HomeMy WebLinkAboutSenior Center in Central Park - Set aside the City Council's 4/ /eye
Council/Agency Meeting Held:_ /
Deferred/Continued to:
1�14pp7ed ❑ Conditionally Approved ❑ Denied Cffy C s Sig n4fure
Council Meeting Date: July 5, 2011 Department ID Number: CA 11-005
CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH
REQUEST FOR CITY COUNCIL ACTION
SUBMITTED TO: Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
SUBMITTED BY: Jennifer McGrath, City Attorney
PREPARED BY: Jennifer McGrath, City Attorney
SUBJECT: Set aside the City Council's certification of the Senior Center
Environmental Impact Report ("EIR") No. 07-002 and issuance of the
Conditional Use Permit ("CUP") No. 07-039 regarding the Senior
Center in Central Park
Statement of Issue: On March 4, 2008, Parks Legal Defense Fund and a number of
individuals (collectively "Parks")filed a lawsuit challenging the City's decision to build a
Senior Center in Central Park. Parks' lawsuit contained the following four claims: first
claim under the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") asserting that the EIR failed
to consider a reasonable range of alternatives to the project; second claim asserting that
the November 2006 election violated CEQA and the City's Charter Section 612; third claim
asserting a violation of the City's General Plan; and fourth claim asserting that the use of
the Pacific City project's park in-lieu fees for funding the construction of the Senior Center
violated the Quimby Act.
On February 10, 2009, in a separate trial, the trial court denied Parks' Charter Section 612
claim. On December 15, 2009, after a second trial, the trial court entered a judgment in
Parks' favor on the remaining claims. The City appealed and Parks filed a cross appeal on
the Charter Section 612 claim. On December 13, 2010, the Court of Appeal issued its
opinion, ruling in the City's favor on the Charter Section 612 and Quimby Act ;I-i s, but
ruling in Parks' favor on the EIR and General Plan claims.
Financial Impact: Not Applicable.
Recommended Action: Motion to:
Set aside the City Council's certification of EIR No. 07-002 so that a subsequent EIR may
be prepared and set aside the issuance of CUP No. 07-039 regarding the Senior Center in
Central Park so that a General Plan Amendment may be processed.
Alternative Action(s):Do not set aside the City Council's certification of EIR No. 07-002
and issuance of CUP No. 07-039 regarding the Senior Center in Central Park, and direct
City staff accordingly.
i 11.3 -209- Item 11. - 1
also be reached."' [Citations.] . . . "Substantial evidence shall include facts, reasonable
assumptions predicated on facts, and expert opinion supported by facts."' [Citation.] `In
determining whether substantial evidence supports a finding, the court may not consider
or reevaluate the evidence presented to the administrative agency. [Citation.] All
conflicts in the evidence and any reasonable doubts must be resolved in favor of the
agency's findings and decision. [Citation.] [¶] In applying that standard, rather than the
less deferential independent judgment test, "the reviewing court must resolve reasonable
doubts in favor of the administrative findings and decision."' [Citation.]" (Uphold Our
Heritage v. Town of Woodside (2007), 147 Cal.AppAth 587, 596.),In any action
reviewing a public agency's decision relating to a CEQA determination, "the court shall
not exercise its independent judgment on the evidence but shall only determine whether
the act or decision is supported by substantial evidence in the light of the whole record."
(§ 21168.)
"[A] court's proper role in reviewing a challenged EIR is not to determine
whether the EIR's ultimate conclusions are correct but only whether the EIR is sufficient
as an informational document. [Citation.]" (Laurel Heights Improvement Assn. v.
Regents of University of California (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376,407 (Laurel Heights).) "We
may not, in sum, substitute our judgment for that of the people and their local
representatives. We can and must, however, scrupulously enforce all legislatively
mandated CEQA requirements." (Golera II, supra, 52 Cal.3d at p. 564.)
B. Sufficiency of the EIR
1. Alternative Sites
"The core of an EIR is the mitigation and alternatives section." (Goleta II,
supra, 52 Cal.3d at p. 564.) The petition asserted and the superior court found that the
EIR failed to adequately discuss feasible alternative sites for the senior center. The draft
EIR considered the following possible alternatives to the project: (1) continued uses
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Item 11. - 10 11 B -218-
owed by the general and master plans,which would prohibit building the senior center
the park; (2)reducing the size of the proposed senior center from 45,000 to 30,000
square feet and building the center at the location of the Rogers Senior Center;(3)
d,welopment of"multiple, smaller-scale senior centers throughout the City"; and(4) an
u_Lternative site for the senior center, again in Central Park, at the northwest corner of Ellis
avenue and Goldenwest Street. The proposed location for the senior center and the
,,Yremative site each consist of open space in Central Park. Although the initial feasibility
study conducted in 2006 acknowledged the potential use of closed school sites as
alternative locations for the senior center,the EIR did not discuss the use of such sites as
�_ernative locations.
