be of the day time by approximately to avoid the accident. finally established. three times, numerous attempts It is said by some that con- A recent study by the Street and have been made to justify con- tinuous roadway lighting has not Highway Safety Lighting Bureau tinuous roadway lighting by equat- yet been proven to be warranted indicates that more than 15'.per= ing the costs of such lighting against for traffic safety. To prove it by cent of the 49,000 traffic fatalities . Tw benefits in terms of probable ac- present methods, however, is akin in 1965 were the direct result of, Y cident savings. We have accumu- to trying to prove that another per- darkness. The Bureau states that fated a library full of study and son does not have a "pain in the "this figure does not include deaths research reports relating to the back." That, as any doctor will caused by drinking or by improper question. These have been moti- testify,is virtually impossible. vehicle lights," and cited poor street vated by sincere desires to de- . Review of the voluminous litera- lighting as a major cause of night--, termine the economic justification ture reveals that the findings of the time traffic deaths. The method: for providing some degree of driver studies range from positive to nega- used in arriving at the figure Wilts and pedestrian visibility on our tive. The reason for this must be not stated. roadways at night. that sufficient valid information has Minimum vs. Optimum Design" The usual approach is to relate not been obtained and used, and the cost of lighting to the possible that present methods of processing Matthew Sielski of the"Highway savings which might"accrue in re- and interpreting data need to be Research Board's Night Visibility ducing the experienced high cost of Improved. To develop sound con- Committee has said, "The motorist accidents. This is not easy because elusions requires highly compli- is entitled to ease of seeing and of the many factors involved, in- cated and time consuming analyti- peace of mind while driving. This ' eluding :the subjective ones which cal techniques, which apparently is not possible with poor illumina- are difficult to evaluate. have not yet been perfected. Mod- tion." A review of some of the es- For example, during 1966 in the ern electronic data processing tech- tablished principles of visibility. City of Los Angeles alone, sixteen niques may permit a break-through make the reasons apparent. Dr. pedestrians were reported killed on soon, leading to some valid answers Oscar Richards of the American the freeway system; thirteen or 80 as to lighting costs in relationship Optical Association states, "From Percent of these fatal accidents oc= to the traffic benefits, in terms of the biological viewpoint the humans curred at night. Certainly it seems night accident reduction. With the driving at night are working at a PUBLIC WORKS for June, 1967 14$ )eats and- death rates y day and night , Deaths Aay sand manta -Motor-vehicle deaths at night total only a few thousand more than during 'Motor-vehicle death totals.vary sharply for different days of. the .week :and he day, but deaths related to travel are sharply higher at night, as noted in different months of the year.Totals run•above average from Friday through Sun- he table below. In urban places, the mileage death .rate.at night is nearly day, and during the last half of the year. hree times the day rate; in rural places, the night rate is about two and one- The figures shown below are"complete"deaths,which include all motor-vehicle laif times the day rate. deaths that occur within twelve months.after the day of accident. These.totals PER CENT DEATH - _ should not be compared with "immediate",death figures, such .as-tho"se.quoted OF DEATHS RATES* during holiday periods. These latter totals include,o_my,those :deaths-which DAY 41°�° 3-1 occur during the holiday period from accidents which occur-during the holiday is TOTAL period, and do not include any subsequent deaths. „� 1 NIGHT 53% 8:3 DAY 4t°6 1.9 Motor-vehicle Deaths by Day and Month, 1.971 URBAN NIGHT 53% 5,2 1971 Deaths' -■ by Day Total Deaths by Month and Average Deaths by.Day Day DAY 47% 4.3 % Ave. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jut Aug.' Sep." Oct. Nov. I Dec. 'RURAL NIGHT 53b o 11.6 Total_ 100%'54,700 '4,000 3,400 3,700 4,410 4,690 4,480 5,470 5,100 4,650 5,400 4,Soo 4,900 Daily Ave.- 150 129 121 119 147 151 145 176 165 .155 174 150 158 17 Seu� °trafile authontres and the Deaths per 100,000,000 sehicle miles. - Monday _ 12% 126 108 102 100. 123 127 122 ' 148 139 130 146 126 133 Ped� way Administration. Tuesday- 10% 105 90 85 83 103 106 102 123 116 108 122 -105 111 Wednesday - 11% 116- 100 94 92, 114 117 112 136 .128 "120 135 -116 .122 Thursday-- 12% 126 108 '102 100 123 127 122 148 139- 130. 