A number of citizens voiced their concern about the draft EIR's failure to
-onsider closed school sites, including the Kettler School property, as possible alternative
Locations for the senior center. The 2006 initial feasibility study specifically discussed
s 4e Kettler School site. The study noted that "[g]iven the significant amount of acreage,
tliie option exists to develop either the main campus . . . or the school play fields adjacent
�.c Edison Park, . . ." The response (see Guidelines, § 15088, subd. (a))to the suggestion
of the citizens was: "The school district board has not yet declared the Kettler School
operty surplus. Therefore,the City does not have the option to purchase the property
bder the Naylor Act. Consequently, the Draft EIR did not evaluate this property as an
^.tismati-r e.site because the City's ability to purchase it is speculative." .. .
"An EIR shall describe a range of reasonable alternatives to the project, or
the location of the project, which would feasibly attain most of the basic objectives of
the project, and evaluate the comparative merits of the alternatives." (Guidelines, §§
5126.6, subd. (a), 15364.) "`A local agency must make an initial determination as to
which alternatives are feasible and which are not_ [Citation.] If an alternative is
: entified as at least potentially,feasible, an in-depth discussion is required. [Citation.]
On the other hand, when the infeasibility of an alternative is readily apparent, it"need not
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11 B -2 19- Item 11. - I I
be extensively considered."' [Citation.] `Even as to alternatives that are rejected,
however, the "EIR must explain why each suggested alternative either does not satisfy
the goals of the proposed project, does not offer substantial environmental advantages[,]
or cannot be accomplished."' [Citation.]" (Center for Biological Diversity v. San
Bernardino (2010) 185 Cal.App.4th 866, 883, italics added.)
The Kettler School site had aspects that recommend it as a possible
alternative site for the project. According to the City's 2006 initial feasibility study,
Kettler School would accommodate the proposed building, exterior programs, and future
expansion. It has parking,would benefit from being close to Edison Park, is adjacent to
compatible park uses,has significant vegetation, mature trees, and has potential
compatibility with the Edison Community Center. Because it has already been
developed, building the senior center at the school site would arguably reduce certain
adverse environmental impacts that would occur with building the center in the park.
(§ 21002; Guidelines, § 15126.6, subds. (a), (b).) "[T]he discussion of alternatives shall
focus on alternatives to the project or its location which are capable of avoiding or
substantially lessening any significant effects of the project, even if these alternatives
would impede to some degree the attainment of the project objectives, or would be more
costly." (Guidelines, § 15126.6, subd. (b).) Thus, if feasible, the EIR should have
discussed the alternative in detail. (Goleta 11,supra, 52 Cal.3d at p. 566 [EIR must
consider alternative location which offers substantial environmental advantage and may
be feasibly accomplished].)
The question then, is whether the Kettler School was a feasible alternative
site within the meaning of CEQA. More specifically, given the favorable information
relating to that site in the initial feasibility study, did the fact that the school district had
not declared Kettler School as surplus property at the time of the draft EIR make the site
infeasible?
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Item 11. - 12 11B -220-
The Naylor Act (Ed. Code, §§ 17485 et seq., formerly Ed. Code, §§ 39390
et seq.) "governs the disposal of certain kinds of surplus school property." (City of
Moorpark v. Moorpark Unified School Dist. (1991) 54 Cal.3d 921, 923.) "The net effect
of the Act is to make surplus school property available to local communities at less than
present market value, while assuring that participating school districts recover at least the
cost of acquiring the property." (Id. at pp. 923-924) If a school district decides to sell or
lease surplus property,that land must first be offered to the city in which it is situated.
(Ed. Code, § 17489, subd. (a).) With certain allowances, the sale price may not exceed
the school district's cost of acquisition, and may be as low as 25 percent of market value.
(Ed. Code, § 17491, subd. (a).)
For CEQA purposes, "`[f]easible' means capable of being accomplished in
a successful manner within a reasonable period of time,taking into account economic,
environmental, social, and technological factors." (§ 21061.1.) The fact that the City did
not own a particular parcel of property at a given moment does not necessarily make the
location an infeasible alternative. CEQA does not require the alternative be immediately
available, only that it be"capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a
reasonable period of time." (§ 21061.1.) Whether an alternative site is owned by the
proponent of the project is "simply a factor"to be considered in determining feasibility.
(Goletall,supra, 52 Cal.3d at p. 575, fn. 7; Guidelines, §15126.6, subd. (f)(1) [whether
site is owned-by proponent is."[a]mong the1actors that ntay be taken into account when
the feasibility of alternatives"].) In Goleta II, the court recognized that even in situations
where the proponent of a project is a private party that owns the proposed location of a
project,there still may be cases "in which the consideration of alternative sites is
necessary and proper." (Goleta H, supra, 52 Cal.3d at p. 575.) Those instances are
necessarily increased when the proponent is a governmental agency. "Understandably,
the government's power of eminent domain and access to public lands suggest that
alternative sites may be more feasible, more often, when the developer is a public rather
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I I -22'1- Item 11. - 13
than a private agency." (Id. at p. 574.) The guidelines require the EIR to discuss
"acquisition" when relevant. (Guidelines, § 15126; see San Bernardino Valley Audubon
Society, Inc. v. County of San Bernardino (1984) 155 Cal.App.3d 738, 751 [EIR
defective for failure to discuss possibility of land trade between private developer and
United States Forest Service].)