146 ' 126 133 Friday _ 17% 179 154 144 142 175 180 173 210 197 185 208 179 189 Saturday _ 21% 221 190 178 175 217 222 214 259 243 228' 256 221 233 kccidents by hour by day Sunday- _ 17% 179 154 144 142 175 180 1.73 210 197 185 208 179 189 Accidents by hour of day vary importantly by-day of week. As noted in the Source:Based on reports from 21 state traffic authorities. table below, fatal accidents occur most frequently during the following hours: weekdays, except Friday-evening rush; Friday-late night; Saturday-late -Deaths,mileage and rates by month afternoon and night; Sunday-early morning. See page 51 for number of Motor-vehicles by day of week. Motor-vehicle deaths, travel, and death rates are at their lowest levels in 3eath JeathDistribution of Accidents b Day of January and February. Deaths increase during the summer months and remain Hourly y Y at this general level the rest of the year. In 1971 the highest death .total was Fatal Accidents All Accidents -in July; over the 1969-1971 period, however, the highest average death total of Day* Mon.,. Mon.- - I has- been in October. During the 1968-.1971 period, January deaths increased Total Thurs. Fri. Sat. Sun. Total Thurs. Fri. Sat. 1 sun. the most; November decreased the most. Travel reaches a peak during the total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100:0"/0 100.0% 100.0% year months of July and August. Death rates generally rise during the }'ear with October recording the highest rate. Midnight_- 5-2 4.2 4.0 6.5 7-6 2-7 1,8 '2.0 4 1 5-3 1"00 a.m. 5.0 3.7 4.0 6-1 8.3 2 4 1.5 1.6 3.8 5.5 2.00 a.m 44 2.9 2.7 6.5 7.2 1.9 1.1 12 3.1 4.3 Motor-Vehicle Deaths,- Mileage and Rates by Month 3:00 a.m. 2.8 1.7 1 6 4 0 5.6 1.2 0-7 0.8 2 0 3 0 4 00 a.m.-_ 1.8 1.1 1-4 2.5 3.1 0.8 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.8 5.0C' 1.9 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.0 "1:2 Deaths 1969-1971 Average 8 2.3 26 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.6 1.9 1.4 1-2 1.2 - _ Month Year Per Cent Changes %of %of Death 7 00 a.m.__ 2.7 3.4 2.8 1,8 1.6 4.2 5.6 'a.2 1:7 1.2 Deaths Miles Aatet 8"QD a.m. 2.6 3.a 2.3 1.7., ,_6 4.6 6.1 4.7 2.4 _ 1.5 -- 1969• 19T0 1471 1968-1971 1970-1971,, 9:00 a.m. - 2.3 2.7 1.6 2.2 1.8 3.5 4.0 .3.3 3.1 . 2:5 ?0:00 a.m. 2.7 3.2 2:4 2.5 1.9 4.1 4.2 3.8 4-3 4 2 Total 54,862 56,600- 54,800 '54,700' - '% - '% 100.oi/4. 100.0°!0 ,•: 4:9 1 a 00 a.m- 3 1 3.8 2.9 29 2A" 4.9 5.0 4:6 5.4 4.0 , January 3,475 3.880' 3.750 -4,000 1 15 " +1 7:0 '7:7 4.5- Noon _ - 3.3 3.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 5-5. 5.7 5.2 5.7 .5.0 Febrtiarry 3.633 3.480 3:680 3.390 7 - 9 6.4 7.3'.- 4,3 ? 00 p.m _ 3.7 3.1 3.9 3 4 2 7• 5 a 5.3 5.1 5-8 5 2 March . 4.236 4:200 4.150 3,700 -14 -12 7.3 8-0 4.5 2 00 p.m 4.2 4.8 3.9 3.5 3.6 5.8 5.9 5.6 5-9 5.8 MayApr 4,645 4,930 4,100 4,410 r 5 8 7.7 8.0'. 4.7 3'00 p m __ 5.3 62 6.4 4 0 3.5 7.7 8.3 7.8 6.5 6:4 MaY. 4.633 4.830 4,730 4.480 1 - 1 8.5 8.7 4J 4 00 p m �__ 59 6,8 5 5 5 3 5-0 8.6 9.5 9.1 6.8 6.8 June a,633 a,830 a,720 a.a80 - 3 .- 5 8.5 8.7 4.8 5,00 p.m - 6.7 7-7 6.5 5.3 6.1 8.3 9A 8.8 6.5 6,8 . . July 4.839 4,970 4.910 5,470 -r 13 �11 9:3 90 5.1 6.00 p m 6.5 6.4 6.9 5'8 6.9 5.9 5.7 6.2 5.7 6.3 August 5.189 5,510 5,160 5.100 - 2 - 1 9:5 8.9 5.3 September 4,894 4,900 4.960 4.660 - 5 - 6 8.8" 8.5 5.1 7 00 p m ___ 6 0 5.9 6.4 6.3 5 7 5.1 4.7 5_4 5.5 5.6 October 4.918 5,220 5,230 5,400 -f 10 4- 3 9.6 8:5 '5:5 8 00 p m ,-__ 5 3 5.4 5 5 5.2 52 4.2 3.7 4.6 4-8 4.9 November- 5,276 5,020 4,550 4,500 -17 - 1 8.5 8.4 5.0 9 00 p in __ 5 5 5.1 7.8 5 3 4 6 3.9 3.5 4-4 4.4 4,5 December _ 4,959 4,860 4,860 4,900 - 1 r 1 8.8 8.7 5.0 t0-00 p m T 52 4.7 7.2 5.4 4.3 3-6 3.0 4.5 4.4 3.8 - -- 11 00 p.m-- 5 5 4-8 7.7 6.4 3 8 3.4 2.5 4.6 4.7 3-2 Source: 1968 deaths from National Center for Health Statistics, 1969-71 deaths are NSC estimates:mileag Sou ce Based on reports from 20 stale traffic author+fires 'Hour beginning. from Federal Highway Administration. rDeaths per100,000,000 vehicle miles. "s77 ~ (lh CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH JAN 21' INTER-DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION HUNTINGTON BEACH To David D. Rowlands From H. E. Hartge City Administrator Subject Street Lighting Reduction Date January 28, 1974 There have been numerous inquiries as to why the City does not reduce the amount of street lighting during this time of energy shortage. We have checked with the Edison Company and found that on an average in 1973 street lighting accounted for 1. 3% of electrical energy in this service district of the company. Following is the proportion of types of consumption: Type of Use % of Total Street lighting 1. 3 Residential 24 . 9 Other public authorities 18 . 0 Industrial and commercial 55. 8 100. 0 Based on the above information, it appears that reducing -the amount of street lighting would not contribute a substantial savings in energy. An additional cost to the public as a result of a higher accident and crime rate would be the result of reduced street lighting. I recommend that the existing level of street lighting be maintained. H. E. Hartge Director of Public Works HEH:ae VY t' j'x BGO�9 186 pAc�,F 178 WHEN RECORDED RETURN TO: 20 This e""Ument is fon the official 'CITY OF HUNTINGTON B �44 37 2 Office of the City Clembusine�_, of the City of Huntington P. 0. Box 190 Beach and should be recorded free Huntington Beach, Calif. 92648 of charge as provided in Govt. Code Section 6103 . RESOLUTION NO . 3107 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH DECLARING THAT PORTION OF THE SUNSET BEACH LIGHTING DISTRICT LYING WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CITY OF HUNTING- TON BEACH WITHDRAWN FROM SAID SUNSET BEACH LIGHTING DISTRICT Ji WHEREAS, by Ordinance 1089 of the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach the city approved the annexation to said city Of property described in Exhibit "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof, and said property is, a part of the Sunset Beach Lighting District; and The City of Huntington Beach assesses taxes on said property and provides lighting facilities for said property; and The owners of said property pay taxes to both city and the Sunset Beach Lighting District for said lighting facilities provided . solely by the city, and city and property owners desire to with- draw said property from the Sunset Beach Lighting District and thereby avoid said double taxation of such property for lighting facilities, NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach does resolve as follows : 1. That the property described in Exhibit "A, 11 attached hereto and made a part hereof, is hereby withdrawn from the Sunset Beach Lighting. District . Such withdrawal shall be effective upon the filing of copies of this resolution with the State Board of Equalization, the governing board of Sunset Beach Lighting District and the County Assessor for the County of Orange .-. 2. All property acquired for the district and all unencumbered funds, to wit : all sums of money, uncollected taxes, and other un- collected accounts belonging to or due such district , in excess of I I an amount sufficient to pay all claims and accounts against the AT REQUFST OF VITY OF iIUNIT;[,MTGI BEACR } 1 . 7W7 QVFICTWL-RECORDS OF 0R*NG!kCOUNTY, CALIF. FREE 9M. AM J,AN 8 1970 C4 I ljt- district, on the date of withdrawal including all taxes levied and collected by the district in any year in which taxes are levied ` ~ and collected by the district after the date of withdrawal on property withdrawn from the district , shall be divided between the . city and the remaining district in proportion to the assessed value of the real property of the territory so withdrawn and the portion remaining. 3 . The _City Clerk is hereby instructed to send certified copies of this resolution to the State Board of Equalization , to j the governing body of the Sunset Beach Lighting District , and to the County Assessor of the County of Orange . 4 . This resolution is adopted pursuant to Section 19290 of the Streets and Highways Code of the State of California. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach at -a regular meeting thereof held -on--th-e 5th day of January, 1970 . 41 Mayor ATTEST: s City455nerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: City Attorney -ra 5 2 . r M _ i 1 S V 0'K u r80 ,�:� EXHIBIT "A" Beginning at a point on the city boundary of the City of Huntington Beach, said boundary having been established by "Sunset Harbour Annexation" in Ordinance No . 800 of said city, and having been certified by the 'Secretary of the State of Cali- fornia on December 9, 1960, said point being the most northerly corner of Lot 1, Block 412 of Tract No . 21, as shown on a map recorded in Book 9, Page 22 of Miscellaneous Maps , records of Orange County, ,California, said point also being the intersection of said southwesterly line of said boundary with the southeasterly line of Broadway, 80 . 00 feet in width, as shown on said map of Tract No. 21; thence south 42045100" east along said boundary of the City of Huntington Beach, 497 . 50 feet, more or less, to the most easterly corner of Lot 8 in said Block 412; thence continuing along said city boundary south 42045100" east, 5 . 68 feet more or less to the most easterly corner- of Lot 1 of Block 216- of said - Tract No. 21; thence south 75030 ' 00" west along the southeasterly • line of said Lot 1, 33 . 80 feet more or less to the intersection of said southeasterly line of said Lot 1 with the southeasterly. - projection of the southwesterly line of said Lot 8; thence north 43°31' 15" west along said southeasterly projection of said south- westerly line of said Lot 8 a distance of 5 .77 feet more or less to the southwesterly corner of said Lot 8; thence north 43031 ' 15" west along the southwesterly line of said Lot 8, and its northwesterly prolongation, 106 . 00 feet, more or less to its i intersection with the southeasterly line of Lot 7 in said Block 412; thence south 46028, 45" west 15 . 00 feet, more or less, to the most southerly corner of said Lot 7; thence north 43031 ' 15" west along the southwesterly line of Lots 7, 6, 5, 4 , 3, and 2 in said Block- 412, a distance of 375 . 00 feet , more or less, to the most westerly corner of said Lot 2, said corner being on said southeasterly line of Broadway; thence north 46128 , 45" east along said southeasterly line of Broadway, 55. 