The City argues the possibility of acquiring any of the school sites was too
speculative to require in-depth discussion by the EIR, because the school district had not
offered to sell surplus property and the City's ability to purchase such property, even at
(well)below market rates was uncertain. Had the City inquired of the school.district and
been informed the locations are not for sale, the point might be well taken. However, it
does not appear the City ever inquired. The latter claim—the City's ability to purchase
school sites at below market rates was uncertain—rings hollow, given the City's
December 3, 2007 decision to approve its November 2007 surplus school property
purchasing plan, which included a recommendation to purchase 7.73 acres of the Kettler
School property, a total of 24.6 acres from three other school sites, and directed the City's
staff to update the plan as new sites are identified as surplus.
Given the fact that the Kettler School site may have been available at well
below market value—not to mention the fact that the site had been considered as a
potential site in the initial feasibility study—it must be concluded the site was at least
"potentially feasible." The EIR's failure to discuss the Kettler site, as well,as the other _
closed school sites that may have been available as alternative Iocations rendered the EIR
deficient as an informative document. (Goleta II,supra, 52 Cal.3d at p. 564.) As a
result, the City's certification of the final EIR was a prejudicial abuse of discretion,
requiring the certification be set aside.
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Item 11. - 14 11 B -222-
REQUEST FOR COUNCIL ACTION
MEETING DATE: 7/5/2011 DEPARTMENT ID NUMBER: CA 11-005
Analysis:On March 4', 2008, Parks filed a lawsuit, challenging the City's decision to build a
Senior Center in Central Park based on CEQA, Charter Section 612, the General Plan, and
the Quimby Act. In a February 10, 2009, separate trial, the trial court denied Parks relief on
its Charter Section 612 claim. A trial on the remaining claims took place on August 6,
2009. On December 15, 2009, the trial court entered a judgment and a writ of mandate in
Parks' favor on the remaining claims. The City appealed and Parks filed a cross appeal on
the Charter Section 612 claim.
On December 13, 2010, the Court of Appeal issued its opinion. The Court of Appeal ruled
in the City's favor on the Charter Section 612 and Quimby Act claims. The Court of Appeal
ruled in Parks' favor on the CEQA claim challenging the sufficiency of the EIR and the
General Plan claim. Regarding the EIR, the Court of Appeal held that the EIR failed "to
discuss the Kettler [School] site, as well as the other closed school sites that may have
been available as alternative locations." (Attachment 1 [Court of Appeal Opinion, page
11].) The Court of Appeal also held that the EIR failed to address "whether use of all the
[Quimby Act] in-lieu fees from the Pacific City project ($20 to $25 million) as funding for the
[S]enior [C]enter was likely to affect the City's ability to acquire open land to replace the
acreage lost by building the [S]enior [C]enter." (Attachment 1 [Court of Appeal Opinion,
pages 12-13].) Regarding the CUP, the Court of Appeal held that the CUP violated the
City's General Plan because the City's General Plan incorporated the Central Park Master
Plan which "designated the land where the [S]enior [C]enter is proposed to be built as a low
intensity recreation area." (Attachment 1 [Court of Appeal Opinion, page 15].) Thus, the
Court of Appeal ordered that the "[t]he certification of the EIR must be set aside" and "[t]he
CUP must be set aside." (Attachment 1 [Court of Appeal Opinion, page 20].) On
February 16, 2011, the Court of Appeal sent the case back to the trial court.
On May 20, 2011, the trial court stated that it would not relinquish its jurisdiction until the
City Council complied with the Court of Appeal's opinion to set aside the certification of the
EIR and issuance of the CUP. The trial court set a hearing date of July 12, 2011, for the
City Council to take these actions. If the City Council sets aside the certification of the EIR
and issuance of the CUP, the trial court will relinquish its jurisdiction of this lawsuit. If the
City Council fails to set aside the certification of the EIR and issuance of the CUP by the
July 12, 2011, hearing the trial court will continue to maintai^ its jurisdiction of this lawsuit
and most likeiv restrain the City from takinq anv artinn on the FIR and the CUP.
Environmental Status: City staff anticipates presenting a subsequent EIR and General
Plan Amendment to the Planning Commission at the end of the year and to the City Council
early next year.
Strategic Plan Goal: Improve Internal and External Communication
Attachment(s):
1. Court of Appeal Opinion, dated December 13, 2010
Item 11. - 2 11B - I0-
ATTACHMENT # 1
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court,rule 8.1115(a),prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published,except as sppeecified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COURT OF AF EAL D DIST DIV 3
DIVISION THREE
DEC 13 2010
PARKS LEGAL DEFENSE FUND et al., Deputy Clerk
Plaintiffs and Appellants, G043109
V. (Super. Ct. No. 30-2008-00051261)
THE CITY OF HUNTINGTON BEACH OPINION
et al.,
Defendants and Appellants.
Appeals from a judgment of the Superior Court of Orange County,David
C. Velasquez,Judge. Affirmed in part, reversed in part.
Jennifer McGrath, City Attorney, Scott F. Field,Assistant City Attorney
and John M. Fujii, Deputy City Attorney; Greines, Martin, Stein &Richland and Alison
M. Turner for Defendants and Appellants.
Poole & Shaffery,Law Office of Mark J. Skapik, Mark C. Allen III and
Geralyn L. Skapik for Plaintiffs and Appellants.
Item 11. - 4 1 1 B -212-
Parks Legal Defense Fund and a number of individuals (collectively Parks)
filed a petition for a writ of mandate (petition) seeking injunctive and declaratory relief
challenging the City of Huntington Beach's (the City) decision to build a senior center on
open land in Central Park. The petition contained four causes of action. As to the second
cause of action, the superior court denied petitioner's request to require the voters to
approve the project a second time, as time-barred. The court granted Parks' request for
relief on the remaining causes of action. Parks and the City each appeal from the part(s)
of the judgment adverse to their position.
. I-
FACTS
In June 2005,the City hired an architectural firm to study the feasibility of
constructing and operating a new senior center based upon the growth of the City's senior
population. The City anticipated a 64 percent increase in the senior population to over
50,000 by 2010. The March 2006 feasibility study concluded a building in excess of
45,000 square feet would be required to meet the needs of the senior community. The
preferred site for the senior center is in the City's Central Park.
Before the City may construct in a city park any building in excess of 3,000
square feet or at a cost of more than $100,000, the City Charter requires an "affirmative
vote of at least a majority of the electors voting on such proposition at a general or
special P1ection at which such propositior is submitted." (N.B. Charter, 8 612(b).) On
July 1 7, 20G6, the City ordered Measure _placed on the balicit. The ballot measure read:
"Shall a centrally located senior center building,not to exceed 47,000 square feet, be
placed on a maximum of five acres of an undeveloped 14-acre parcel in the 356-acre
Huntington Beach Central Park, generally located west of the intersection of Goldenwest
Street and Talbert Avenue, between the disc golf course and Shipley Nature Center,
following City Council approval of all entitlements and environmental review?" (Italics
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4I 1B 13- Item 11. - 5
omitted.) The Huntington Beach voters passed the measure on November 7, 2006. The
City subsequently began its environmental impact study.
Earlier that year, on October 16, 2006, the City entered into an agreement
with the developer of the Pacific City Project, Makalon Atlanta Huntington Beach, LLC.
(developer), whereby the developer would construct the proposed senior center with in-
lieu fees assessed pursuant to the Quimby Act. (Gov. Code, § 66477 et seq.) Under the
Quimby Act, a city may require a developer to dedicate an amount of land or pay fees in-
lieu thereof for park or recreational purposes as a condition to the approval of a tentative
map or parcel map. (Gov. Code, § 66477, subd. (a).) The Pacific City Project involved
the proposed construction of a 165 room boutique hotel, 163,000 square feet of retail
stores, 12,000 square feet of restaurants, a 2.0 acre open space/park, and 516
condominium units in the "Main-pier sub-area of the Huntington Beach Redevelopment
Project" adjacent to Pacific Coast Highway. The proposed senior center location is a
straight-line distance of 2.95 miles from the northwest corner of the Pacific City Project.
On February 20, 2007, the City contracted EIP Associates/PBS&3 to
prepare an environmental impact report (EIR) for the new senior center on a five-acre site
within the 356-acre Huntington Central Park. The City gave notice on September 17,
2007,that a draft EIR had been prepared for an approximately 45,000 square feet senior
center on undeveloped land within Central Park and of the public comment period. The
location wail zoned as a low intensity recreation area, which permitted "barbeque and
picnic amendities, a restroom, tot-lot, open turf area, and parking uses."
A number of individuals voiced their opposition to the project and EIR.
Opposition grounds included the failure to consider alternative sites and that the proposed
in-lieu funding violated the Quimby Act.
The City's planning commission certified the final EIR and approved a
conditional use permit (CUP) on December 11, 2007. The final EIR consisted of the
draft EIR with text changes and responses to comments. The mayor appealed the
3
Item 11. - 6 f I B -214-
decision. On February 4, 2008, after a public hearing on the appeal, the city council
voted to approve the resolution certifying the final EIR and approved the CUP for the
senior center.
Parks filed a petition on March 4, 2008. The petition alleged the City's
certification of the EIR violated the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA) (Pub.
Resources Code, § 21000 et seq.),' inter alia, in that it failed to consider"a reasonable
range of alternatives" including possible school sites that became available after the draft
EIR was prepared,but before certification of the final EIR.
, The second cause of action alleged the City violated CEQA and City
Charter section 612 by purporting to approve the project without voter approval as
required by the City Charter. The petition alleged the voters' action in approving
Measure T in 2006 was not final approval. The third cause of action alleged the City
violated its general plan and failed to modify the general plan or its zoning ordinance to
accommodate the proposed senior center. The fourth cause of action sought declaratory
relief and alleged the City's intended use of park in-lieu fees to fund construction of the
proposed senior center violated the Quimby Act.