00 feet, more or less, to the point of beginning. 4 I I S , ` PArn Res. No. 3107� I STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF ORANGE ) ss : CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH ) I , PAUL C. JONES, the duly elected , qualified and acting City Clerk of the City of Huntington Beach, and ex- officio Clerk of the City Council of said City, do hereby certify that the whole number of members of the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach is seven; that the foregoing resolution was passed and adopted by the affirmative vote of more than a majority of all the members of said City Council •, at a regular meeting thereof held on the 5th n day of January 19 70 by the following vote : AYES: Councilmen: Bartlett, McCracken, Kaufman, Matney NOES: Councilmen: None ABSENT: Councilmen: Shipley, Coen, Green ' t City Clerk and officio Clerk of the City Council of the City ;. of Huntington Beach, California 11"119'THIS MTV AnES`r t � STATE OF CALIFORNIA REILLY STATE BOARD First Di OF EQUALIZATION cEORGE R.strict,San Francisco 1020 N STREET, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA JOHN W. LYNCH (P.O. BOX 1799, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95808) Second District,Fresno PAUL R. LEAKE Third District,Woodland RICHARD NEVINS Fourth District,Pasadena HOUSTON I.FLOURNOY Controller,Sacramento j H.F. FREEMAN Executive Secretary , Zr. Paul C. Jones Jan. 15, 1970 Huntington_ Beach City Clerk P. 0, Box 190 of letter Your l l Iuntington Beach, California 92648 Jan. ter 1920 ])ear Mr. Jones : This is to acknowledge receipt of the statement(s ) , filed as required by Section 54900, et seq. , of the Government Code by which Resolution No. 3107 declared that portion of the Sunset Beach Lighting District lying within the boundaries of the City of Huntington Beach withdrawn from said Sunset Beach Lighting District on January 5, 1970: x Legal description( s ) of boundaries * Map( s ) showing boundaries *A map indicating the bound- x Resolution( s ) No. 3107 ary of this withdrawn area Ordinance( s ) No. was filed with this office Certificate(s) when it was annexed to the Other City of Huntington Beach, The 1221 Board roll will reflect the action evidenced by the above statement(s ) unless it is found to be inade- quate. If it is found to be inadequate or its validity for assessment or taxation purposes is questioned, we will bring such a situation to your attention. Ver r yours , ' eo L. EASTMAN Chief cc-Mr. Andrew J. Hinshaw VALUATION DIVISION Orange County Assessor j i r - F� .,,. N � . January 7, 1970 '-° J. Wylie Carlyle, Recorder County of Orange P.O. Box 238 Santa Ana, California 92702 Dear Sir: Enclosed herewith, is a copy of Resolution No. 3107 for recording. When recorded, please return to Paul C. D Jones, City Clerk, P.O. Box 190, Huntington Beach, California 92648. Thank you. Sincerely yours, Paul C. Jones ' City Clerk PCJ:aw Enc. January 7, 1970 Assessor's Office County of Orange 630 N. Broadway Santa Ana, California 92701 Gentlemen: / The City Council of Huntington Beach, at its regular meeting held Monday, January 5, 1970, approved Resolution �! D No. 3107, declaring that portion of the Sunset Beach Lighting District lying within the boundaries of the City of Huntington Beach withdrawn from said Sunset Beach Lighting District. Enclosed please find a copy of said resolution. Sincerely yours, ,a Paul C. Jones City Clerk PCJ:aw Enc. January`.7, 1970 Board of Supervisors P.O. Box 838 Santa Ana, California 92702 Gentlemen: The City Council of Huntington Beach, at its regular meeting held Monday, January 5, 1970, approved Res- olution No. 3107, declaring that portion of the lJ Sunset Beach Lighting District lying within the boundaries of the City of Huntington Beach withdrawn from said Sunset Beach Lighting District, Enclosed please find a copy of said resolution. Sincerely yours, I , Paul C. Jones City Clerk I � PCJ:aw Enc. I I I I I January 7, 1970 Road Commissioner County of Orange 400 West 8th Street Santa Ana, California 92701 Attention: Mr. Weaver Dear Mr. Weaver: The City Council of Huntington Beach, at its regular meeting held Monday, January 5, 1970, approved Res- olution No. 3107, declaring that portion of the Sunset Beach Lighting District lying within the boundaries of the City of Huntington Beach withdrawn from said Sunset Beach Lighting District. Enclosed please find a copy of said resolution. Sincerely yours, Paul C. Jones City Clerk PCJ:aw Enc. January 7, 1970 State Board of Equalization P.O. Box 1799 Sacramento, California 95808 Gentlemen: The City Council of Huntington Beach, at its regular meeting held Monday, January 5, 1970, approved Res- olution No. 3107, declaring that portion of the Sunset Beach Lighting District lying within the boundaries of the City of Huntington Beach withdrawn from said Sunset Beach Lighting District. Enclosed is a copy of said resolution for your information. Sincerely yours, Paul C. Jones City Clerk