The superior court bifurcated the trial on the petition. On February 10,
2009,the court held the second cause of action was time-barred under section 21167,
subdivision (a) and Government Code section 65009, subdivision (c)(1). It found that in
certiTn_g the EIR the City abused its discretion by failing to proceed in the manner
pv'dew nkoasYd f ' ible alternative sites
lacked substantial evidence. The court also found the EIR failed to discuss the
consequences to the City of iopen space park land and the loss of funds to replace the land
because the City planned to divert the in-lieu funds to finance the senior center rather
than replenish the lost open space. The court also found the CUP was issued in violation
' All further statutory references are to the Public Resources Code,unless
otherwise stated.
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11B _221.5 Item 11. - 7
of the City's general plan. Lastly, the court found that use of in-lieu funds from the
Pacific City project to finance the senior citizen center violated the Quimby Act because
(1)the funds were not intended to be used to provide for park and open space land, and
(2)using the entire in-lieu fee to pay for 100 percent of the cost of building the senior
citizen center bore no reasonable relationship to the degree to which the future
inhabitants of the Pacific City project would use the center. The court found that in all
other respects, the City did not abuse its discretion in certifying the EIR.
The court directed the City to set aside and vacate the EIR for the proposed
senior center in Central Park, all actions of the city council on Feburary 4, 2008 regarding
the proposed senior center, and the issuance of the CUP. The court further found the
senior center may not be funded by the in-lieu fees without violating the Quimby Act and
the City's enabling ordinance, Huntington Beach Municipal Code section 254.08.
II
DISCUSSION
A. Rules Applicable to CEQA Review
"CEQA is a comprehensive scheme designed to produce long-term
protection to the environment. [Citation.]" (Mountain Lion Foundation v. Fish & Game
Com. (1997) 16 CalAth 105, 112.) The Legislature has enacted CEQA Guidelines to be
followed in the process. (Cal. Code Regs., tit. 14, § 15000 et seq.)Z "These Guidelines
are binding on all public-.agencies in California." (Guidelines, § 15000.) CEQA requires
"that maior consideration is given to preventing environmental damage,while providing
a decent home and satisfying living environment for every Californian." (§ 21000, subd.
(g).) The public policy behind CEQA includes the idea"that public agencies should not
approve projects as proposed if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation
measures available which would substantially lessen the significant environmental effects
Z All references to "Guidelines" are to the State CEQA guidelines, which
implement CEQA. (Cal. Code Regs., tit. 14, § 15000 et seq.)
5
Item 11. - 8 11 B _2 16-
of such projects . . . ." (§ 21002.) CEQA therefore requires the public agency to
"mitigate or avoid the significant effects on the environment of projects that it carries out
or approves whenever it is feasible to do so." (§ 21002.1, subd. (b).)
The "heart and soul of CEQA"is the EIR. (Planning& Conservation
League v. Department of Water Resources (2000) 83 Cal.AppAth 892, 911.) "Whenever
a project may have a significant and adverse physical effect on the environment, an EIR
must be prepared and certified. [Citations.]" (Mountain Lion Foundation v. Fish &
Game Com.,supra, 16 CalAth at p. 113.) The EIR's function is "to identify the
significant effects on the environment of a project, to identify alternatives to the project,
and to indicate the manner in which those significant effects can be mitigated or
avoided." (§ 21002.1, subd. (a).)
Additonally, the EIR"inform[s] the public and its responsible officials of
the environmental consequences of their decisions before they are made. Thus,the EIR
`protects not only the environment but also informed self-government.' [Citation
(Citizens of Goleta Valley v. Board of Supervisors (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553, 564 (Goleta II).)
Our review of the City's certification of the EIR for the senior center is "limited t
deciding `whether there was a prejudicial abuse of discretion . . . [which] is established if
the agency has not proceeded in a manner required by law or if the determination or
decision is not supported by substantial evidence.' [Citation.]" (Santiago County Water
Dist. v. County of Grange (19Q1) 118 Cal.App.3d 818, 823.) "Generally speaking, of
agency's failure to comply with the procedural requirements of CEQA is prejudicial
when the violation thwarts the act's goals by precluding informed decisionmaking and
public participation. [Citations.]" (San Lorenzo Valley Community Advocates for
Responsible Education v. San Lorenzo Valley Unified School Dist. (2006) 139
Cal.AppAth 1356, 1375.) "`Substantial evidence is defined as `enough relevant
information and reasonable inferences from [the information supplied by the EIR] that a
fair argument can be made to support a conclusion, even though other conclusions might
6
I1B -217- Item 11. - 9
2. Failure to Consider Loss of Open Land or Purchase of Open Land
The superior court found the EIR failed to accurately describe the project in
that the City incorrectly presumed the land in Central Park upon which the senior center
is to be constructed "has no value, is under-used land, is surplus land, or is vacant land.
However,the City's General Plan and its Central Park Plan demonstrate the importance
to the City of park land and open space land within the city." The court noted that if the
City were to use all the in-lieu funds from the Pacific City project to build the senior
center, the net result is a loss of open space not only within Central Park, but also within
the City as a whole. The EIR failed to discuss the environmental impact to the park and
the city caused by the redirection of the in-lieu funds away from the purchase of open
space toward construction of the senior center.