PCJ:aw Enc. .j 11 December 1969 TO: City Council I FROM: City Attorney i SUBJECT : Dissolution of Sunset Beach Lighting District Upon recommendation of the Committee on Special Districts, the attached resolution is submitted for approval in order to withdraw that portion of.. the Sunset Beach Lighting District lying within the boundaries of the City of Huntington Beach from said lighting district to avoid double taxation. Respectfully submitted, DON P. BONF City Attorney yahb Attachment I t MEMORANDUr2 TO: City Council FROM: City Administrator � O DATE: December 22, 1969 1 SUBJECT: SUNSET BEACH LIGHTING DISTRICT 1 f I i I The Council appointed committee on Special Districts recommended the detachment of those portions of the Sunset Beach Lighting District located within the City of Huntington Beach and that the street lighting within these sections be assumed by the City of Huntington Beach . This can be accomplished by the City Council adopting the attached resolution directed to the Board of Supervisors . jThe residential units in the area (Tax Code Area 4-042, Bayview St. from Broadway southeasterly) have a total assessed value of $48, 360 . The Sunset Beach Lighting District tax rate is $0 . 1194 and collects a total of $57. 74. The energy cost of the three .street lights in the area is $151 .20 per year. The properties pay at about $0 .096/$100 in city taxes for city street lighting for which they, at present, receive no benefit. This based on the total assessed value equates to $45 . 57 . While the properties will be relieved of double taxation by detaching from the Sunset Beach Lighting District, the cost to the city for electrical energy will exceed the amount generated by city taxes for that purpose by $105 per year. It is the Administrator's recommendation that the Council adopt the attached resolution. Doyle Miller City Administrator DM:bwo attach. I RESOLUTION NO . A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH DECLARING THAT PORTION OF THE SUNSET BEACH LIGHTING DISTRICT LYING WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CITY OF HUNTING- TON BEACH WITHDRAWN FROM SAID SUNSET BEACH LIGHTING DISTRICT WHEREAS, by Ordinance 1089 of the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach the city approved the annexation to said city of property described in Exhibit "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof, and said property is a part of the Sunset Beach Lighting District; and The City of Huntington Beach assesses taxes on said property and provides lighting facilities for said property; and The owners of said property pay taxes to both city and the Sunset Beach Lighting District for said lighting facilities provided solely by the city, and city and property owners desire to with- draw said property from the Sunset Beach Lighting District and thereby avoid said double taxation of such property for lighting facilities, NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach does resolve as follows : 1. That the property described in Exhibit "A, " attached hereto and made apart hereof', is hereby withdrawn from the Sunset Beach Lighting District . Such withdrawal shall be effective upon the filing of copies of this resolution with the State Board of Equalization, the governing board of Sunset Beach Lighting District and the County Assessor for the County of Orange . s 2 . All property acquired for the district and all unencumbered funds, to wit : all sums of money, uncollected taxes , and other un- collected accounts belonging to or due such district , in excess of an amount sufficient to pay all claims and accounts against the 1 . I - district, on the date of withdrawal including all taxes levied and collected by the district in any year in which taxes are levied, and collected by the district after the date of withdrawal on property withdrawn from the district , shall be divided between the city and the remaining district in proportion to the assessed value of the real property of the territory so withdrawn and the portion remaining. 3 . The City Clerk is hereby instructed to send certified copies of this resolution to the State Board of Equalization , to the governing body of the Sunset Beach Lighting District , and to the County Assessor of the County of Orange . 4 . This resolution is adopted pursuant to Section 19290 of the Streets and Highways Code of the State of California. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Huntington Beach at a regular meeting thereof held on the day of January, 1970 . Mayor ATTEST: City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: City Attorney 2 . EXHIBIT "A" Beginning at a point on the city boundary of the City of Huntington Beach, said boundary having been established by "Sunset Harbour Annexation" in Ordinance No . 800 of said city, and having been certified by the Secretary 6f the State of Cali- fornia on December 9, 1960 , said point being the most northerly corner of Lot 1, Block 412 of Tract No . 21, as shown on a map recorded in Book 9, Page 22 of Miscellaneous Maps , records of Orange County, California, said point also being the intersection of said southwesterly line of said boundary with the southeasterly line of Broadway, 80 . 00 feet in width, as shown on said map of Tract No. 21; thence south 42045100" east along said boundary of the City of Huntington Beach, 497 . 50 feet , more or less , to the most easterly corner of Lot 8 in said Block 412; thence continuing along said city boundary south 42045100" east , 5 . 68 feet more or less to the most easterly corner of Lot 1 of Block 216 of said Tract No . 21; thence south 75030 ' 00" west along the southeasterly line of said Lot 1, 33 . 80 feet more or less to the intersection of said southeasterly line of said Lot 1 with the southeasterly projection of the southwesterly line of said Lot 8; thence north 43031 ' 15" west along said southeasterly projection of said south- westerly line of said Lot 8 a distance of 5 . 77 feet more or less to the southwesterly corner of said Lot 8; thence north 43031 ' 15" west along the southwesterly line of said Lot 8 , and its northwesterly prolongation, 106 . 00 feet, more or less to its intersection with the southeasterly line of Lot 7 in said Block 412; thence south 46128145" west 15 . 00 feet , more or less , t,o the most southerly corner of said Lot 7; thence north 43°31 ' 15" west along the southwesterly line of Lots 7, 6, 5, 4 , 3, and 2 in said Block 412, a distance of 375 . 00 feet , more or less , to the most westerly corner of said Lot 2, said corner being on said southeasterly line of Broadway; thence north 46°28145" east along said southeasterly line of Broadway, 55 . 00 feet , more or less , to the point of beginning. ✓ A. S. KOCH ROAD COMMISSIONER AND COUNTY SURVEYOR y U NTY O Fc ASST. ROAD MCCO R, V. WISE . COMMMMISSSISIONER DEPUTY COUNTY SURVEYOR RVE OR AND SR.B. VAILE W, L. ZAUN O DIVISION ENGINEER-OPERATIONS REFUSE DISPOSAL ENGINEER RAN G E M. I. STORM DONIS BARRETT DIVISION ENGINEER-ENGINEERING BUSINESS MANAGER TELEPHONE: 834-3456 AREA CODE 714 ROAD DEPARTMENT ENGINEERING BUILDING 400 WEST 8TH STREET SANTA ANA. CALIFORNIA 92701 City of Huntington Beach City Hall 5th Street & Orange Huntington Beach, Calif. I Pursuant to Section 58855of the Government Code, we are transmitting herewith map of proposed annexation to bal2geCCounty Street LiahtingM_aintenanca District _No 3 - Tract Na, 5945 ( tentati v'e), Very truly yours , A. S. KOCH Road Commissioner & County Surveyor y + t obert . Wise Deputy County Surveyor RVW: ik Enclosure urr PROPOSED ANME.XA'fION TO TPE ORANUE COUVal\1 STREET LIG11Z►NG MAIVAIDANMCE D1SIMC7 N0.3 i=O9- T9NC7 No. 5945 ('(EWIATJVE) A polm01a OF Ny2, SE'/4 i SEC. 15,T55, R►tw rev- vNP gook 51 , PAGE V3 M.VA. 1 tCORD5- of ORANGE COUVYTY R&. MAG1. 0Utl. s�szE.ET SCALE: I"moo` �A S o'41'30'E lo64.o0' TNuex-TRi 41ol co cj di 00 LUU oor �. Q V' N (n Lin ' M r 14 0031'OS•W �• 98.14' Nt.' . tsa'31'05"w.• t NeM'3o'w ..:.• 05.05' C10.00, ; CZ=15.00' �= 23.52' ARtN .'To..S? AlsNexEb EXISTING DISMIC'( lBoW.IvP\IZ'( AGENDA 9-19-66 INGTpN 2�pP�RgT�Oet,9� jrwmt�w CITY OF -_ oz � . a ----------------- ------------------ CALIFORNIA yC e��`isa9P ��c� COUNTY GPI, September 14, 966 DEFERRED BY COU M_k P 9 1966 City Council '3'C3: --- --------- -------- City of Huntington Beach �` .. �r� -- -- ---------- Re: Improvement of Beach L ghting, Including Main Street Gentlemen: At the Council ' s direction, the Public Works Director has developed an estimated cost for improving the lighting system on the beach, including placement of all wiring underground and a modification of the Main Street incandescent street lighting system. The total estimated cost would be $56, 000 . Although this capital improvement would be advantageous, it is my recommendation that we do not consider going forward until a master plan of improve- ment for the beach area and the downtown area has been completed. It is my further opinion that revenues for the current fiscal year will probably fall short of our estimates, due to the rather critical economic. decline at this time . Doy Miller City Administrator DM:bwo //✓ )s MEMORANDUM FTO: ERRED COUNCIL TO: Doyle Miller, City Administrator .....V..:=::_ FROM: Director of Public Works "'" DATE: August 30, 1966 SUBJECT: Beach Lighting Modification At the direction of the City Council this office has estimated the cost of providing underground service and modifying the lighting on the City Beach, from the pier southeasterly to Highway 39. Modi- fication of the lighting consists of the installation of concrete poles and double arm luminaires on a spacing to properly light the parking lot, beach and bluff area. Twenty-nine (29) irregularly spaced and poorly located units will be replaced with 40 units in this proposal. Following are estimates of the work as prepared by this office and furnished by Edison Company. 1. Cost to convert the overhead lines to underground, including service to all buildings, by Edison Company, $25,000.00. 2. Cost to install 40 concrete poles and double arm luminaires, by Edison Company, $14,500, plus $440 per month energy charges. 