We agree with the City that the EIR adequately described the loss of open
space in Central Park. The EIR did not, however, discuss the loss of open space
throughout the City, caused by the City's use of all the Quimby Act funds to construct the
senior center instead of creating more open space. (See Guidelines, § 15131.)
With regard to the loss of open space,the EIR states: "Currently, 231
acres, or 65 percent, of Central Park are developed or planned for use as passive
recreational areas. The change from passive to active at the project site would represent a
2 percent reduction of passive recreational space in Central Park . . . ." It also observed
that building the senior center in the park would"reduc[e] the amount of undeveloped
open spaice within Central Park" and concluded, "[tlhis would be considered a'significant
cumulative impact of the proposed project."
As noted above, the City did approve a plan in December 2007 to purchase
surplus school property. The purchase of 10.6 acres for park open space was included in
the plan. That plan which might have provided an alternative site for the senior center
was not included in the EIR. The EIR should have addressed whether use of all the in-
lieu fees from the Pacific City project ($20 to $25million) as funding for the senior center
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11B -223- Item 11. - 15
was likely to affect the City's ability to acquire open land to replace the acreage lost by
building the senior center.
3. The Raptors (Birds of Prey)
The EIR found "[d]evelopment of the proposed project would have a
substantial adverse impact to raptor foraging habitat" and urged implementation of a
mitigation measure that included "dedication as open space, conservation and/or
enhancing areas of raptor foraging habitat at a ratio of 1:1 for acres of impact on raptor
foraging habitat to provide suitable habitat values and functions for raptors." The
mitigation measure further provided that enhancement "would include, but not be limited
to, the planting of native trees within and adjacent to conserved areas of raptor foraging
habitat."
Parks contends that as it relates to the issue of the impact on raptors, the
EIR was defective because there was no evidence the mitigation measure will mitigate
the impact on the raptors. It is not the City's burden to demonstrate the mitigation
measure was sufficient. As we have stated before, "Where an EIR is challenged as being
legally inadequate, a court presumes a public agency's decision to certify the EIR is
correct,thereby imposing on a party challenging it the burden of establishing otherwise.
[Citations.]" (Sierra Club v. City of Orange(2008) 163 Cal.App.4th 523, 530.) Parks
has not carried its burden on this issue.
C. Measure TStatute of Limitations
The second cause of action alleged the City violated CEQA and section 612
of the City's Charter by "purporting to finally approve the project without a vote of the
people as required by" section 612 of the City's Charter. As noted above, the
issue was put to the voters in 2006 as Measure T and was approved by the voters on
November 7, 2006. That vote was without benefit of an EIR. If the vote was an approval
13
Item 11 . - 16 _? _
of a"project"for CEQA purposes, section 21167, subdivision (a)required any action to
be filed within 180 days of the approval, a date that expired prior to the filing of the
present petition.
As a public agency generated initiative, Measure T was not exempt from
CEQA compliance. (Friends of Sierra Madre v. City of Sierra Madre (2001) 25 Cal.4th
165, 171.) The vote committed the City to going forward with the project. The petition,
claiming an EIR was required before putting the matter to a vote, was not filed until
March 2008,and is untimely under section 21167. That section requires an action
alleging "that a public agency is carrying out or has approved a project that may have a
significant effect on the environment without having determined whether the project may
have a significant effect on the environment shall be commenced within 180 days from
the date of the public agency's decision to carry out or approve the project." (§ 21167,
subd. (a).) To the extent the second cause of action challenges the CUP on the ground
that the voters were not provided an EIR before Measure T was voted on,Parks
challenges the City's "proceedings, acts or determinations taken, done, or made prior to"
the issuance of the CUP. (Gov. Code, 65009, subd. (c)(1)(F).) That being the case, the
cause of action accrued in 2006,when the City put Measure T on the ballot. Section
65009's time limit, 90 days, expired prior to the filing of the instant petition in 2008.
(Gov. Code, § 65009, subd. (c)(1).) According,the trial court did not err in concluding
the second cause of.action was time-barred.
D. The CUP and Violation of the City's General Plan
Government Code section 65300 requires every city to"adopt a
comprehensive, long-term general plan for the physical development of the . . . city."
The general plan must include: "A land use element that designates the proposed general
distribution and general location and extent of the uses of the land for housing, business,
industry, open space, including agriculture, natural resources, recreation, and enjoyment
14
1..1B -225_ Item 11. - 17
of scenic beauty, education,public buildings and grounds, solid and liquid waste disposal
facilities, and other categories of public and private uses of land." (Gov. Code, § 65302,
subd. (a).) As we observed in Endangered Habitats League, Inc. v. County of Orange
(2005) 131 Cal.App.4th 777, "The general plan functions as a "`constitution for all future
developments,"' and land use decisions must be consistent with the general plan and its
elements. [Citation.]" (Id. at p. 782.) A project must be compatible with the policies and
objectives of the general plan, but "[p]erfect conformity is not required." (Ibid.)