3. Cost to install 40 concrete poles and double arm luminaires, by the City, $32,000, plus $144 per month energy charges. Regarding Items 2 and 3, these equate to breakeven in 59.12 months, after which ownership by the City is the most economical. If the City is to proceed with this project, it is recommended that Items 1 and 3 are the best combination to use. ames R. Wheeler Director of Public Works JRW:ace 1 OFFICIALS INGTQ/ DOYLE MILLER v ADMI NISTRATIVE INISTRATIVE OFFICER _npOR_ A?F� �qZ C I T Y O F � .� 'aBRANDER 0. CASTLE ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR Q ............................................................................. JAMES R. WHEELER P. O. BOX 190 C A L I F 0 R N I A DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS y 6 P O FRANK B. ARGUELLO CF �1 Isb9i ���c 92648 FINANCE DIRECTOR COUNTY CP JOHN SELTZER COUNCILMEN May 13, 1966 POLICE CHIEF DONALD D. SHIPLEY DELBERT G. HIGGINS MAYOR FIRE CHIEF ERNEST H. GISLER VINCENT G. MOORHOUSE ROBERT M. LAMBERT LIFEGUARD CHIEF JAKE R. STEWART THOMAS H. WELCH OLLIN C. CLEVELAND BUILDING DIRECTOR PAUL C. JONES EDWARD R. STANG CITY CLERK WATER SUPERINTENDENT JAMES D. PLUNKETT CITY ATTORNEY BETTY DIEKOFF TREASURER Honorable Mayor and City Council, P.O.Box 190, Huntington Beach, Calif. Be: Payment of Street Lighting by City in portion of Streets ac- cepted by City Gentlemen: Last year the city accepted streets from portion of Huntington Continental and. the problem has arisen as to who should be paying for lighting bill on street lights .,, The controversy concerns a figure of several hun- dred dollars from the date of acceptance until January 1 , 1966. It is .my opinion that the City should not pay the amount requested as nothing in the agreements reached places that responsibility upon us and in the ordinary course of events the City does not pay such utility costs until properties are entered on the tax rolls , which in this case would be January 1, 1966. ResiDectfully submitted, K DALE BUSH, City Attorn y KDB:h i Al -N (®r LL O. BOX Igo CALiFORNiA �2G48 C,60711V COUNCILMEN JAKE R STEWART, MAYOR TED W. BARTLETT ALV;N M. COEN ERNEST H. GISLER N. JOHN V. V. GREEN May 18, 1966 DR. HENRY S. KAUFMAN DR. DONALD D. SHIPLEY PAUL C. JONES CITY CLERK K. DALE BUSH CITY ATTORNEY BETT'! DIEKOFF TREASURER Commander Harold Brown, President Huntington Continental Townhouse Assoc. No. 1 OFFICIALS 19901 Coventry Lane DCYLE MILLER Huntington Beach, California ADWNIST11ATIVE OFFICER BRANDER D. CASTLE Dear Commander Brown: ADSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR JAMES R. WHEELER DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS As a result of the recent discussion before the, City FRANK B. ARGUELLO Council concerning the street lighting bill in FINANCE DIRECTOR Huntington Continental, the matter was referred to JOHN SF"TZER the City Attorney for study and report. POLICE CHIEF DELBERT G. HIGGINS FIRE CHIEF We have enclosed. a copy of the City Attorney ' s opinion VINCENT G. MOORHOUSE which seems to be self explanatory. This opinion was LIFEGUARD CHIEF submitted to the Council at the May 16 regular meeting. OLLIN C. CLrVELAND BUILDING DIRECTOR KENNETH A. REYNOLDS Please feel free to call the City Attorney or this PLANNING DIRECTOR office if additional information is needed. Yours very truly, Doyle Miller City Administrator DM.-bwo enc. / \ (50 ? OFFICIALS ,�UHSINGTpN - DOYLE MILLER O �b•T� /�� Ij//y//"�'� f-//{ /J/ ADMINI$TRA TIVE OFFICER t R19 �v S CITY O F 'J%�(/ BRANDER U CASTLE ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR V • --. - - Q CPO ...........................................-.................................... JA MES R WHEELER P. O. BOX 190 C A L I F O R N I A DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS 92 $ FRANK B. ARGUELLO f I NANCE DIRECTOR �CQUNTY JOHN SELTZER COUNCILMEN May 13, 1966 POLICE CHIEF DONALD D. SHIPLEY DELBERT G HIGGINS MAYOR FIRE CHIEF ERNEST H GISLER VINCEN7 G. MOORHOUSE ROBERT M. LAMBERT JAKE R. STEWART ' LIFEGUARD CHIEF THOMAS H. WELCH OLLIN C. CLEVELAND ,._ BUILDING DIRECTOR PAUL C. JONES EDWARD R. STANG CITY CLERK WATER SUPERINTENDENT JAMES D. PLUNKETT CITY ATTORNEY ///_'''�����,� A BETTY DIEKOFF TREASURER ' Honorable Mayor and City Council, F.0. Box 1�:;I0, Huntington E"ea ch , Calif. Re : Payment of Street Lighting by City in portion of Streets ac- cepted by City Gentlemen: Last yerr the city accepted streets from portion of Huntington Continental and the problem has arisen as to who should be paying for li..7hting bill on street lights . The controversy cor;cerns a figure of several hun- dred dollars from the date of acceptance until January 1 , 1966. It is my opinion that the City should not pay the amount requested as nothing. in ' the agreements reached places that responsibility upon us and in the ordinary course of everts the City does not pay such utility costs until properties are entered on the tax rolls , which in this case would be January 1 , 1966. :respectfully submitted, K DALE -PliSH, � City Attorri y KDB:h I I The Honorable mayor and City Council P. 0. Box 190 Huntington Beach, � D � Jan . 