"We review decisions regarding consistency with a general plan under the
arbitrary and capricious standard. These are quasi-legislative acts..reviewed by ordinary
mandamus, and the inquiry is whether the decision is arbitrary, capricious, entirely
lacking in evidentiary support,unlawful, or procedurally unfair. [Citations.] Under this
standard, we defer to an agency's factual fmding of consistency unless no reasonable
person could have reached the same conclusion on the evidence before it. [Citation.]"
(Endangered Habitats League, Inc. v. County of Orange, supra, 131 Cal.App.4th at p.
782, fn. omitted.)
The superior court found the CUP violated the City's general plan. That
plan requires "structures located in the City's parks and open spaces be designed to
maintain the environmental character in which they are located"(Huntington Beach
General Plan, LU 14.1.3, I1-LU44, and the City to acquire and develop its "parks in
accordance with the Parks and Recreation Element of the General Plan." (Huntington
Beach General Plan, LU 14.1.5, II-LU-44.) The recreation element of the general plan,
recognizes "[a]ll designated park lands need to be preserved with proper land use
designation." (Huntington Beach General Plan, III-RCS-6.) The recreation element
further required development of system wide parks and recreation master plan
"incorporate[ing] the Central Park Master Plan." (Huntington Beach General Plan, I-
RSC 4, III-RCS-17.) The Central Park master plan in turn designated the land where the
senior center is proposed to be built as a low intensity recreation area, which would
15
Item 11. - 18 11B -226-
permit picnic and barbeque amenities, tot-lot,.restrooms, open turf area, and parking uses.
The project would result in high intensity use.
The City claims that while it recognizes the project is inconsistent with the
low intensity designation by the Central Park master plan,the park's general plan is not
part of the City's general plan, and an amendment of the park plan after issuance of the
CUP to bring the CUP into compliance with the park general plan is permissible. It is
not.
The City's general plan specifically required the parks and recreation
master plan to incorporate the Central Park master plan. As stated above, a general plan
functions as a constitution for all future developments, and compliance with the Central
Park master plan was, in effect, constitutionally compelled. The government may not
justify the violation of a constitutionally compelled provision because it intends to
subsequently amend its constitution. It must comply with the law as presently enacted.
The trial court properly found the CUP violated the City's general plan.
E. Declaratory Relief(Quimby Act)
Subject to conditions not present here, "[t]he legislative body of a city or
county may, by ordinance, require the dedication of land or impose a requirement of the
payment of fees in lieu thereof, or a combination of both, for park or recreational
purposes as a condition of the approval of alentative r_a-p or parcel rr►ap." (Gov.-Code;§-
66477, subd. (a).) "This section shall be known . . . as the Quimby Act." (Gov., Code, §
66477, subd. (g). The purpose of Quimby Act in-lieu fees is to "maintain and preserve
open space for the recreational use of the residents of new subdivisions." (Home
Builders Assn. of TularelKing Counties, Inc. v. City of Lemoore (2010) 185 Cal.App.4th
554, 566.) The City's Quimby Act ordinance declares the City has determined"that the
public interest, convenience, health, safety and welfare require five acres of property for
16
11B -227- Item 11. - 19
each 1,000 persons residing within the City be devoted to local park and recreational
purposes." (Huntington Beach Zoning and Subdivision Ord., § 254.08C.)
As stated above, the City intends to fund construction of the new 45,000
square foot senior center, including banquet facilities and meeting rooms, with all or
substantially all of the$20 to $25 million in-lieu fees from the Pacific City Project. The
superior court granted Park's request for declaratory relief and held use of the in-lieu
funds violates the Quimby Act for "for two reasons: Firstly, the funds are not intended
by the City to be used to provide for park and open space, and secondly, using the entire
[sum of] in lieu fees to pay for 100 [percent] of the cost to build the senior center bears
no reasonable relationship to [the] degree to which the proposed senior center will be
used by the future inhabitants of the Pacific City project." The court also found "the
proposed senior center building and its intended usage does not satisfy the customary
notion of a park." The City contends the Quimby Act does not require use of fees toward
what would customarily be considered a park, the senior center is a recreational facility,
the Quimby Act expressly authorizes use of in-lieu fees for the development of recreation
facilities, and the senior center would serve Pacific City residents. We need not address
these issues because we agree with the City's contention that Parks' declaratory relief
action is time-barred.
Government Code section 66499.37 provides: "Any action or proceeding
to attack, review, set aside,,void, or annul the decision of an advisory agency, appeal
board, or legislative body concerning a subdivision, or of any of the proceedings, acts, or
determinations taken, done, or made prior to the decision, or to determine the
reasonableness, legality, or validity of any condition attached thereto, including, but not
limited to, the approval of a tentative map or final map, shall not be maintained by any
person unless the action or proceeding is commenced and service of summons effected
within 90 days after the date of the decision. Thereafter all persons are barred from any
action or proceeding or any defense of invalidity or unreasonableness of the decision or
17
Item 11. - 20 1113 -228-
of the proceedings, acts, or determinations. The proceeding shall take precedence over
all matters of the calendar of the court except criminal, probate, eminent domain, forcible
entry, and unlawful detainer proceedings." (Italics added.)
The City issued the CUP for construction of the senior center on February
4, 2008. The trial court found the issuance of that CUP triggered the 90-day period under
Government Code section 66499.37 and thus, Parks' petition was timely filed. Here the
trial court erred. While the CUP was the triggering event for purposes of other issues
raised in the petition, it was not the triggering event for purposes of determining the
propriety of the Quimby Act provision imposed on the developer of the Pacific Center in
2006.
In Timberidge Enterprises, Inc. v. City of Santa Rosa (1978) 86 Cal.App.3d
873 (Timberidge Enterprises, Inc.), the City of Santa Rosa enacted a resolution adopting
a school impact fee that could be imposed upon the city's approval of a subdivision map.
The purpose of the fee was to alleviate overcrowding of schools caused by a new
subdivision. The City of Santa Rosa imposed the fees on the plaintiffs as a condition of
its approval of subdivisions to be developed by the plaintiffs. (Id. at p. 877.) The
plaintiffs brought an action to declare the resolution and the fees imposed invalid. (Ibid.)
The City of Santa Rosa contended the action was untimely under
Government Code section 66499.37. (Timberidge Enterprises, Inc., supra, 86
Cal.App.3d?t p. 885.)` The superior court rejected that argument and concluded the
statute did not commence to run until such time as the fees were paid. The appellate
court reversed. It found the event that triggered the commencement of the time period set
forth in Government Code section 66499.37 was the approval of the subdivision map
with attached condition. (Id. at p. 886.) "If the condition, as here, shall be that school
impact fees be thereafter paid upon applications for permits to build upon the
subdivision's lots,the statute's plain requirement is that an attack on the validity of the
City's decision, and its attending condition, be made within the designated period. Upon
18
1 its -229- Item 11. - 21
failure of interested parties to do so, the validity of the condition is normally placed
beyond legal attack. And here, it will be remembered, plaintiffs' claim of right to recover
school impact fees paid is founded solely on the premise of the related condition's
invalidity." (Ibid.)
Like the appellate court in Timberidge Enterprises, Inc., "we discern a
patent legislative objective that the validity of such decisions of a local legislative body,
or its advisory agency, be judicially determined as expeditiously as is consistent with the
requirements of due process." (Timberidge Enterprises, Inc.,supra, 86 Cal.App.3d at p.
886.) Indeed, since Timberidge Enterprises, Inc. was decided, the Legislature shortened
the time frame in which challenges may be made to such decisions from 180 days to 90
days. (See Historical and Statutory Notes, 36E West's Ann. Gov. Code (2009 ed.) foll. §
66499.37,p. 382.)
In Soderling v. City of Santa Monica (1983) 142 Cal.App.3d 501, a
developer challenged a condition imposed on the approval of a tentative tract map. The
map and condition were approved on June 5, 1978, and the city subsequently gave the
developer a 12-month extension of the tentative map. (Id. at pp. 503-504.) The
developer's subsequent action challenging the city's 1980 denial of a final map, due to
his failure to comply with the condition imposed in connection with the tentative map,
was found to be untimely. (Id. at p. 505.) "The purpose of a conditional tentative map is
to identify clearly the requirements to which a,developer must conform; hence, he must
demonstrate in his final map that he has resolved all of the deficiencies or problems
enumerated in the tentative map. [Citation.] In other words, fulfillment of all tentative
map conditions is, from the outset, a condition of final map approval. [Citations.]"
(Ibid.)
On October 16, 2006, the City approved the owner participation agreement
with the developer and the tentative tract map for the Pacific City development, a
condition of which was the use of Quimby Act in-lieu funds for construction of a new
19
Item 11. - 22 11B -23)0-
senior center on City owned property. If Parks was to challenge the in-lieu condition of
that map, Government Code section 66499.37 required Parks to make the challenge
within 90 days of the imposition of that condition, or not at all.
F. Conclusion
The certification of the EIR must be set aside because the EIR did not
consider feasible alternative sites or whether the use of all the Quimby Act fees to fund
construction of the senior center adversely impacts the City's ability to acquire open
space within the City. The CUP must be set aside because it violates the City's general
Plan. The challenge to the use of Quimby Act funds to finance construction of the senior
center is time-barred, as is the challenge involving Measure T.
III
DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed except with regard to the declaratory relief action,
which is reversed. Each party will bear their own costs on appeal.
MOORE, J.
WE CONCUR:
O'LEARY, AC1`ING P. J.
IKOLA, J.
20
11B -2)1- Item 11. - 23
G043109
Parks Legal Defense Fund et al. v. The City of Huntington Beach et al.
Superior Court of Orange County
Jennifer Michelle McGrath
City Huntington Beach
2000 Main Street
P.O. Box 190
Huntington Beach, CA 92648
Alison M Turner
Greines,Martin,Stein&Richland
5900 Wilshire Blvd.
Suite 375
Los Angeles, CA 90036-3697
Mark Clifford Allen III
Poole & Shaffery
C/O Law Office of Mark J. Skapik, APC
250 W. First St., Suite 330
Claremont, CA 91711
The Attorney General Office
Consumer Law Section
1300 I Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
Item 11. - 24 11B -232-
1113 -v - Item 11. - 25