8, 196 I&`� Gentlemen, (1) The undersigned are residents or property owners in the Beach Club homes of Huntington Harbour. (2) The undersigned represent that the entrances to the Beach Club homes from Earner Avenue are not properly maintained in the following respects: (a) Lighting is non®exi.stenit at one entrance and inadequate at the other entrance . (b) The posted speec of 10 miles per hour creates an extreme hazard to vehicles turning left frorni Warner Avenue into the entrances and t* tehicles leaving the entrances and turning left and right on to Warner Avenue . (c) Upon checking with the Huntington beach Police Department and Highway Patrol, you will notice the number of accidents st these entrances in the last month (3) You are respectfully requested to (a) Furnish adequate lighting at these entrances . (b) Urge the city of Huntington Beach to reduce the posted speed limit 'to 35 miles per hour on Warner Avenue and to post flashing amber lights on Warner in the area of these two entrances . We wish to thank you for your kind consideration. I ,f i NA)& A ]JFtS 10 ,C n i1�f lw it/� t�" / -7/c 12 13 14 rZ 15 wh, _ - f " 9_ ir. � � -c�)�'�a. Y �2Ut✓,u l�j ��c.�i, ) /Z` 16 17 18 0A '/ t 19 ,r Y liw� ° 20 21 �< ' iF�C1�G'is !tea 1i 22 23 f?? i' I'.?�✓✓ tavJff / 24 f--y /�," -2�✓ fi9 tom, _ r �t:�.c,c.... I Cn - i 1 :�ia_, _ C��_.� - � " 25 r.'`y? 26 , 27 G , �'`�. f' 2; cJJZ�r- J� • ` / r� �'<��s` s7� iAfx-, c��''�� t ✓», JY `o,n w.:,_, - CS',� M1 � •• Z�t�1 2s r .-� s` °' - e u 1 z � �.. ' 29 C , q�- . h „ Y� r 14AME: ADDRESS A, 3I OJA 17o4- i C:)O-- - 5 7� 7 0 9 7 AAA '3 T-P 0 ezlq- - e, AJ4 8 -71- 5' 10 12 : 131 ( 716( 14 15 16 17 0 18 eT 19 20 21 71 22 17, 23 24 r. of 25 /70/7 6c eel, 26 27 0�11 28 41Z 29 �2 -ezt 30 31 s 32 ; t� NAIL ! ADDRESS 1,f /7e,,/3 ! %Er�r�tfiPw f%�/ti'.1 17076 4 � 5 %v.r.t° Al� 0 < G cam. v �,f Fr. 10 11K— i �� / 12 13 1. '�, � ;�L u < f�2 '-Jig 2e i I 15 16 17 II 18 19 20 21 22 231 i � I 24j i 25 26 I 27 I I 28 29 � 30 31 j � 5 ,007 � �$•a� ern 1011- d gel e.,.44", ° - `� 8071 ELLIS AVENUE • HUNTINGTON BEACH, CALIFORNIA • LExington 6-3069 Oc t. 7, 1964 City Council Huntington Beach, Calif. Gentlemen: In recent weeks we have had a prowler in the vicinty of Patterson Way and La Palma. This area is unlighted so we feel that a street light can the corner of Patterson Wag and La. Palma might discourage this kind of action. The police record can be checked for verification of the prowler as he has been caught, so any consideration on this will be greatly appreciated. Thank you very much.. Sine rely, Joseph M. Apple i t w RCE'No. 5408 Telephone: 797-4396 LS No. 1253 CHARLEs ALBERT SMITH �\ CIVIL ENGINEER 1224 Boston Street Altadena, California 91001 June 8 1964 City Council City Hall 6th & Orange Sts . Re: Street Lighting Huntington Beach California Gentlemen: This letter about street lighting is just a shot in the dark. Many Cities pay for their street lighting out of General Fund while others set up special assessment districts to defray the costs thereof. General Funds everywhere are becoming increasingly overburdened and many Councils are havinf difficulty in stretching them to cover essentials . Often it is possible to relieve this fund of the expense of street lighting by assessing the costs thereof directly against the properties benefitted. Ordinatily the cost per residential property is nominal and not excessive for business locations . I have been handling street lighting assess- ment districts for about twenty years , and am familiar with the problems and solutions . If you are in any way interested I will be glad to discuss street lighting with you at your convenience. V ry truly yo s Charles Albert Smith Newport West Homeowners Association �. May 13, 1964 City Council of Huntington Beach City Hall i Gentlemen: On behalf of more than four- hundred residents, and in con- sideration of the heavy and increasing flow of traffic in southeast Huntington Beach, I urgently request the Council to direct the placement of a city streetlamp at the inter- section of Bushard and Brookhurst Streets. At present the area has no nighttime illumination of any kind from Brookhurst (a four lane street) , and the nearest light on Bushard (two lanes) is a full block away at the intersection with Lelani Street. A nighttime left-hand turn from the northbound lane of Brookhurst must be negotiated into an unmarked and all but indistinguishable Bushard. Misjudged turns into the plowed fields on either side of Bushard are common, as evidenced by the many tire tracks into those fields, particularly after a fog. Moreover, I urge your earliest consideration of this .dangerous condition. If our Homeowners Association may be of any help in the solution, please address correspondence on th'e matter to: Mr, Richard Oden, Chairman Planning Committee 9351 Tahiti Circle, Huntington Beach, Tel: 536 3700 Thank you, D. A. Forane, President Nei port West Homeowners Association 6